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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 87 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July" : 87 Documents clear
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Syphilis Antibodies in Premarital Screening Program Meshari, Amna M.; Hameed, Lamis A.; Almousawi, Hayat Y.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.184

Abstract

Background: Premarital screening is essential for identifying reproductive, genetic, and infectious diseases to prevent long-term health complications in couples and their future offspring. Specific Background: Infections such as hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and syphilis pose serious public health risks, particularly in regions with high endemicity, yet data on their prevalence in premarital populations remain limited. Knowledge Gap: Despite mandatory screening policies, seroprevalence data and associated sociodemographic factors among premarital individuals are underreported. Aim: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and syphilis antibodies among individuals undergoing premarital screening and to explore related sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Among 1066 randomly selected participants from Basrah in 2017, the highest prevalence was observed for HBV (0.66/1000), followed by HCV (0.59/1000) and syphilis (0.52/1000). Significant associations were found between all infections and gender and occupation, while HBV was significantly related to residence and syphilis to age. Novelty: This study provides updated, large-scale evidence of low but present infection rates and sociodemographic correlations in a premarital cohort. Implications: Findings support the continuation and refinement of premarital screening programs to guide early interventions, inform public health strategies, and reduce transmission risks to spouses and offspring. Highlights: Identifies hidden infections in asymptomatic individuals before marriage. Links sociodemographic factors to infection prevalence. Supports targeted public health interventions through early detection. Keywords: Premarital Screening, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Syphilis, Seroprevalence
Comparison Study of Diaspot Rapid One Test and Advanced Quality Test in the Diagnosis of H. Pylori from Smokers Fejer, Lamyaa Gh.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.185

Abstract

Background :Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic, gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human gastrointestinal tract and represents one of the most widespread bacterial infections globally. Several studies have shown a strong correlation between smoking and increased susceptibility to H. pylori infection, with smokers demonstrating a higher infection rate compared to non-smokers.Aims:This study aims to determine the most accurate and reliable diagnostic method for detecting H. pylori among smokers. Method:A comparative analysis was conducted between two rapid diagnostic tools: the Diaspot Rapid One Test and the Advanced Quality Rapid Anti-H. pylori Test. Both tests were applied to blood and stool samples collected from 100 male and female smokers at Al-Mustafa University College over a five-month period (September 2019–February 2020).Findings:Results revealed that 10% of the blood samples tested positive, whereas all stool samples returned negative results.Results:These findings suggest that stool testing may offer more accurate detection, as blood antibodies can persist even after the infection has resolved, potentially causing false positives. The study highlights the limitations of relying on a single diagnostic method, especially in smokers, and recommends the adoption of multimodal diagnostic approaches to enhance accuracy in high-risk populations. Highlights: Stool tests may be more accurate for current infections. Blood antibodies can cause false positives. Smokers are at higher risk for H. pylori infection. Keywords: Helicobacter Pylori, Smokers, Rapid Diagnostic Test, Stool Testing, Blood Antibody
Opportunistic Dermatophyte Infections in Immunocompromised Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review Article Athouf, Dhuha A.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.186

Abstract

Background: Opportunistic dermatophyte infections pose an increasing issue in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid arthritis patients frequently get immunosuppressive treatment, such as corticosteroids and biologics, rendering them susceptible to fungal infections. Dermatophytes, a category of keratinophilic fungus, can induce severe and unusual infections in these patients, frequently resulting in chronic, treatment-resistant diseases. This review examines the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical symptoms, and diagnostic difficulties associated with opportunistic dermatophyte infections in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, it emphasizes contemporary therapeutic methods and preventive measures to reduce the risk of infection in this at-risk population. Timely diagnosis and customized antifungal therapy are essential for enhancing patient outcomes. Objectives: This study seeks to examine opportunistic dermatophyte infections in immunocompromised individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially those receiving immunosuppressive treatment. Conclusion: The interaction between compromised immune responses and heightened vulnerability to fungal infections requires proactive prevention and early intervention techniques. By maintaining good hygiene, wearing suitable footwear, employing antifungal treatments, and obtaining prompt medical consultation, patients can significantly reduce the dangers associated with dermatophyte infections. Highlights: High Risk in RA Patients, Immunosuppressive drugs increase susceptibility to dermatophyte infections. Difficult to Diagnose and Treat, Infections can become chronic and drug-resistant, requiring timely and tailored antifungal therapy. Prevention Is Essential, Good hygiene, proper footwear, and early medical attention help reduce infection risk. Keyword: Dermatophyte, Fungi, Immunocompromised, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Opportunistic
Association between Blood Sugar, Methyl-paraben, and Albumin Concentrations in Women with Hyperglycemic: Hubungan antara Gula Darah, Metil-paraben, dan Konsentrasi Albumin pada Wanita dengan Hiperglikemik Jesas, Lamiah Mohseen Alivi; Hayati, Nasim; Davoodi, Fatemeh
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a type of metabolic disorder, and the role of parabens as endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the physiological process of diabetes and their effects on the function of serum albumin has always been a scientific paradox. Until now, there is little information about the correlation between parabens and sugar level of diabetic people as well as their effect on albumin concentration in Iranian society, which has been investigated as the most important objective of this research. Aim of Study: The study aimed to investigation the relationship between blood sugar, methyl-paraben, and albumin diabetic Women. Material and Method: 200 diabetic patients and 75 control were subjected to laboratory tests. Demographic data were prepared and analyzed. The concentration of methyl paraben and albumin were statistically analyzed. The results: The demographic data showed that there is a significant relationship between the diabetic group and the control in the age factor and body mass index (P=0.012). The analysis of laboratory data showed that there was no significant relationship between blood sugar concentration and albumin (P=0.577) and between blood sugar concentration and methyl paraben concentration (P=0.532). Furthermore, the statistical test showed that there was no significant relationship between the concentration of albumin and the concentration of methyl paraben (P=0.374). Conclusion: The results of this research show that there is no statistical relationship between the concentrations of FBS, methyl paraben and albumin, which can be the result of genetic diversity in the Iranian diabetic community with other populations in different parts of the world. Highlights: No significant correlation was found between blood sugar, methyl paraben, and albumin levels in Iranian diabetic women. Demographic factors such as age and body mass index showed a significant association with diabetes risk. Statistical tests confirmed non-normal data distribution and absence of meaningful correlations among the three studied biomarkers. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, Methyl Paraben, Albumin, Iranian Women, Blood Sugar
Overview on the use of probiotic in the treatment of atopic dermatitis : Gambaran umum tentang penggunaan probiotik dalam pengobatan dermatitis atopik Bader, Shahad A.; AL-Saraj, Ruaa N.; AL-Ashou, Safa M.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a condition that reduces the quality of life for those afflicted. This syndrome is often linked to recurrent dermatological infections, heightened allergic sensitivity, and compromised skin barrier integrity. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis ranges from 1% to 20%. Research on probiotics has progressed markedly, showing effectiveness in addressing several conditions, including atopic dermatitis. A multitude of research investigates their effectiveness in treating and easing the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.This review will analyse the importance of probiotics in the management of atopic dermatitis, the possible mechanisms involved, and recent research on the subject. Highlights: Immune Modulation. Probiotics help balance Th1/Th2 responses and promote regulatory T cells to reduce allergic reactions and inflammation. Clinical Evidence. Multiple studies and meta-analyses support probiotics' efficacy in reducing SCORAD scores and AD severity. Strain-Specific Benefits. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains show most effectiveness, especially in mixed formulations over monotherapy. Keywords: Probiotics, Atopic Dermatitis, Inflammation, Allergy, Immune Response
Evaluation of Cortisol and Heat Shock Proteins in Rabbits Under Cadmium-Induced Stress and Chelation Therapy: Evaluasi Kortisol dan Protein Kejut Panas pada Kelinci yang Mengalami Stres yang Diinduksi Kadmium dan Terapi Khelasi Sadiq, Dina H.; Hussein, Diyar Mohammad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Background: Cadmium (Cd) exposure poses a significant environmental and occupational health concern, as it induces oxidative stress and disrupts cellular homeostasis. This study investigated the cadmium-induced stress response by examining its effects on cortisol and heat shock protein expression in rabbits, as well as the potential use of chelation therapy. Methods: Thirty-six New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=9) - control, cadmium exposure group (5 mg/kg CdCl₂ for 28 days), chelation therapy group (cadmium exposure and DMSA treatment at 50 mg/kg for 14 days), and DMSA group only. Serum cortisol levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and HSP90 were evaluated using Western blot on liver and kidney tissue. Results: Cadmium exposure increased serum cortisol (48.3 ± 6.2 ng/mL vs. 22.1 ± 3.4 ng/mL in controls, p<0.001). Cadmium exposure also increased HSP70 and HSP90 in liver (3-fold and 2.8-fold, respectively) and kidney (2.9-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively) tissues. Furthermore, chelation therapy with DMSA reduced serum cortisol to 31.7 ± 4.8 ng/mL (p < 0.01) and somewhat reversed heat shock protein levels. Conclusion: Cadmium exposure is a significant source of physiological stress in rabbits, as evidenced by increased serum cortisol levels and post-exposure expression of heat shock protein (HSP). DMSA chelation therapy has therapeutic effects for reducing cadmium-induced stress response, and shows potential value as a treatment plan for cadmium poisoning patients.Highlight : Cadmium exposure significantly elevates cortisol and heat shock proteins, indicating systemic and cellular stress in rabbits. DMSA chelation therapy partially reduces these stress markers, showing potential as a treatment for cadmium poisoning. The correlation between cortisol and HSP expression suggests integrated biomarkers can assess cadmium-induced stress effectively. Keywords : Cadmium Toxicity, Cortisol, Heat Shock Proteins, Chelation Therapy, DMSA
Procalcitonin as a Biomarker for Bacterial Infections: Clinical Applications: Kalsitonin sebagai Biomarker untuk Infeksi Bakteri: Aplikasi Klinis Al-Laith, Zainab Naser
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Bacterial infections can induce substantial inflammatory responses that are often mirrored by alterations in hematological parameters and serum biomarkers, such as procalcitonin. The identification of reliable biomarkers plays a critical role in facilitating early diagnosis and assessing disease severity. This study was designed to assess the diagnostic significance of serum procalcitonin levels alongside hematological indicators in patients with confirmed bacterial infections, comparing these findings with values obtained from healthy individuals. Conducted as a case-control observational study in Southern Iraq between January and April 2024, the research included 150 participants—100 with laboratory-confirmed bacterial infections and 50 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected from all participants to perform complete blood count (CBC) analysis and to determine serum procalcitonin concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sociodemographic variables including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status were statistically comparable between both groups. However, patients with bacterial infections showed significantly elevated procalcitonin levels (mean 5.68 ± 2.74 ng/ml) compared to controls (mean 0.39 ± 0.21 ng/ml), with a p-value of less than 0.001. Moreover, there was a direct correlation between infection severity and procalcitonin concentration. Hematological alterations in the patient group included increased white blood cell (WBC) counts, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, decreased levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and a marked rise in platelet counts. Interestingly, procalcitonin levels did not differ significantly by gender, suggesting that sex-based variation may not influence its diagnostic utility. These findings reinforce the clinical value of procalcitonin as a biomarker for both diagnosing bacterial infections and monitoring their severity. Additionally, associated hematological changes provide complementary information reflecting the systemic inflammatory response, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of combined biomarker-based assessment in clinical settings. Highlights: Diagnostic Value: Procalcitonin levels significantly rise in bacterial infections, making it a reliable biomarker for diagnosis and severity assessment. Clinical Correlation: A strong correlation exists between procalcitonin levels and white blood cell count, enhancing its diagnostic precision. No Gender Bias: Procalcitonin levels are consistent across genders, indicating its universal applicability in both male and female patients. Keywords: Procalcitonin, Bacterial Infection, Hematological Parameters, Inflammation, ELISA
Radiology Department Workers' Knowledge Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study: Pengetahuan Pekerja Departemen Radiologi Mengenai COVID-19: Sebuah Studi Cross-Sectional Abdul-Ra'aoof, Husham Hussain; Mizher, Wedad Amer; Tiryag, Ali Malik; Hanoun, Amina Abdul-Rhman; Hafed, Mohamed Hassan
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Background: Because radiology department employees are thought to be more susceptible to infection, they must understand infection control procedures and receive the necessary training to wear personal protective equipment. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate radiology department employees' knowledge of COVID-19 and determine how that knowledge relates to the employees' sociodemographic information. Methods: Between February 25 and March 16, 2021, 85 employees of hospitals in the Thi-Qar governorate's radiology departments participated in a descriptive cross-sectional study. To gather the information needed to meet the study's objectives, a unique questionnaire was created. The data was statistically analyzed using the Social Science Statistics software version 23, and the findings were presented as percentages and frequencies. The correlation between the various variables was evaluated using the mean score and significance. Results: Fifty-four (63.9%) and 31 (36.5%) of the 85 participants were men and women, respectively; 28 (32.9%) were in the 20–30 age range; 61 (71.8%) were married; 45 (52.9%) had a diploma; 46 (54.1%) were employed at X-ray units; approximately half (42, 49.4%) were radiographers; and 43 (50.6%) had been employed in the radiology department for 1–10 years. Conclusion: In summary, 78 (91.7%) and 7 (8.4%) individuals, respectively, had high and medium levels of overall knowledge regarding COVID-19 among radiology department employees; no discernible correlation was found between the study population's features and overall expertise.Highlight : Most radiology department workers demonstrated high knowledge about COVID-19. No significant link was found between knowledge levels and sociodemographic factors. Strongest knowledge was in infection prevention and clinical characteristics. Keywords : COVID-19, Radiology Department, Knowledge, Infection Prevention, Cross-Sectional Study
Biological Study for Leishmaniasis Cutaneous In Thi-Qar Governorate: Studi Biologis untuk Leishmaniasis Kutaneus di Kegubernuran Thi-Qar Dakhil, Athraa Shakir
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

General Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a parasitic disease transmitted by sandflies, remains a pressing public health issue in endemic regions. Specific Background: In Iraq, particularly within Dhi-Qar Governorate, CL has shown persistent prevalence, yet comprehensive long-term surveillance is limited. Knowledge Gap: Despite various clinical and diagnostic advancements, there is a lack of regional data analyzing demographic, geographic, and seasonal trends in CL incidence over an extended period. Aims: This study aims to monitor and evaluate the epidemiological patterns of CL in Dhi-Qar from 2020 to 2024 using hospital surveillance data. Results: A total of 3,882 cases were recorded, with a higher prevalence among males (53.16%) and rural residents (52.53%). Children aged 5–15 were the most affected group (41.6%). Infections peaked during winter (40.7%) and were most frequent on lower limbs (43.35%). Novelty: This research represents one of the few longitudinal studies in Iraq detailing the spatial, temporal, and anatomical distribution of CL at the governorate level. Implications: The findings provide critical insights for targeted public health interventions and underscore the need for improved awareness, especially in rural areas, to control disease spread and reduce long-term health impacts.Highlight : Infection rates were higher among males (53.16%) and in rural areas (52.53%). Children aged 5–15 years had the highest infection rate (41.6%) over the 4-year period. Winter season showed the highest number of cases (40.7%), indicating a seasonal pattern of transmission. Keywords : Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Dhi-Qar Governorate, Epidemiology, Seasonal Variation, Public Health
Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 in Patients with Acute Streptococcal Tonsillitis: Kadar Protein C-Reaktif dan Interleukin-6 Serum pada Pasien dengan Tonsilitis Streptokokus Akut AL-Isawi, Safaa A.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

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Abstract

Background; The tonsils get inflamed with acute streptococcal tonsillitis, which is a common bacterial illness mostly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Aims of the study: Look at the blood of people who have acute streptococcal tonsils and people who are healthy and not sick to see how much CRP and IL-6 are present. This will help you figure out what kind of illness it is and how bad it is. Methodology: The study looked at the amounts of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the blood of 100 people with acute streptococcal tonsils (as shown by positive throat swab cultures) and 50 healthy people of the same age and gender. It ran from January to April 2024. Blood samples were taken in a clean way, centrifuged to get serum, and then kept at -20°C. ELISA kits were used twice to measure the amounts of CRP and IL-6. We didn't include people who had long-term inflammatory diseases or who had recently taken antibiotics. Ethical approval was given for the study, and all subjects gave their informed permission. Result: The study found no significant differences between patients and controls in age, gender, smoking status, or BMI (p > 0.05). Patients showed significantly higher serum levels of CRP (18.6 ± 5.4 mg/L) and IL-6 (42.3 ± 9.8 pg/mL) compared to controls (CRP: 4.1 ± 1.2 mg/L; IL-6: 8.7 ± 2.6 pg/mL) with p < 0.001. A strong positive correlation existed between CRP and IL-6 (r = 0.742, p < 0.001). No significant gender differences were found for CRP or IL-6 levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The study concludes that elevated CRP and IL-6 levels in acute streptococcal tonsillitis reflect a strong inflammatory response driven by IL-6–mediated stimulation of CRP production. These biomarkers effectively indicate infection severity and immune activation.Highlight : The study demonstrates significantly elevated CRP and IL-6 levels in patients with acute streptococcal tonsillitis compared to healthy controls, indicating intense inflammation. A strong positive correlation between CRP and IL-6 levels suggests interlinked immune pathways relevant for disease monitoring. No significant gender differences were found in CRP and IL-6 levels, supporting the general applicability of these biomarkers. Keywords : Acute streptococcal tonsillitis, C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Inflammation, Biomarkers, Immune response

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