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INDONESIA
Atom Indonesia Journal
Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 452 Documents
 21   22   23   24   25 
Measurements of Natural Radionuclides and 137Cs in Airborne Particulate Samples Collected from Bali and Lombok Islands (Indonesia) S Syarbaini; W Wahyudi; G. Suhariyono; D. Gunawan; E. Suharguniyawan
Atom Indonesia Vol 47, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2021.1087

Abstract

Bali and Lombok islands are popular resorts and tourist destinations in the world because of their culture and beautiful natural view. The natural and anthropogenic radionuclides content in surface air of Bali and Lombok islands such as 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were measured at 3 monitoring stations in a period from January to December 2016. Aerosol samples were collected using a high volume total suspended particles (TSP) sampler. The activity concentrations of those radionuclides in airborne particulate matter were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The results show that the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K ranged from 1.0 to 3.04 µBq/m3, not detected to 1.78 µBq/m3, and 0.03 to 0.49 mBq/m3, respectively. All airborne particulate matter filter samples were found to be lower than the minimum detectable activity for 137Cs, which  means that none of 137Cs is originated from atmospheric nuclear weapon test and other sources in surface air of Bali and Lombok islands. Variations of monthly activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were influenced by rainfall during study period. Furthermore, the peak concentrations of radionuclides also occur due to volcanic ash coming from Mount Rinjani eruption.
Characteristics of Stable Isotope Compositions (δ18O and δ2H) of Surface Water in Bengkulu City B.N. Zega; S. He; A.M. Lubis
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.979

Abstract

Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a unique location and topography, and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is observed in this region, resulting in complex weather and climate variability. As a result, Indonesia including Bengkulu experiences regular natural disasters. Stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) have been used as natural tracers in solving water resources and water-related problems. The aim of this research is to investigate the variations of stable isotopes in Bengkulu City from three locations, namely Serut and Hitam Rivers and the Universitas Bengkulu (UNIB) lake, and to understand the hydrological processes in Bengkulu City. In this research, samples of surface water from Serut and Hitam Rivers and UNIB Lake in Bengkulu City were collected over five months between December 2018 and April 2019. Stable isotope compositions of these water samples were examined to understand the local hydrological processes. The result shows that the water samples are generally situated at the right side of Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) in δ18O and δ2H plot, indicating that water samples are more enriched in 18O and 2H as compared with the rainwater due to fractionation processes. The surface water samples define a local evaporation line with a slope of 6.536 while the LMWL has a slope of 7.848. This result indicates a significant evaporation effect on water bodies. Moreover, the slope of the regression line in all water samples was lower than the LMWL, in order of Serut River (7.696) > Hitam River (6.851) > UNIB Lake (6.436), indicating that UNIB Lake experienced more significant evaporation than river waters, resulting in enrichment in heavy isotopes. Serut River, one of largest river in Bengkulu City, which also plays an important role in flooding in Bengkulu City, has a regression equation similar to the regression line of rainwater (LMWL). It may be indicated that surface water from Serut River is strongly influenced by rainwater. Consequently, high amount of rainfall can affect the water level of Serut River, and can be associated with flooding. Therefore,   long-term monitoring of stable isotopes is very important in the future to provide the pattern of changes in isotopic variation, particularly during flood and drought events as climate-disaster mitigation effort.
Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 3 cvr46no3 cvr46no3
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.1107

Abstract

Reactivity Initiated Transient Response of TRIGA with the Progress of Core Burnt F. Haque; N.H. Badrun
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.983

Abstract

This paper illustrates the effects on safety of TRIGA Mark-II research reactor of Bangladesh at its different steps of core burnt during reactivity induced transient. The modeling and simulation were carried by coupled point kinetics, neutronics, and thermal hydraulics code EUREKA-2/RR based on neutronics data calculated previously by Monte Carlo code for different burnt states of TRIGA core. Three burn steps until 150 MWD have been considered for present analysis which are regarded here as beginning of cycle (BOC); middle of cycle, MOC (75 MWD); and end of cycle, EOC (150 MWD). Initially, the results of steady state analysis obtained from EUREKA code for these three burn steps have been verified with that of COOLOD code. Based on consistency of the results from the two codes, transient simulation has been conducted considering reactor with non-function of scram. Reactivity inserted amount ranges within 0.001 to 0.02 dk/k with three durations of insertions of 0.1s, 1s, and 5s. Major parameters such as reactor core maximum power and fuel clad maximum temperature have been reported. The analysis presents transient pattern of these parameters due to change in amount and duration of inserted reactivity. The maximum imposed reactivity that causes the fuel clad to exceed its design temperature at each burn step has been evaluated in this study. It is also observed here for each amount and durations of inserted reactivity, maximum value of both power and clad temperature found to decrease with the progress of core burnt. These results obtained from this analysis will be useful for reactor operators and management team during core upgrading and modification program.
Reactivity Effects in a Very-High-Temperature Pebble-Bed Reactor D. M. Pérez; L. H. Pardo; D. M. Pérez; L. P. R. Garcia; D. E. M. Lorenzo; C. A. B. de Oliveira Lira
Atom Indonesia Vol 47, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2021.1075

Abstract

The very-high-temperature reactor (VHTR) is one of the most promising and innovative designs selected by the Generation IV International Forum. Although previous papers have focused on the study and optimization of several parameter of a VHTR conceptual design, there is still much work needed to achieve the commercial introduction of this technology. The primary aim of this study is to obtain the reactivity effects of such parameters as the temperature of the fuel, moderator, and reflector, and the poisoning by 135Xe and 149Sm in the VHTR critically. To reach this goal, the widely-used MCNP6 code was employed in order to simulate the neutronics of the VHTR. The viability of the utilization of the MCNP6 code and the developed model for the study of the physics of the VHTR core was confirmed through the calculation and comparison with benchmarks provided by the IAEA. Based on the results of the temperature coefficients of reactivity obtained, a negative reactivity effect on the system of about 12 pcm/K was found, as is expected in all the nuclear fission reactors, while the combined effect of fission products 135Xe and 149Sm implies a negative reactivity of 3475 pcm.
Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 2 preface preface
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.1091

Abstract

Calculated Electronic Energy Loss of Heavy Ions at Low Energies in LR-115, Kapton, SiO2, and Al2O3 Amorphous Materials J. El Asri; O. El Bounagui; N. Tahiri; A. Chetaine; H. Erramli
Atom Indonesia Vol 47, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2021.1080

Abstract

The electronic stopping powers of LR-115 and Kapton polymeric foilshave been estimated, using Monte Carlo simulations, for 9Be, 11B, 12C, 14N, 16O, and 35Cl ions covering the energy range ~0.1-1.0 MeV/n. Comparison of stopping power based on Lindhard, Scharff, and Schiott (LSS) theory with the corresponding values obtained by SRIM and MSTAR codes in LR-115 and Kapton polymeric foils illustrate a significantly large deviations. However, a semiempirical equation has been proposed here and tested for better stopping power calculations at low-energy regime in the domain of LSS theory for Z = 4-8 ions across materials. Furthermore, the electronic energy losses for 9Be and 16O ions in SiO2 and Al2O3, respectively, have been calculated in the energy range of ~0.1-1.0 MeV/n. The calculated stopping powers exhibit up to 10 % deviation from the experimental values and MSTAR data.
Molybdenum-99 (99Mo) Adsorption Profile of Zirconia-Based Materials for 99Mo/99mTc Generator Application M Marlina; E. Lestari; A Abidin; H Hambali; I. Saptiama; S. Febriana; K Kadarisman; R. Awaludin; M. Tanase; K. Nishikata; K. Tsuchiya
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.914

Abstract

Technetium-99m (99mTc) plays a major role in diagnostic nuclear medicine and has not yet been replaced with any other radionuclides. It is available through the 99Mo/99mTc generator. The use of low-specific-activity 99Mo for 99Mo/99mTc generator application requires high adsorptive capacity sorbents. This study focused on the determination of 99Mo adsorption capacity of several zirconia materials, namely monoclinic nanozirconia, orthorhombic nanozirconia, sulfated zirconia,   and phosphated zirconia. These materials were synthesized by using the sol-gel method and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The determination of 99Mo adsorption capacity of these materials was carried out by soaking the materials in a Na299MoO4 solution with pH of 3 and 7, at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 90 °C, for 1 and 3 hours. The results indicated that monoclinic nanozirconia has a 99Mo adsorption capacity of 76.9 mg Mo/g, whereas orthorhombic nanozirconia, sulfated zirconia, and phosphated zirconia have 99Mo adsorption capacities of 150.1 mg Mo/g, 15.58 mg Mo/g, and 12.74 mg Mo/g, respectively. It appears that orthorhombic nanozirconia has the highest 99Mo adsorption capacity among the synthesized materials and can be applied as a candidate material for the 99Mo/99mTc generator.
Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 3 prfc46no3 prfc46no3
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2020.1108

Abstract

Priming Low-Dose Gamma Irradiation Increases Cellular Radioadaptation Response through the Induction of Hsp70 and SOD2 S. Supriyadi
Atom Indonesia Vol 47, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2021.1019

Abstract

Exposure to low-dose radiation has been demonstrated to stimulate increased cell protection when receiving subsequent challenge dose in what is known as radioadaptation response. Hsp70 and SOD, especially SOD2, are cytoprotectors against superoxide radicals generated by radiation exposure. This study aims to measure the expressions of Hsp70 and SOD2 in parotid salivary gland acinar cells as an indicator of radioadaptation response stimulated by low-dose gamma irradiation. The study used 24 male Rattus norvegicus that are divided into four groups: normal control, positive control, with 50-mGy priming irradiation, and with 100-mGy priming irradiation. The animals were immobilized without anesthetics with special tools designed especially for this study. Irradiation was carried out using a cobalt-60 (gamma ray) teletherapy unit (Philips XK-100) directed to the dorsa of the animals’ heads. High-dose gamma irradiation (2 Gy) was administered 5 hours after priming irradiation. The expression of Hsp70 and SOD2 was measured through immunohistochemical technique on the parotid salivary gland acinar cells and observed using a light microscope with 1000× magnification. Data obtained was analyzed with one-way ANOVA test (α = 0.05). The results showed that Hsp70 and SOD2 expressions in the priming irradiation groups were higher than those in control groups. The conclusion of this study: priming irradiation with low-dose gamma radiation before challenge irradiation with high-dose gamma radiation increases the radioadaptation response of salivary gland acinar cells through induction of Hsp70 and SOD2.

Page 23 of 46 | Total Record : 452

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