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INDONESIA
Atom Indonesia Journal
Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 452 Documents
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Stability Test For Sorghum Mutant Lines Derived From Induced Mutations with Gamma-Ray Irradiation S. Human; S. Andreani; Sihono Sihono; W.M. Indriatama
Atom Indonesia Vol 37, No 3 (2011): December 2011
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2011.76

Abstract

Sorghum breeding program had been conducted at the Center for the Application of Isotopes and Radiation Technology, BATAN. Plant genetic variability was increased through induced mutations using gamma-ray irradiation. Through selection process in successive generations, some promising mutant lines had been identified to have good agronomic characteristics with high grain yield. These breeding lines were tested in multi location trials and information of the genotypic stability was obtained to meet the requirements for officially varietal release by the Ministry of Agriculture. A total of 11 sorghum lines and varieties consisting of 8 mutant lines derived from induced mutations (B-100, B-95, B-92, B-83, B-76, B-75, B-69 and Zh-30) and 3 control varieties (Durra, UPCA-S1 and Mandau) were included in the experiment. All materials were grown in 10 agro-ecologically different locations namely Gunungkidul, Bantul, Citayam, Garut, Lampung, Bogor, Anyer, Karawaci, Cianjur and Subang. In each location, the local adaptability test was conducted by randomized block design with 3 replications. Data of grain yield was used for evaluating genotypic stability using AMMI approach. Results revealed that sorghum mutation breeding had generated 3 mutant lines (B-100, B-76 and Zh-30) exhibiting grain yield significantly higher than the control varieties. These mutant lines were genetically stable in all locations so that they would be recommended for official release as new sorghum varieties to the Ministry of Agriculture.Received: 20 November 2010; Revised: 01 August 2011; Accepted: 05 August 2011
Comparison Between Classic and Fuzzy Logic Method on Corrosion Rate of Zinc Metal in Diluted Sulphuric Acid After Nitridation Process S. Simbolon
Atom Indonesia Vol 32, No 1 (2006): January 2006
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2006.115

Abstract

Nitridation of zinc metal in DC nitridation machine by varying temperature from 150oC to 300oC and time of nitridation from 15 to 75 minutes were carried out. Nitrided zinc metal were corroded in diluted sulfuric acid solution in room temperature. The relationship between corrosion rate of zinc metal with temperature and time of nitridation were described in classic method.  The results found were not satisfied because it contained ambiguous, uncertainty and imprecision data. The relationship of two inputs and one output were also described by using Fuzzy Logic. The performance of Fuzzy Logic has been carried out through triangular, S and Z shape membership function for two inputs temperature and time respectively, and one output corrosion rate or ICorr. Meanwhile two trapezoidals and one triangular were used for output corrosion rate. Nine rules were used to perform defuzzyfication, and it was also described three dimensions relationship between temperature, time of nitridation and corrosion rate.  The results found  that maximum corrosion rates were found in the three parts, but the lowest corrosion rate was found at the middle temperature and the lowest time of nitridation as shown in the surface viewer
Monte Carlo Simulation-Based BEAMnrc Code of a 6 MV Photon Beam Produced by a Linear Accelerator (LINAC) R. Sapundani; R. Ekawati; K. M. Wibowo
Atom Indonesia Vol 47, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2021.1046

Abstract

In radiotherapy, high energy ionizing radiation, such as X-rays, gamma rays and electron beams,is used. The dose in the tissue is often approached with the dose in the medium of the body which is 80 % of human soft tissue. It is often difficult to determine the dose because the interaction of materials in a medium is very random. Measurement is also quite difficult because there are almost no detectors that are tissue equivalent. Measurement using an ion chamber requires a lot of correction to obtain a dose in the tissue, which is done using phantom and not directly in humans. This research aimed to compare the absorbed dose between modelling using Monte Carlo simulation and experiments.  The simulation of dose distribution produced by a 6 MV medical linear accelerator has been performed using BEAMnrc code running on Linux-based 2 processor system arranged in parallel.BEAMnrc was used to model and simulate the linac head with an SSD of 100 cm and Field size of10x10 cm2. A phase-space file is obtained as input to a DOSXYnrc code to produce Percent Depth Dose (PDD) in water and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantoms. New particles formed (electrons: 0.2 %, photon: 0.17 %; and positron: 0.08 %) were far from the contamination threshold of 2 %. The range of the correction factor of the depth of a maximum dose compared to the experimental data was 0.04-0.15.
Assessment of Trace Element Daily Intake Based on Consumption Rate of Foodstuffs in Bandung City E. Damastuti; W.Y.N. Syahfitri; M. Santoso; D.D. Lestiani
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.138

Abstract

Trace elements are required by human body and have a variety role in biochemical functions mostly as catalyst for enzymatic activity in human body. Some trace elements are essential since they are inadequately or not synthesized by human body. The deficiency or excess of those essential trace element may cause disease and be deleterious to health. Since food is the primary source of essential elements for humans and it is an important source of exposure to toxic elements either, the levels of trace elements in consumed food products must be determined. The determination of trace elements content in foodstuffs widely consumed in Bandung city were conducted to assess their daily intake and contribution to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) values. Food samples were collected from traditional markets spread across five regions of the Bandung city and analyzed using neutron activation analysis (NAA). Quality control of data analysis was assessed using SRM NIST 1567a Wheat Flour and 1568a Rice Flour and gave good results with % recovery, 93.2 – 104.8%; and %CV, 3.8-11.6%. A large variability of essential trace elements concentration in all types of foods analyzed were observed. The daily intake of Cr, Co, Mn, Se and Zn were supplied enough by the diet, except for Fe which found that almost all the foods analyzed were not give a satisfying contribution to the RDA value of Fe. These result were expected could provide information of nutritional status of the society and can be a reference for government and related institution to effectively making policies and solution for public health improvement.Received: 5 December 2011; Revised: 7 April 2012; Accepted: 16 April 2012
Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 43 No 1 cover cover
Atom Indonesia Vol 43, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2017.666

Abstract

Development of a PIGE-Detection System for in-situ Inspection and Quality Assurance in the Evolution of Fast Rotating Parts in High Temperature Environment Manufactured from TiAl S. Neve; H.-E. Zschau; P.J. Masset; M. Schütze
Atom Indonesia Vol 39, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2013.216

Abstract

Intermetallic γ-titanium aluminides are a promising material in high temperature technologies. Their high specific strength at temperatures above 700°C offers the possibility for their use as components of aerospace and automotive industries. With a specific weight of 50% of that of the widely used Ni-based superalloys TiAl is very suitable as material for fast rotating parts like turbine blades in aircraft engines and land based power stations or turbocharger rotors. Thus lower mechanical stresses and a reduced fuel consumption and CO2-emission are expected. To overcome the insufficient oxidation protection the halogen effect offers an innovative way. After surface doping using F-implantation or liquid phase-treatment with an F-containing solution and subsequent oxidation at high temperatures the formation of a protective alumina scale can be achieved. By using non-destructive ion beam analyses (PIGE, RBS) F was found at the metal/oxide interface. For analysis of large scale components a new vacuum chamber at the IKF was installed and became operative. With this prototype of in-situ quality assurance system for the F-doping of manufactured parts from TiAl some performance test measurements were done and presented in this paper.Received: 01 March 2013; Revised: 24 April 2013; Accepted: 25 April 2013
The Semi-Quantitative Study of Magnetization Process on Milling and Reannealing of Barium Hexaferrite (BaO.6Fe2O3) Ridwan Ridwan; Mujamilah Mujamilah; A. Johan
Atom Indonesia Vol 35, No 2 (2009): July 2009
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2009.49

Abstract

Barium hexaferrite (BaO.6Fe2O3) is as a hard magnetic material with good chemical stability which has been intensively used as permanent magnet components. Many works have been done in order to improve their magnetic properties either through chemical process or powders metallurgy technique. In this work, commercial BaO.6Fe2O3 was milled using high-energy milling machine for 10, 20 and 30 hours and followed by reannealing for 3 hours at 1000⁰C in air. X-ray diffraction pattern indicate no phase decomposition occurred caused the mill processing, annealing of milled powders recovered the crystal system and promoted crystallite growth. The magnetic hysteresis curve measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) shows the coercivity of annealed BaO.6Fe2O3 increases to two times higher than the original one. By using Jiles-Atherton model, all the hysteresis parameters Ms, k, α, a and c, have been determined adopted to the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The analyzed hysteretic parameters obtained from this work is congruent to the change of magnetic properties of as-milled and annealed powders of barium hexaferrite.Received: 16 February 2009; Revised: 1 September 2009; Accepted: 23 November 2009
Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) on Fe-Al2O3 Nano Granular Film Growth by Helicon Plasma Sputtering S. Purwanto
Atom Indonesia Vol 34, No 1 (2008): January 2008
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2008.90

Abstract

Fe-Al2O3 nanogranular thin film by helicon plasma sputtering with the variation of Fe content from 0.1 to 0.7 volume fraction have been prepared. The magnetic and magnetoresistance properties were investigated by a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and a Four Point Probe (FPP). The Rutherford BackScattering (RBS) was performed with the SIMNRA software. Conversion Electron Mossbauer Spectroscopy (CEMS) study was also performed to estimate the fraction of Fe and α-Fe2O3 in the granular film. The results suggested that the percolation concentration occured at 0.55 Fe volume fractions, with the maximum Magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of 3%. The present MR ratio that was lower than the previous results may be related to the existence of α-Fe2O3 phase.
Identification of the Second Mutation of BADH2 Gene Derived from Rice Mutant Lines Induced by Gamma Rays I. Ishak
Atom Indonesia Vol 42, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2016.479

Abstract

The BADH2 gene acts as suppressor of 2-acetyl-1-pyrolline (2AP) biosynthesis in plants. 2AP is the volatile compound which provides fragrance in rice. Biosynthesis of 2AP occurs when BADH2 loses its function as suppressor gene. Aromatic rice cultivars naturally incur mutation of  BADH2 gene at 8 bp. In this experiment, aromatic mutant rice lines derived from irradiation of Sintanur cultivar by gamma rays with dose of 100 Gy were studied in molecular level. These mutant lines were characterized at the M10 plant generation under the assumption that genetically these aromatic mutant rice lines were homozygotic. Several primers related to aroma in rice have been used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a thermal cycler instrument. Gel electrophoreses were carried out using 1.5% agarose in TAE buffer. DNA fragments at 254 bp and 355 bp (base pair) were taken and amplified by primer for nucleotide sequencing of these fragments. Molecular identification and characterization after electrophoresis showed that the mutant line from AR1020 can be differentiated from AR.1080 at 254 bp. Nucleotide sequence data from of these DNA fragments showed that point mutations (deletions and substitutions) occurred at the BADH2 gene in exon 7; those are called second mutation and were caused by gamma rays effects. The Sintanur variety was used as check cultivar and its DNA sequence was compared to that of the AR.1020 mutant line. The results from both DNA sequences (from cv. Sintanur and AR.1020) derived from fragments at 254 bp show that point mutations occurred within exon 7 and earlier stop codon occurred in the AR.1020 mutant rice line. Further, the use of EA primer in PCR resulted in detection of deletion and substitution of nucleotides in the AR.1020 mutant line.
Development of Data Acquisition and Control Software for Neutron Radiography Facility at Serpong, Indonesia Bharoto Bharoto
Atom Indonesia Vol 39, No 2 (2013): August 2013
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2013.237

Abstract

A system for data acquisition and control software for the neutron radiography facility at Serpong has been developed. The software was developed to replace the previously existing control software which was no longer used due to problems on its computer hardware. Visual Basic running under Microsoft Windows operating system was used in developing the new software. In the hardware side, the film grabber and the motor driver were replaced. In the new system, the film grabber which was used to capture the image in the old system is replaced with a programmable CCD camera. The motor driver which was used to control the camera in two directions has been replaced with a four-direction motor driver. The software is capable of displaying the images in a real time mode and record the images in the hard disk of a personal computer. To obtain optimal image quality, the software processes the captured images by performing temperature adjustment, camera exposure time adjustment, and integration of the captured image in a certain frame numbers. The software is capable of taking a number of snapshots at a certain time interval. For neutron tomography purposes, the software takes the snapshots automatically at a sample position in line with the stepping movement of the rotating sample table. The snapshots were saved in a picture format and a numeric format for further processing. The software has been successfully tested for real time method and tomography reconstruction. The data captured by using this software has been verified using both commercial and in-house computed tomography software. Received: 16 January 2013; Revised: 20 August 2013; Accepted: 23 August 2013

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