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INDONESIA
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
 74   75   76   77   78 
Tata Laksana Croup pada Anak Wenly Susanto
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.856

Abstract

Diagnosis infeksi saluran napas pada anak membutuhkan kewaspadaan klinis untuk memahami risiko obstruksi jalan napas dan kemungkinan perlunya intervensi cepat. Croup adalah infeksi saluran napas obstruktif yang paling umum pada anak-anak, sedangkan supraglotitis dan trakeitis bakteri adalah entitas klinis yang jarang. Pengenalan tanda dan gejala sangat penting untuk pencegahan morbiditas dan mortalitas.   Diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children requires keen clinical vigilance to understand the risk of airway obstruction and the possible need for prompt intervention. Croup is the most common obstructive airway infection in children, whereas supraglottitis and bacterial tracheitis are rare clinical entities. Recognition of signs and symptoms is very important to prevent morbidity and mortality. Wenly Susanto. Management of Croup in Children.
Faktor Risiko Katarak di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Astambul, Kabupaten Banjar, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia Dina Eka Martyana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 51 No 4 (2024): Oftalmologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v51i4.857

Abstract

Background. Indonesia has the highest prevalence of blindness in Southeast Asia; 81.2% are caused by cataracts. The prevalence of cataract blindness in South Kalimantan was 87.9%. Risk factors for cataracts include age, sex, comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, steroid use, history of smoking, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. This study aims to determine the risk factors and incidence of cataracts in the area of Astambul Community Health Center. Method. An observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. Primary data from January-February 2023 was collected from health center, posbindu and elderly posyandu visits. The data was analyzed with a chi square test. Results. p-value for age was p=0,046, gender p=0,251, occupation p=0,027, diabetes mellitus p=0,028, and hypertension p=0,023. Conclusion. A significant relationship between cataract incidence and age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and occupation. There is no significant relationship between cataract incidence and gender.
Insulinoma: Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Handris Yanitra; Myrna Martinus
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.858

Abstract

Insulinoma merupakan tumor pankreas yang memproduksi hormon insulin, yang terjadi pada 1-4 orang per 1 juta penduduk. Insulinoma adalah salah satu penyebab hipoglikemia yang paling umum yang terkait dengan hiperinsulinisme endogen. Gejala insulinoma antara lain berkeringat banyak (diaphoresis), berdebar, tremor, hingga penurunan kesadaran, kejang, dan koma. Pemeriksaan penunjang meliputi gula darah puasa 72 jam, C-peptide, serum insulin, skrining sulfonilurea, CT scan, dan MRI dapat membantu diagnosis. Tata laksana utama insulinoma yaitu farmakologik untuk mencegah hipoglikemia, laparoskopi pengangkatan tumor hingga pankreatektomi subtotal dan reseksi jika ditemukan metastasis.   Insulinoma is a pancreas tumor with excess production of insulin; occurs in 1-4 per 1 million population. Insulinoma is one of the most common causes of hypoglycemia associated with endogenous hyperinsulinism. Symptoms include profuse sweating (diaphoresis), palpitations, tremor, decreased consciousness, seizures, and coma. Investigations such as 72-hour fasting blood sugar, C-peptide, serum insulin, sulfonylurea screening, CT scan, and MRI can help establish the diagnosis. Treatment is pharmacological to prevent hypoglycemia, surgical removal of the tumor with a laparoscopic procedure to subtotal pancreatectomy and resection for metastases. Handris Yanitra, Myrna Martinus. Insulinoma: Diagnosis dan Management.
Giant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast Fonda R.P Silalahi; Mirton
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.859

Abstract

Phyllodes tumor is a benign but potentially malignant breast cancer. The incidence phyllodes neoplasm is only about 0.3%-1% of all breast malignancies. A large phyllodes tumor in a 35-year old female was reported. She had history a slowly growing mass in the right breast since 15 years ago and grew rapidly in the last 3 months. After infection control, a right mastectomy with resection of the pectoral muscle was performed followed with secondary closure of the defect with skin graft after 6 weeks. The tumor measured 46x49x24 cm in size and weight of 10.2 kg with malignant histopathological result; no evidence of local or distant recurrence after 3 month follow up.   Tumor phyllodes adalah kelainan payudara yang bersifat jinak, namun berpotensi ganas. Insiden tumor phyllodes sekitar 0,3%-1% dari semua tumor payudara. Dilaporkan kasus pada wanita berusia 35 tahun dengan tumor phyllodes yang berukuran sangat besar. Massa payudara kanan berukuran kecil yang tumbuh perlahan telah ada sejak 15 tahun. Dalam 3 bulan terakhir terjadi pertumbuhan massa yang cepat dan progresif. Setelah pengendalian infeksi, dilakukan mastektomi kanan dengan reseksi otot pektoralis. Selanjutnya dilakukan perawatan luka sekunder dan diikuti dengan penutupan defek dengan tandur kulit setelah 6 minggu. Didapatkan tumor berukuran 46x49x24 cm dan berat 10,2 kg dengan hasil histopatologi keganasan. Tidak ada bukti kekambuhan lokal atau jauh setelah 3 bulan tindak lanjut. Fonda RP Silalahi, Mirton. Tumor Phyllodes Payudara.
Hiponatremia dan Insufisiensi Adrenal pada Prolaktinoma David Kristianus; Rafael Eddy Setijoso
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.860

Abstract

Hiponatremia didefinisikan sebagai kadar natrium serum <135 mEq/L. Hiponatremia sering dijumpai, tetapi etiologinya sulit dipastikan. Seorang laki-laki berusia 64 tahun datang dengan keluhan lemas sejak beberapa hari. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan hiponatremia, hipoosmolalitas serum, peningkatan ekskresi natrium urin, serta peningkatan osmolalitas urin; sesuai dengan karakteristik syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Pemeriksaan hormonal serum dan MRI kepala menemukan prolaktinoma dan penurunan kortisol serum yang menandakan kondisi insufisiensi adrenal. Terapi infus NaCl dan kapsul NaCl serta hydrocortisone berhasil memperbaiki keadaan pasien, baik secara klinis maupun laboratorium.   Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium level of <135 mEq/L. Hyponatremia is a common finding but its etiology is often difffcult to be determined. A 64-year-old male came with lethargy since a few days before being admitted to the hospital. Laboratory examination revealed hyponatremia, serum hypoosmolality, increased urinary sodium excretion, and increased urine osmolality, are in accordance with the characteristics of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Serum hormonal examination and head MRI revealed a prolactinoma and decreased serum cortisol which indicated an adrenal insufficiency. NaCl infusion and oral NaCl supplementation, and hydrocortisone improved patient’s clinical condition and laboratory findings. 
Manfaat Suplementasi Mikronutrien Selama Kehamilan Josephine Herwita Atepela Brenda C.
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.861

Abstract

Seribu hari pertama kehidupan adalah periode emas yang dimulai dari konsepsi hingga anak berusia 2 tahun. Periode ini sangat penting untuk membangun pondasi bagi tumbuh kembang anak. Nutrisi maternal, yaitu nutrisi selama mempersiapkan kehamilan, hamil, dan menyusui, memiliki peran utama dalam memenuhi nutrisi 1000 hari pertama kehidupan anak.   The first thousand days of life is a golden period starts at conception until 2 years old. This period is very important for the foundation of growth and development. Maternal nutrition, which is nutrion before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and breastfeeding, has a major role for nutrition adequacy in the first 1000 days of a child’s life.
Combining Bacteriophage Lysin LYSGH15 and Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Apigenin for Treating Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in Children Muhammad Habiburrahman; Stefanus Sutopo; Delly Chipta Lestari
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.862

Abstract

Pneumonia is one of the devastating diseases that affect children under five and can result in high incidence and significant mortality rates. A substantial subset of these cases is caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a Gram-positive bacteria that can cause severe complications and even death. Additionally, antibiotic resistance complicates this problem further. In order to combat this issue, combining flavonoids and bacteriophage products may be a critical solution in decreasing morbidity and mortality rates of pneumonia. Apigenin, extracted from celery (Apium graveolens L.), which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Combined with bacteriophage lysin, it can work synergistically against infections and inflammation without being easily resisted by bacteria. This literature review focuses on the use of apigenin and phage lysin, LysGH15, as a treatment for children’s pneumonia, sourced from Google Scholar and PubMed, using several combined keywords such as “new treatment”, “children pneumonia”, “Staphylococcus aureus”, “MRSA”, “new antibacterial”, and “therapy”. Combination therapy shows potential as a new treatment candidate for children’s pneumonia.   Pneumonia dikenal sebagai salah satu penyakit paling mematikan pada anak di bawah 5 tahun, dengan insiden 156.000.000 kasus per tahun, dan angka kematian yang signifikan. Salah satu penyebab penting penyakit ini adalah bakteri Gram-positif Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), yang sering menyebabkan komplikasi dan kematian. Peningkatan resistensi S. aureus terhadap antibiotik juga memperumit kondisi ini. Kombinasi perawatan yang berasal dari produk flavonoid dan bakteriofag mungkin dapat menjadi kunci untuk menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Apigenin adalah salah satu jenis flavonoid yang dapat diekstrak dari seledri (Apium graveolans L.). Bersama dengan lisin dari bakteriofag, kedua komponen ini bekerja secara sinergis dalam kasus infeksi dan peradangan, dengan keunggulan berupa tidak mudah mengalami resistensi oleh bakteri. Tinjauan literatur berasal dari Google Scholar dan PubMed menggunakan beberapa kata kunci: “pengobatan baru”, “pneumonia anak”, “Staphylococcus aureus”, “MRSA”, “antibakteri baru”, dan “terapi” berfokus pada penggunaan apigenin dan lisin bakteriofag, LysGH15, sebagai pengobatan untuk pneumonia anak. Terapi kombinasi ini diharapkan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pengobatan pneumonia anak. 
The Role of ADMA in Various Diseases Sofna Banjarnahor; Reny Damayanti
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.863

Abstract

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Numerous studies have discovered a correlation between high plasma ADMA levels and the development of multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic renal disease, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, preeclampsia, and COVID-19. In addition, ADMA has been established as an independent cardiovascular risk factor. However, the functional interplay between ADMA and nitric oxide (NO)-mediated pathways is poorly understood, leaving the distinction between “risk factor” and “risk marker” unclear. In this review, we provide insights into the current state of knowledge regarding the pathophysiological role of ADMA in various diseases, the relationship between ADMA and endothelial dysfunction, the current analytical techniques used to determine ADMA in body fluids, and the benefits of ADMA-lowering drugs for the prevention of diseases in humans.   Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) adalah penghambat kompetitif nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Banyak penelitian menemukan hubungan antara peningkatan kadar plasma ADMA dan perkembangan berbagai penyakit, termasuk penyakit kardiovaskular, penyakit ginjal kronik, diabetes melitus, penyakit hati, preeklampsia, dan COVID-19. ADMA juga diidentifikasi sebagai faktor risiko independen untuk penyakit kardiovaskular. Namun, interaksi fungsional antara ADMA dan nitric oxide (NO) belum begitu dipahami, yang menyebabkan tidak jelasnya batasan antara “faktor risiko” dan “penanda risiko”. Tulisan ini membahas pengetahuan terbaru tentang peran patofisiologi ADMA dalam berbagai penyakit, hubungan antara ADMA dan disfungsi endotelial, teknik analisis terkini untuk pemeriksaan kadar ADMA dalam cairan tubuh, serta manfaat obat penurun ADMA untuk pencegahan penyakit pada manusia. 
Syphilis Elimination in Indonesia by 2030: Keeping in the Right Track Yudo Irawan; Edelyne Chelsea; Raymond Surya
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 4 (2023): Anak
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i4.864

Abstract

Syphilis is still a global significant public health issue, including in Indonesia. World Health Organization estimated there were 7 million new syphilis infections in 2020 globally. Ministry of Health Republik Indonesia (RI) reported a total of 76,923 new cases in 2020. World Health Organization has set an ambitious target to reduce the incidence by 90% before 2030, in spite of slow global response. Syphilis elimination target in 2030 can be achieved through good cooperation between ministry of health and relevant institutions at central, provincial, and district/city levels; increasing and expanding public access to screening, diagnosis, and treatment; intensification sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention such as health promotion, transmission prevention, surveillance, and case management; strengthening partnership and participation across sectors; increasing research and development regarding STI; and strengthening program management through monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up.   Sifilis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan publik dunia yang signifikan, termasuk di Indonesia. World Health Organization memperkirakan di dunia terdapat 7 juta kasus sifilis baru tahun 2020. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI) mencatat 76.923 kasus baru di tahun 2020. WHO telah menargetkan pengurangan insiden sebanyak 90% sebelum tahun 2030, meskipun respons global masih terbilang lambat. Target eliminasi sifilis tahun 2030 dapat dicapai melalui kerja sama yang baik antara Kemenkes RI dan institusi yang relevan di tingkat pusat, provinsi, dan kota/kabupaten; meningkatkan dan memperluas akses publik ke skrining, diagnosis, dan tata laksana; intensifikasi pencegahan IMS melalui promosi kesehatan, pencegahan transmisi, surveilans, dan manajemen kasus; memperkuat kerja sama dan partisipasi lintas sektoral; meningkatkan penelitian dan perkembangan terkait IMS; serta memperkuat manajemen program melalui monitoring, evaluasi, dan follow up. 
Severe Malaria with Multiple Complications Andrio Palayukan; Nisan Soeheri
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 51 No 2 (2024): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v51i2.865

Abstract

Background: Malaria is still a major global health concern with a high mortality rate. The clinical spectrums of malaria range from mild to life-threatening. Case: A 25-year-old male with weakness, fever, and anuria. Physical examination showed febris, jaundice, and abdominal tenderness at the right upper quadrant. Laboratory findings revealed Plasmodium falciparum hyperparasitemia with increased total bilirubin and creatinine levels. Diagnosis of severe falciparum malaria with multiple complications (cholecystitis, acute kidney injury, and anemia) was established. Intravenous antimalarial and antibiotics were administered along with hemodialysis. The patient was discharged after 11 days of treatment with the improvement of clinical status and laboratory parameters. Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of malaria is necessary to detect complications and appropriate management.

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