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Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3090630X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
The Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health (MICTOPH) is an annual international conference organized by the Faculty of Public Health (FKM), Universitas Mulawarman. This event serves as a platform to gather and integrate diverse, constructive, and comprehensive ideas, concepts, and perspectives. The outcomes of these discussions and presentations aim to form the foundation for addressing and solving various challenges in the field of public health, particularly those related to tropical regions. Through collaboration and knowledge exchange, MICTOPH strives to contribute to the advancement of public health research and practices.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 180 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH" : 180 Documents clear
Description of Airborne Microbial Counts in Operating Rooms at Hospitals in East Kalimantan, 2024 Veronika, Rika; Sedionoto, Blego; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Air quality in operating rooms is a crucial factor in preventing postoperative infections (operating Site Infections). One of the main indicators for assessing air quality is the airborne bacterial count, which indicates the number of microorganisms in the air (CFU/m³). Objective : This study aims to describe the airborne bacterial count in operating rooms across several hospitals in East Kalimantan in 2024. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : descriptive design Results : Based on the measurements, 100% of empty operating rooms, 80% of operating rooms in use, and 75% of ultraclean operating rooms did not meet the required standards. Hospital F (IKN) recorded the highest airborne bacterial count at 477 CFU/m³, while the lowest was found at Hospital D (Kutai Kertanegara) with 5 CFU/m³. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The results showed that most operating rooms did not meet the air quality standards as stipulated in the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023.
Sanitation Quality of Decks and Passenger Cabins on Passenger Ships at Samarinda Port Adadikam, Rico Fernando Agaki; Sedionoto, Blego; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Passenger ships play an essential role in transportation across eastern Indonesia. However, poor sanitation and hygiene conditions onboard can increase the risk of environmental disease transmission, especially in confined spaces with limited air circulation and clean water supply. Objective : This study aimed to describe the sanitation quality of decks and passenger cabins on passenger ships arriving and departing from Samarinda Port, East Kalimantan. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research used a quantitative descriptive method with an observational approach. The study was conducted on three passenger ships KM. Aditya, KM. Prince Soya, and KM. Queen Soya. The observed variables included deck sanitation and passenger cabin sanitation using a ship sanitation observation checklist. Data were collected twice, during ship arrival and before departure, and analyzed univariately to determine the frequency distribution of sanitation conditions. Results : The results showed that upon arrival, only one ship (33.3%) met the deck sanitation requirements, while two ships (66.7%) did not. All ships (100%) failed to meet sanitation standards for passenger cabins. However, before departure, all ships (100%) complied with sanitation requirements for both decks and passenger cabins. This indicates a significant improvement after routine cleaning was conducted prior to departure. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The sanitation conditions of passenger ships at Samarinda Port remain inadequate upon arrival but improve after pre-departure cleaning. Continuous supervision, daily maintenance, and routine inspections are necessary to maintain ship hygiene and prevent disease transmission in the ship environment.
Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Health, and Artificial Intelligence: A Bibliometric Analysis Adi, M. Bakti Samsu
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The rapid development of artificial intelligence is driving integration across various areas of life. The demands of the digital era, which focus on efficiency, speed, and accuracy, have led to a shift in several research trends toward digitalization. Environmental monitoring, which aims to monitor environmental health status on a broader scale, is also integrating with artificial intelligence. Objective : This bibliometric analysis aims to obtain an overview of research trends in environmental monitoring and health combined with artificial intelligence. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method used was a bibliometric analysis of publications searched using the Scopus and Web of Science search engines. The keywords used were “environmental monitoring” or “environmental assessment” and “environmental health” and “artificial intelligence.” Bibliometric data were visualized and interpreted using the VOSviewer application. Results : After screening, 37 documents were included in the bibliometric analysis. The analysis results show that research trends related to environmental monitoring tend toward themes related to contamination, role, sensors, and accuracy. In environmental health, research trends tend toward the themes of strategy, control, accuracy, issue, and site. AI themes are related to environmental monitoring and environmental health. AI trends related to healthcare include health risk assessment, human health, and food safety. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The theme of accuracy represents a point of convergence that is directing research toward obtaining valid data for environmental and health assessments.
Pyrethroid Resistance in Aedes Mosquitoes in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Systematic Review 2005-2025 Purnama, Shalvira; Anggraini, Fitria Dewi Puspita; Zubaidah, Mona; Rahma, Khairunnida
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides remain the primary vector control strategy for Aedes sp. mosquitoes, the principal vectors of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Understanding regional resistance patterns is crucial for effective vector management programs in endemic areas. Objective : To systematically review and synthesize evidence on pyrethroid insecticide resistance status in Aedes sp. populations in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, from 2005 to 2025. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Multiple databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Indonesian Publication Index, and grey literature sources were searched from January 2005 to October 2025. Studies reporting pyrethroid resistance in Aedes sp. from East Kalimantan were included. Data extraction followed PICO framework: Population (Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus), Intervention (pyrethroid exposure), Comparison (susceptible strains), and Outcome (resistance status, mortality rates, knockdown times, molecular markers). Quality assessment was performed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results : Eight studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing data from multiple districts in East Kalimantan. Confirmed pyrethroid resistance was documented in Ae. aegypti populations across the province. Permethrin resistance ratios (RR50) ranged from 4.08× to 127×, while deltamethrin resistance ranged from 4.37× to 72.20×. Banjarmasin populations showed mortality rates of 51.67% to permethrin and 68.33% to deltamethrin. High frequencies of kdr mutations (F1534C and V1016G) were detected, along with elevated metabolic enzyme activities. Synergist assays demonstrated significant involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases in resistance mechanisms. Conclusion/Lesson Learned :High-level pyrethroid resistance is widespread in Aedes aegypti across East Kalimantan, driven by both kdr and metabolic mechanisms, compromising current vector control efforts. Immediate adoption of insecticide resistance management—such as rotation, synergist use, and integrated vector management—is essential to restore control effectiveness and reduce dengue transmission risk.
Potential Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil from Coal Mine Waste Exploration in Reducing Pathogenic Microbial Content Dhefiana, Tika; Sedionoto, Blego; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Adsorbents are porous solids that can bind and absorb substances from liquids or gases, serving to remove contaminants. Adsorbents are classified into porous and non-porous types (Dewi & Sa’diyah, 2024). Clay minerals such as kaolinite, montmorillonite, and bentonite are highly potential as natural adsorbent media for reducing pathogenic microorganisms in domestic wastewater. Clay also acts as a mechanical filtration medium that traps bacteria, viruses, or protozoa as wastewater passes through, and the use of physical or chemical activation can reduce the content of pathogenic microbes by more than 90% (Sedionoto et al., 2022). Assessing cation exchange capacity and clay content is very important for research on the use of clay in liquid domestic waste treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the cation exchange capacity parameters of coal mine exploration waste soil in adsorbing E. coli pathogenic microbes. This study is a laboratory experiment aimed at analyzing the physical and chemical quality of coal mine exploration waste soil in its ability to reduce E. coli pathogenic microbes. The study was conducted during September-October 2025. The research samples were coal mine exploration waste soils in the Samarinda City area of East Kalimantan, originating from depths of 1 meter and 2 meters below the soil surface. The results showed that coal mine exploration waste soil at a depth of 1 meter had a cation exchange capacity of 24.33 meq/100 g, while coal mine exploration waste soil at a depth of 2 meters had a cation exchange capacity of 31.79 meq/100 g. The clay parameter value obtained at a depth of 1 meter was 21%, while at a depth of 2 meters, the clay value was 13%. Based on the analysis results, the soil texture at a depth of 1 meter was classified as loam, while the soil texture at a depth of 2 meters was classified as silt. In general, coal mine exploration waste soil from a depth of 2 meters shows a higher CEC than that from a depth of 1 meter, even though the clay content is lower. Based on the analyzed physical parameters of the soil, the depth of 1 meter (loam) has a higher proportion of clay, while the depth of 2 meters (silt) has a lower proportion of clay. This data can be used as a basis for further experiments to examine the reduction capacity of E. coli pathogenic microbes, with the potential for differences in adsorption capacity between the two depths related to differences in CEC and soil texture.
Disparities in Household Waste Management Achievement under Community-Based Total Sanitation Pillar 4 in Samarinda City, 2024 - 2025 Masiroh, Riana Embun; Sedionoto, Blego; Ningsih, Riyan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Implementation of Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) Pillar 4 in Samarinda shows varied household waste management achievements influenced by demographic and infrastructural conditions. Objective : This study aims to analyze disparities in waste management implementation and provide strategic recommendations to support the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) targets. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive quantitative approach using secondary STBM recapitulation data from Samarinda City (2025) and East Kalimantan Province (2024–2025). Disparities were identified through comparative percentage analysis across sub-districts. Results : City-wide performance reached 72%, with substantial differences between sub-districts due to variations in infrastructure capacity, population density, and environmental practices. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Addressing disparities requires targeted location based interventions, strengthened cross-sector collaboration, and the development of community waste management infrastructure, particularly 3R processing units an
Systematic Review: Analysis of the Relationship Between Benzene Exposure and the Incidence of Anemia Among Workers Rachmawati, Ayudhia; Sugiarto, Danang Wahansa
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Benzene is a volatile organic compound widely used in industrial sectors such as petrochemicals, paints, solvents, and the manufacture of rubber and plastics. Continuous exposure to benzene vapor in occupational settings can disrupt the hematopoietic system, leading to anemia. Objective : This review was systematically conducted to examine the relationship between benzene exposure and the incidence of anemia among industrial workers. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Literature sources were obtained from three databases: PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Science Direct, with publication years limited to 2020–2025. Included articles were English-language, full-text publications that reported observational or experimental studies assessing the hematopoietic effects of benzene leading to anemia. Results : The search yielded three studies meeting the inclusion criteria, all conducted in China and Iran. The main findings indicated that low-level benzene exposure (<1 ppm) significantly reduced erythrocyte and leukocyte counts. Additionally, genetic variations in the ATM and H2AX genes were associated with increased susceptibility to hematological abnormalities among individuals exposed to BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene). Elevated expression of microRNA Let-7e-5p was suggested to play a role in disrupting apoptosis and cell proliferation in bone marrow, contributing to hematopoietic dysfunction. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Overall, the reviewed evidence demonstrates that benzene’s hematotoxic effects can occur even at very low exposure levels. These findings highlight the importance of workplace environmental monitoring, consistent use of personal protective equipment, and routine blood examinations to enable early detection of anemia resulting from chronic benzene exposure
Food Hygiene and Sanitation at Beluluq Lingau Thematic Market(Dayak Market), Samarinda City, 2025 Puspitasari, Karolina; Ningsih, Riyan; Sedionoto, Blego
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The hygiene and sanitation conditions of traditional markets are essential for ensuring community food safety. The Beluluq Lingau Thematic Market in Samarinda City promotes local Dayak culture and offers both general and traditional East Kalimantan foods Objective : This study aimed to describe food hygiene and sanitation conditions at Beluluq Lingau Market and to assess microbiological quality based on the coliform parameter Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research used an analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were total sampling from 6 food stalls and 10 food handlers. Data were collected through observation and interviews using inspection form from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (Peraturan Pemerintah No. 66/2014). Microbiological analysis was conducted on seven food samples using secondary data from Puskesmas Sempaja from routine monitoring with sanitarian kit. The parameters tested included total coliform and Escherichia coli. Results : Result showed that 50% of food stalls did not meet hygiene and sanitation requirements. The unmet aspects included covered waste bins (100%), use of masks and aprons (100%), and vector control (100%). A total of five out of seven food samples (71.4%) tested positive for coliform, with bacterial counts exceeding 100, two negative samples were traditional snacks wrapped in plastic and leaves. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Food stalls at the Beluluq Lingau Market still require improvement in hygiene and sanitation to prevent microbiological contamination. Strengthening food safety training and ensuring the availability of sanitation facilities such as food covers during serving, personal protective equipment, and covered waste bins are essential
Analysis of Environmental Health Quality Supervision Training forEnvironmental Sanitation Officers at Public Health Centers and theSamarinda City Health Office Andriani, Rima
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health states that to achieve the highest attainable standard of public health, health efforts must be carried out in an integrated and comprehensive manner through individual and community health services. Environmental health is an effort to prevent diseases or health disorders caused by environmental risk factors (physical, chemical, biological, and social). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct training on environmental health quality supervision for Environmental Sanitation Officers at Public Health Centers (PHC). These officers are health human resources who specifically perform environmental sanitation tasks. Consequently, capacity building for Environmental Sanitation Officers is essential to ensure their professionalism and to support the effective implementation of environmental health programs at PHC in accordance with national performance indicators. Objective : To assess the difference in sanitation knowledge scores before and after the environmental health quality supervision training among Environmental Sanitation Officers at PHC and the Samarinda City Health Department. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This study employed a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results : Among the 30 respondents, 7 were male and 23 were female. The results indicated an increase in knowledge scores after the training compared to before. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant effect of the training on the sanitation officers’ knowledge, with a p-value of 0.001 (< 0.05). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : There was a significant difference in sanitation officers’ knowledge before and after the environmental health supervision training at PHC and the Samarinda City Health Department, indicating that the training had a positive impact.
The Lead (Pb) Concentration in Oysters and the Un-Safe Health Risk inCommunities around Coastal areas Balikpapan, East Kalimantan Febriani, Bekti Ananda; Sedionoto, Blego; Almahdi, Ismail Fahmi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : The hygiene and sanitation conditions of traditional markets are essential for ensuring community food safety. The Beluluq Lingau Thematic Market in Samarinda City promotes local Dayak culture and offers both general and traditional East Kalimantan foods Objective : This study aimed to describe food hygiene and sanitation conditions at Beluluq Lingau Market and to assess microbiological quality based on the coliform parameter Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research used an analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were total sampling from 6 food stalls and 10 food handlers. Data were collected through observation and interviews using inspection form from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (Peraturan Pemerintah No. 66/2014). Microbiological analysis was conducted on seven food samples using secondary data from Puskesmas Sempaja from routine monitoring with sanitarian kit. The parameters tested included total coliform and Escherichia coli. Results : Result showed that 50% of food stalls did not meet hygiene and sanitation requirements. The unmet aspects included covered waste bins (100%), use of masks and aprons (100%), and vector control (100%). A total of five out of seven food samples (71.4%) tested positive for coliform, with bacterial counts exceeding 100, two negative samples were traditional snacks wrapped in plastic and leaves. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Food stalls at the Beluluq Lingau Market still require improvement in hygiene and sanitation to prevent microbiological contamination. Strengthening food safety training and ensuring the availability of sanitation facilities such as food covers during serving, personal protective equipment, and covered waste bins are essential

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