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INDONESIA
Jurnal VARIDIKA
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 08520976     EISSN : 24603953     DOI : 10.23917
Core Subject : Education,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other
Journal Varidika is an open access journal published by Lembaga Pengembangan Publikasi dan Buku Ajar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, twice a year (June and December). The journal focus on both empirical and literature studies in educational field, specifically on HOTS-based education, distance learning, digital technology in education, character and culture based education, and STEAM-based education.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Pendidikan
Articles 41 Documents
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Exploring Lecturers' Perceptions of First Language Influence on English Adjective Order Acquisition among EFL Learners Prastikawati, Entika Fani; Adeoye, Moses Adeleke
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 1, March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i1.13287

Abstract

The influence of first language (L1) on acquiring English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is a vital area of inquiry, particularly regarding specific grammatical structures such as adjective order. The purpose of this research is to systematically identify and explain how learners’ first languages affect the acquisition of English adjective order, and to provide evidence-based insights that can inform targeted instructional strategies for addressing L1-related difficulties in EFL teaching. This study adopted a quantitative research approach using a structured questionnaire designed around the research questions on EFL lecturers’ perceptions of first language (L1) influence on English adjective order, the effectiveness of teaching strategies in mitigating L1 interference, and the integration of L1 awareness into teaching and assessment practices. Statistical analyses were employed to summaries responses, identify patterns of agreement, and test differences across lecturer characteristics, ensuring objective and systematic interpretation of the data. The findings revealed distinct error patterns associated with L1 influence, indicating that learners from various language backgrounds encounter unique challenges in mastering English adjective order. Furthermore, the research introduced the concept of Adaptive Language Instruction, advocating for instructional strategies tailored to the specific linguistic profiles of learners. In conclusion, this study contributes to the field by offering a detailed understanding of the L1 influence on adjective order and practical teaching strategies that enhance EFL instruction. By integrating L1 awareness into teaching practices, educators can better support learners in navigating L1-related challenges, ultimately improving their English proficiency.
Learning Innovations after the COVID-19 Pandemic; Educators Creativity in Conducting Teaching in Indonesia Nurhidayat, Nurhidayat; Joko Prayitno, Harun; Ratih, Koesoemo; Fahmi Johansyah, Muhammad; Al Fattah, Habib; Puspa Dewi
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 1, March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i1.13798

Abstract

This study is intended to describe the learning innovations that teachers make during and after the emergency remote teaching in Indonesia. Distance learning that was suddenly implemented due to the Covid-19 pandemic had a broad impact on all aspects of education. It is qualitative research with steps of collecting data through observation and interviews, whether structured or unstructured, documentation, and visual materials. The data were analyzed using grounded theory.  The results showed that there were innovations in methods, development of teaching materials, and teachers-parents communication. Before the pandemic, communication between teachers and parents was mostly done only once a semester, but now teachers communicate with parents more often. Learning methods also vary by integrating various media. Media is no longer just using whiteboards or projectors, but more variations of media are used by teachers. Teaching materials are no longer only from one learning source but are obtained from more varied learning sources.
Students' Perceptions of Augmented Reality Based Student Worksheets on Circle Geometry Wulandari, Trisna; Susanti, Ely; Hiltrimartin, Cecil
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.13592

Abstract

This study aimed to describe students’ perceptions of the use of Augmented Reality (AR)-based student worksheets in learning circle geometry. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed. The participants were 30 eleventh-grade students from a senior high school in Palembang selected using convenience sampling, as they were directly involved in learning activities using AR-based worksheets. Data were collected through a 20-item Likert-scale questionnaire covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor/social aspects. Students’ responses were analyzed descriptively by calculating the percentage of response frequencies for each Likert-scale category and aspect to identify overall perception trends. The results indicated that most students expressed positive perceptions of AR-based student worksheets, particularly in supporting conceptual understanding, learning engagement, and classroom interaction. However, a considerable proportion of neutral responses was also observed, especially in the affective aspect, indicating variation in students’ emotional engagement. Overall, AR-based student worksheets were perceived as a supportive learning medium for circle geometry learning within the context of this study.
Students’ Perceptions of Role-Playing Games in Mathematics Learning: A Descriptive Study Nurrosyadah, Naqiyyah; Susanti, Ely; Somakim
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.13600

Abstract

This study aims to describe students’ perceptions of the use of a role-playing game (RPG), Arithmetic Adventure: The Mystery of Polaria Village, in mathematics learning on arithmetic sequences and series. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed, involving 34 tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 10 Palembang selected through purposive sampling based on their participation in RPG-based learning activities. Data were collected using a closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaire covering four aspects: motivation and engagement, perceived learning effectiveness, social interaction and collaboration, and challenges encountered during learning. Content validity was established through expert judgment, while instrument reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients ranging from 0.77 to 0.91, indicating acceptable to excellent internal consistency. Descriptive analysis showed that students perceived the RPG positively in terms of motivation, engagement, and learning effectiveness, while challenges related to technical constraints and game complexity were reported at a moderate level. The integration of narrative-based gameplay with mathematical thinking stages—specializing, generalizing, conjecturing, and convincing—was perceived as supporting students’ reasoning and problem-solving processes. These findings suggest that RPG-based learning can serve as a meaningful and engaging instructional medium in mathematics, although its implementation requires careful design considerations and adequate technical support.
Enhancing Conceptual Understanding in Geometry of Curved Solids: A Constructivist Philosophy Approach through Interactive E-Module for Secondary School Students Santosa, Yoga Tegar; Hastuti, Windi; Ismiyati, Ismiyati; Ferdianto, Juli; Kholid, Muhammad Noor
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.13706

Abstract

Conceptual understanding is a crucial aspect of mathematics learning. However, in practice, students’ mathematical conceptual understanding often tends to be low. One potential solution is the implementation of an interactive e-module grounded in constructivist philosophy to facilitate deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. This study aims to examine the influence of using a constructivist-philosophy-based interactive e-module on students’ conceptual understanding in geometry of curved solids at the secondary school level. The research employed a quantitative quasi-experimental approach with a pretest–posttest non-equivalent control group design. The participants consisted of 62 ninth-grade students from a public junior secondary school in Boyolali Regency, Indonesia, who were divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a conceptual understanding test that was validated and demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.82). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. The Mann–Whitney U test revealed a significant difference in post-test scores between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.001), with the experimental group achieving a higher median score (75) than the control group (55.5). The effect size analysis indicated a strong practical effect (r = 0.77), suggesting that the observed difference was not only statistically significant but also educationally meaningful. These findings indicate that the constructivist-philosophy-based interactive e-module was effective in supporting the enhancement of students’ conceptual understanding of geometry of curved solids. Furthermore, students who learned the material using the e-module demonstrated significantly better conceptual understanding than those who did not. These findings can serve as a reference for teachers in selecting appropriate digital learning media, while also contributing to the development of mathematics learning innovations oriented towards constructivism.
Development of an Integrated Inquiry Learning Model Using a Deep Learning Approach in Elementary School Mustikasari, Lindy; Sumartiningsih, Sri; Sumarni, Woro
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.14105

Abstract

This research was motivated by the urgency of improving the quality of education and learning outcomes for elementary school students to ensure they are relevant to 21st-century competencies. The primary objective of this study was to validate the Inquiry Learning (IL) development model combined with the Deep Learning (DL) approach and to test its effectiveness on students' cognitive learning outcomes. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) framework, involving fifth-grade students in five elementary schools as research subjects. Data were collected through expert validation instruments, observations, and learning outcome tests (pre-test and post-test), which were then analyzed using N-Gain inferential statistics. The results showed that the IL-DL model was deemed highly valid and practical by experts and practitioners. Key findings revealed a significant improvement in cognitive learning outcomes; in a small-scale trial, the completion rate jumped dramatically from 30% in the pre-test to 95% in the post-test. This consistent effectiveness was reinforced by a large-scale trial, with a completion rate of 94.6%. Furthermore, the average N-Gain Score (g) of 0.78 (High category) and the effectiveness level of 78.54% (Effective category) confirm that the synergy between structured inquiry and in-depth learning successfully mitigates the phenomenon of shallow learning. This study concludes that the IL-DL model is a transformative solution worthy of adoption to improve the quality of learning and student competencies in elementary schools.
Single Subject Research in Mathematics Education: Systematic Literature Review in The Indonesian Context Arvianto, Ilham Rais; Nofiansyah, Wahyu; Fadila, Abi
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.14195

Abstract

Several literature reviews related to Single Subject Research (SSR) have been reported, but none have re-ported a systematic literature review of SSR in mathematics learning in Indonesia. Therefore, this Systematic Literature Review (SLR) study will report the results of SSR reviews in mathematics learning in Indonesia. There are five research questions to be answered regarding trends, designs, subject characteristics, learning materials, and types of intervention and target changes from SSR. Following the PRISMA flow, 561 articles were identified from three databases (Dimensions, ERIC, and SINTA), then through the screening stage, and finally 53 articles were included for review. The results of the review, in the form of data extraction from each article, were mapped and analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the study found that (1) the trend of SSR publications has increased significantly, peaking in 2023, despite fluctuations in some years, (2) the ABA reversal is the most dominant SSR design used, (3) the most dominant characteristics of subjects involved in this SSR are sensory disabilities and special-needs schools, (4) the materials most commonly used in SSR are numbers and operations, and (5) interventions in SSR mostly use learning media or technology, and most target changes in specific mathematical skills. These results recommend expanding the application of SSR to various topics and levels with more complex designs and technology-based interventions in real contexts, in order to support inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable mathematics learning.
Self-Regulated Learning for Vocational Students’ Inductive Thinking in Solving Contextual Geometric-Sequence Problems Sari, Ragista Maya; Nurcahyo, Adi; Swastika, Annisa
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.15096

Abstract

Contextual problems play an important role in learning in vocational high schools because they connect mathematical concepts with real-life situations relevant to students. However, studies that specifically examine vocational high school students’ inductive thinking skills in solving contextual mathematical problems, particularly in geometric sequences, viewed from the level of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), are still limited. This study aims to analyze the inductive thinking abilities of vocational high school students in solving contextual geometric sequence problems based on their SRL levels. A qualitative approach with descriptive analysis was employed. The research subjects consisted of 33 eleventh-grade students from the Accounting and Institutional Finance class at SMK Negeri 1 Boyolali. The results showed that 3 students were categorized as having high SRL, 24 students had moderate SRL, and 6 students had low SRL. Analysis of students’ responses revealed that students with high SRL were able to meet all indicators of inductive reasoning, namely observing regularities, identifying patterns, and formulating generalizations. Students with moderate SRL were able to observe regularities and identify patterns but experienced difficulties in formulating generalizations. Meanwhile, students with low SRL were only able to observe regularities. These findings indicate that SRL levels influence students’ inductive thinking abilities. This research revealing students’ characteristics and difficulties at each inductive reasoning indicator based on SRL levels within the context of geometric sequences in vocational high schools, as well as providing practical implications for teachers in designing more effective contextual mathematics learning.
Meaningful Ethnoscience Integrated Problem-Based Learning for Analytical Thinking and Curiosity Pradana, Sendy Putra; Nurdiana, Herning; Antony, Muhammad Khoirul; Ramadhan, Ahmad Naharuddin; Sianturi, Advend Sri Rizki
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 2, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i2.15213

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) integrated with meaningful learning and ethnoscience in enhancing analytical thinking and curiosity among junior high school students. The study was motivated by low student engagement and the dominance of conventional teacher-centered instruction that lacks contextualization and incorporation of local knowledge. A quantitative quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed, involving 60 eight-grade students divided into experimental and control classes. Analytical thinking was assessed through a validated essay test, while curiosity was measured using an observation checklist, both demonstrating adequate validity and reliability. Data analysis included normality and homogeneity tests, independent samples t-tests, and Pearson correlation. Results indicated a significant improvement in analytical thinking in the experimental class compared to the control (t = –33.289, p < .001), and curiosity was also significantly higher (t = –20.079, p < .001). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was found between analytical thinking and curiosity (r = 0.801, p < .001), indicating that curiosity accounts for approximately 64.16% of the variance in analytical thinking. These findings confirm that integrating PBL, meaningful learning, and ethnoscience effectively improves students’ analytical thinking, as indicated by a high N-Gain in the experimental class (0.703) compared to a low N-Gain in the control class (0.206), and increases students’ curiosity, as shown by higher posttest mean scores in the experimental group than in the control group. The study implies that educators should adopt problem-based learning contextualized with local knowledge to improve science learning quality and 21st-century competencies.
Exploration of Mathematical Concepts in Slobog Solo Batik Motifs Novani, Jihan; Nurcahyo, Adi; Setyaningsih, Rini
Jurnal VARIDIKA Volume 38 No 3, September 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/varidika.v38i3.15089

Abstract

Previous ethnomathematics studies on Indonesian batik have largely concentrated on widely recognized motifs, resulting in limited scholarly attention to several classical motifs that possess distinctive visual and philosophical characteristics. Batik Slobog Solo is one such motif that remains underexplored from a mathematical perspective. This study aims to investigate and describe the mathematical concepts embedded within the Batik Slobog Solo motif as a foundation for developing culturally contextualized mathematics learning. The research adopts a qualitative design employing an ethnographic approach, with data collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation at the Danar Hadi Batik Museum in Surakarta. The exploration process follows four guiding questions: “Where do I start looking?”, “How do I find it?”, “How do I know that I have found something significant?”, and “How to understand it?”. The findings indicate that Batik Slobog Solo embodies various mathematical concepts, including plane geometry and transformational geometry, arithmetic patterns represented through square numbers and arithmetic sequences, as well as discrete mathematics concepts involving tiling and graph theory. These concepts are reflected in the repetition, regularity, spatial relationships, and systematic arrangement of motif elements. The results demonstrate that Batik Slobog Solo has substantial potential as a culturally grounded instructional resource that supports meaningful mathematics learning. This study contributes to ethnomathematics literature by expanding the scope of mathematical analysis on less-explored batik motifs and emphasizes the importance of integrating local cultural heritage into mathematics education to enhance conceptual understanding while promoting cultural preservation.

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