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Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Gedung Graha Medika Lt. 1, Ruang 104
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 02169347     EISSN : 23380772     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
JKB contains articles from research that focus on basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, and preventive medicine (social medicine).
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)" : 13 Documents clear
Anal Extrusion of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Case Report and Review of Literature Farhad Bal'afif; Donny Wisnu Wardhana; Tommy Alfandy Nazwar; Novia Ayuning Nastiti
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.13

Abstract

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt is a commonly performed surgical procedure and offers a good result in the treatment of hydrocephalus. In general, 25% of the complication rate of this surgical procedure is abdominal complications. Anal extrusion of a peritoneal catheter is a rare complication ranging from 0.1 to 0.7% of all shunt surgeries. This study presents a rare case of anal extrusion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a 1-year-old female child who was asymptomatic. The physical examination revealed swelling and redness along the shunt tract on the retro auricular region, soft abdomen, and no catheter was observed in the anal. This study found several contributing factors affecting the complications in the anal extrusion of a peritoneal catheter, that are thin bowel wall in children and sharp tip and stiff end of VP shunt. The shunt should be disconnected from the abdominal wall, and the lower end should be removed through the rectum by colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy/proctoscopy or by applying gentle traction on the protruding tube. This study concludes that due to potentially life-threatening consequences and case rarity, thorough anamnesis, physical examination, and objective investigation are needed to determine the appropriate management for anal extrusion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. 
Correlation between Ascites and Total Lymphocyte Count with Occurrence of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Liver Cirrhosis Patients Ratna Adelia Pravitasari
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.3

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is brain dysfunction manifested as a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities caused by hepatic insufficiency or portosystemic shunting due to portal hypertension. Portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis also causes ascites, as the most common clinical manifestation. Further, immune dysfunction, one of which is decreased total lymphocyte count (TLC), happens at liver cirrhosis, which triggers the systemic inflammatory response. This systemic inflammatory response plays a role in HE. Objective of this study is to know the correlation between ascites and TLC with occurence of HE in liver cirrhosis patient. This study was conducted by retrospective cohort design in Saiful Anwar Hospital. Determination of sample amount at this study used total sampling method. Hepatic encephalopathy diagnosis was based on West Haven Criteria. Ascites was determined by physical examination and/or abdominal ultasonography. Total lymphocyte count data was taken from medical record, with complete blood count examination used XS-800i hematology analyzer machine. Data were analyzed using a logistic regression test, with p<0.05 was considered significant and Confidence Interval (CI) 95%. Seventy-eight liver cirrhosis patients were observed using a retrospective cohort method regarding the HE occurrence, and physical examination for ascites and laboratory examination were performed. The statistical analysis result of the correlation between ascites and HE is significant with an odds ratio of 5.108 and CI of 1.36-19.25. On the other hand, TLC has no significant correlation with the occurrence of HE. Based on this analysis result, it is concluded that ascites has a correlation with HE, but TLC does not. 
Relationship between Assertive Communication and Cyber-​​bullying in Adolescents Ira Kusumawaty; Yunike Yunike; Sujati Ni Ketut
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.7

Abstract

The mandatory use of online facilities during the Covid-19 period has a great opportunity to increase the problem of cyber bullying at all levels of education. The concept of assertiveness cannot be separated from cyber bullying and it is known that communicating assertively can prevent cyber bullying even though it is difficult to implement. The complexity of the psychological problems of victims of cyber bullying requires comprehensive management. This analytical descriptive study with a cross sectional approach aims to analyze the relationship between assertive communication and cyber bullying by involving 151 student participants and high school students in Palembang. The data was collected using an assertive scale and a cyber-bullying scale, which was distributed online using a Google form.  From Kendall's tau-b statistical test, it is known that there is a relationship between assertive communication and cyber bullying (p=0.026). It is recommended that the education sector implement self-awareness, empathy, assertive communication and conflict resolution training to prevent the increasing number of cyber bullying's victim. The academic and managerial sectors are expected to facilitate promotion through educational media about using online facilities intelligently by respecting human dignity.
Penoscrotal Hypospadias, A 4- Year Follow-Up Danu Caraka Alam; Dodo Wikanto
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.6

Abstract

Penoscrotal hypospadias, a severe congenital abnormality, can interfere with urinary, sexual, and aesthetic functions. This paper reports a 2-year follow-up of a penoscrotal hypospadias after urethroplasty using the Koyanagi-Nonomura technique. After surgery, there are some complication of urethrocutaneus fistula and infectio. This patient undergoes urethrocutaneus fistula repair and chateter was inserted into the new urethra which was resulted in normal urination function and penis size.
Factors Associated with Fatigue in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review Firman Prastiwi; Titin Andri Wihastuti; Dina Dewi Sartika Lestari Ismail
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.12

Abstract

Fatigue is the primary complaint most frequently reported by patients on hemodialysis. The importance of knowing the factors related to fatigue is a strategy that can be carried out by health workers in optimally applying interventions to reduce patient fatigue problems. This systematic review aimed to determine the factors associated with fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The systematic review method began by identifying research articles in the Pubmed, ProQuest, Ebsco, and ScienceDirect databases in 2011–2020. Review protocol was using PRISMA. Based on the results of the analysis, it was obtained 23 articles that discussed demographic factors, physiological factors, socioeconomic factors, situational factors, and psychological factors that could be associated with fatigue in hemodialysis patients. There is much to learn about fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis, including causative factors, assessment of severity, and effective management of fatigue so that it can be used as a benchmark for determining appropriate interventions.
Effect of Artemisia vulgaris Extract on Granzyme Expression and Tumor Mass Diameter (Study of Adriamycin Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Adenocarcinoma Mammae C3H Mice Model) Gery Rifano Hardanto; Selamat Budijitno; Hardian Hardian
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.1

Abstract

Breast cancer incident continues to increase globally. The surgical management can be combined with other therapeutic modalities, including chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy, such as Artemisia vulgaris (AV). This study aimed to determine the effect of AV extract on Granzyme expression and tumor mass diameter growth of C3H mice with adenocarcinoma mammae. Twenty-four female C3H mice were randomly divided into groups of K (control), P1 (AC chemotherapy), P2 (AV extract), and P3 (combination). Adenocarcinoma mammae were inoculated from donor mice. Two cycles of chemotherapy by Adriamycin 0.18 mg and Cyclophosphamide 1.8 mg were given intravenously, while Artemisia vulgaris 13 mg (0.2 ml) was given orally once per day. Granzyme expression was assessed using immunohistochemical staining, while tumor mass diameter growth was measured using tumor calipers. There was a significant negative correlation between and tumor mass diameter growth (p=0,001 and r=-0,911). Artemisia vulgaris increases the apoptotic effects of Adriamycin-Cyclophosphamide chemotherapy by increasing Granzyme expression and decreasing tumor mass diameter growth in adenocarcinoma mammae C3H mice.
Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients Coinfected with Tuberculosis in Bumi Wonorejo Health Centre and Santo Rafael Clinic Nabire, Papua Tri Nury Kridaningsih; Mirna Widiyanti; Setyo Adiningsih; Hotma Martogi Lorensi Hutapea; Eva Fitriana; Evi Iriani Natalia
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.10

Abstract

HIV-TB co-infection still becomes a health problem in Indonesia, including in Nabire district, Papua province, which has the highest number of cases. HIV and TB infections are closely related and affect the epidemiology of one another. This study aims to determine the profile description of HIV-TB co-infected patients in Nabire. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design on 90 people with HIV/AIDS selected consecutively. Data were analyzed univariately and presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. The results showed that of 55 HIV/AIDS co-infected TB patients, almost all (90.9%) were Papuan ethnic, 70.9% were female and aged 30 to 49 years (50.9%) with a mean of 31.309.36 years. The majority of HIV-TB co-infected patients were married (63.6%), holding secondary education (58.2%), working (67.3%), engaging in sexual activity after 17 years of age, only having one sexual partner, and did not use drugs or obtain blood transfusions. The clinical profile of HIV-TB patients showed that 67.3% of the patients were with baseline CD4 count ≤350 cells/mm3, 64.8% had CD4 count at the time of study >350 cells/mm3, and viral load values fewer than 5000 copies/ml (87.3%). The therapy most widely received for patients with HIV-TB coinfection was the combination of ARV 3TC+EFV+TDF (76.4%). The most common clinical symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients were weight loss (56.4%), cough (40%), recurrent oral thrush (36.4%), chickenpox (32.7%), and tuberculosis lymph nodes (18.2%).
Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus) in Yogurt Inhibit the Growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp. In Vitro IDSAP Peramiarti
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.2

Abstract

Diarrhea is defecation with a frequency more often than usual (three times or more) a day (10 mL/kg/day) with a soft or liquid consistency, even in the form of water alone. Pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp., play a role in many cases, to which antibiotics are prescribed as the first-line therapy. However, since antibiotic resistance cases are often found, preventive therapies are needed, such as consuming yogurt, which is produced through a fermentation process by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This research aimed to determine the activity of lactic acid bacteria (Liactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) in yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic bacteria E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. The research applied in vitro with the liquid dilution test method and the true experimental design research method with post-test-only and control group design. The design was used to see the inhibitory effect of yogurt LAB on the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigell sp. to compare the effect of several different yogurt concentrations, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results of the Least Significance Different analysis showed that there was a significant difference between yogurt with a concentration of 0% and that with various concentrations in inhibiting the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. with a p-value of <0.05. Whereas, there was no significant difference in the various concentrations of yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the three kinds of bacteria with a p-value of > 0.05. 
Clinical Response of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in COVID-19 Patients in Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Niniek Budiarti Burhan; Herwindo Pudjo Brahmantyo; Djoko Heri Hermanto; Putu Moda Arsana
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.5

Abstract

The use of convalescent plasma has been beneficial for more than a century to treat various infections.  The lack of effective treatment currently available for COVID-19 has reemerged the use of convalescent plasma as a potential therapeutic option. This is an observational descriptive study in 13 COVID-19 patient who got convalescent Plasma. Consist of 11 (84%) male patient, 2 (16%) female patient. Divided into two groups based on severity, and outcome. 38% patient included in severe disesase and 62% patient in critically Ill condition. 30% patient who got convalescent plasma deceased, and 70% had a resolve condition.
Characteristics of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Zen Ary Prasetyo; Taufiq Nur Budaya; Besut Daryanto
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 31 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2021.031.04.4

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases affecting the elderly, and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is a gold standard surgical procedure in BPH patients. Although the TURP rate is high, the publication of TURP profile data in Indonesia is still limited. This study aimed at determining the characteristics of BPH patients who underwent TURP at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. This study is a descriptive study by collecting data of 162 BPH patients who underwent TURP from January 2015 to August 2017. TURP is primarily performed in patients aged 61-70 years (39.5%). Recurrent urinary retention was the most common indication for the procedure (54.9%) followed by bladder stone (21%), pharmacological therapy failure (10.5%), inguinal hernia (8%), severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) (3.7%), and renal insufficiency (1.9%). As many as 58% of patients who underwent TURP had a prostate volume higher than 50 ml. Urinary retention is the most common complaint among BPH patients who underwent TURP, and recurrent urinary retention is the most common TURP indicator. 

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