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Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 30 No 3 (2007)" : 7 Documents clear
Optimization Of Environmental Control Using Industrial Minerals For Upstream Oil And Gas Activities Djoko Sunarjanto; Supriyatno Supriyatno; Azizah Azizah
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.865

Abstract

Industrial minerals are useful as drilling materials support such as; limestone (MgCaCO3) for filler, bentonite and barite for drilling mud and quartz sand for propping agent. Until now the benefit of them has not been optimized because it is only as building material, and still the mining which cause environmental damage. Concerning the environmental care and to support the movement of using national products of oil and gas activities need innovations and creativities in taking the benefit of those minerals. The alternative that has been chosen such as the effort of the balancing between the national products and big investment in oil and gas. To make condition of bentonite as drilling mud was needed activation and change it to sodium bentonite to improve those mineral suspension by polymer added. Meanwhile industrial development of silica sand as gravel packing and propping agent, have been better within mining activity in Bangka Area. Average quality of silica sand consist SiO2 up of 90 % to satisfy the requirements, but still was quality improved. In few regions in Indonesia overall industrial mineral can be used to support oil and gas activities
STUDY OF CALCIUM SULFATE SCALING INDEX TENDENCY CALCULATIONS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS IN INJECTION WATER SAMPLES FROM OILFIELDS Tjuwati Makmur
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.975

Abstract

Calcium sulfate scale is a type of scale found in petroleum industry and shows seriousproblem, because it can plug pore media and cause a decrease in production rate.Actual calcium sulfate (CaSO4) concentrations of S1, S2, S3 and S4 injection watersamples were in the range of 0.0208 to 0.4583 meq/l. While, the values of solubility ofS1, S2, S3 and S4 water samples at 77,145 and 1770F are in a range of 23.20 to 27.43meq/l. Based on the results of calcium sulfate scaling tendency calculations showed thatthe values of solubility of S1, S2, S3 and S4 water samples at various temperature conditions(77,140 and 1750F) are higher than actual CaSO4 concentrations for the samewater samples. No occurrence of CaSO4 scale was found in all analyzed injection watersamples at different temperature conditions (77,140 and 1750F).
MODELING OF GRAVITY EFFECTS IN STREAMLINE-BASED SIMULATION FOR THERMAL RECOVERY Usman Usman
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.976

Abstract

Gravity effects are more prominent in thermal recovery simulations due to larger densitydifference between phases. Historically, the streamline method has been unable toaccount for gravity effects. This is a result of assuming that the fluid path follows thestreamline path and therefore no communication among streamlines. However with gravity,a fluid pathline is different from a fluid streamline. Each phase can move vertically asa result of the gravity segregation effect in addition to the flow along streamline.Gravity effects are accounted in the streamline method by an operator splitting technique.The idea is to isolate the convective flow from diffusion due to gravity for separatesolutions. The convective part is calculated along the common streamline trajectories andthe diffusion part is determined by the direction of gravity. While this has been done successfullyfor isothermal problems, it is still a challenge to obtain both accuracy and efficiencyfor non-isothermal flow. This paper further examines the mixed streamline methodwith an operator splitting technique for this class of problems. The pressure equation fordefining streamlines was derived by summing up the mass conservation equations. Then,the mass and heat transport equations in terms of the streamline time-of-flight coordinatewere solved for each streamline. A gravity step will be followed by solving the segregationequations over the dimensional grid. For simplification of modeling, heat was assumed totransfer by convection only, of which direction is parallel with the flowing phases and theinfluence of temperature in the simulation model is through changes in fluid viscosity only.The proposed approach was tested through simulation of heavy oil recovery by means ofhot waterflooding. The results were verified with those of a commercial fully implicit thermalsimulator.
NMR T2 CUT OFF: WHICH ONE IS TO BE USED FOR APPLICATION? Bambang Widarsono; Junita Trivianty Musu
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.977

Abstract

Recent developments in petroleum industry have been witnessing the surge of the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) log. Despite some remaining problems the NMR technology appears to gain more acceptance as petrophysical tool for evaluating reservoir quality. Comprehensive formation evaluation requires determination of irreducible fluids, movable fluids, and permeability. However, rock heterogeneity introduces complexity in any formation evaluation activities. This can also cause problem for NMR log interpretation. In the presence of clays the most commonly used T2 cut off values, a constant value throughout a formation, seem to eventually yield inaccurate irreducible water saturation estimates, as well as other output such as permeability. This study focuses at finding a solution for finding the best way of choosing the most representative T2 cut off value to be used in NMR log interpretation. This is indeed a common pressing problem for heterogeneous formation rocks such as in the case of Tirrawarra sandstones used in this study. The main part of the study is devoted to comparison between the use of single averaged T2c value and establishment of empirical correlations enabling the provision of T2c for any level of heterogeneity (i.e. various levels of shaliness). The study however surprisingly shows that, in spite of the theoretical soundness of the empirical correlations established, simple averaging of T2c values yielded by a reliable method proves itself adequate. This conclusion therefore helps considerably in reducing complexity in NMR log interpretation.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL BACTERIA COUNT AND SELECTION OF INJECTION WATER QUALITY RATING CHART FOR WATER FLOOD NEEDS IN SUMATRA OIL FIELDS Nuraini Nuraini; Tjuwati Makmur
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.978

Abstract

An important factor affecting the success of a water flood project for secondary recoveryis the quality of the water being injected. In this research, the water quality tests werefocused on determination of total bacteria counts of the analyzed injection water sampleusing ASTM D 5465-93 and selections of injection water quality rating chart for waterflood needs in Sumatra oil fields. The results of microbiological laboratory tests of allanalyzed injection water samples showed three parts. An injection water sample of N - 82containing type of bacteria Bacillus sp with the total bacteria counts 5.02 x 100 colonies/ccwas categorized as no. 1 water quality rating chart. Subsequently, G – GS injection watersample indicated Bacillus sp with total bacteria counts 4.28 x 101 colonies/cc and BacillusLaterosporous with total bacteria count 3.31 x 101 colonies/cc for G – 90 water sample.Two samples mentioned above were classified as no. 2 water quality rating chart. Next,Bacillus Alvei was found in T – 21 injection water sample with total bacteria count 1.85 x102 colonies/cc and Bacillus Pathothenticus in T – GS injection water samples with totalbacteria count 2.61 x 102 colonies/cc. Position of water quality rating chart for both lastsamples were no. 3. These results gave valuable and useful information before implementationof water flood in the oilfield.
TO EXPLAIN THE NATURE OF CORE POROSITY USING RESULTS OF PETROGRAPHY ANALYSIS Junita Trivianty Musu
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.979

Abstract

The Permian to Triassic Tirrawarra Sandstone succession in the Cooper Basin of CentralAustralia is characterized by its low permeability. Ambient core porosity averages8.96% and ambient permeability 0.9 mD. Most samples studied have permeabilities lessthan 3mD. Despite its overall poor reservoir characteristics, the Tirrawarra Sandstone isone of the major oil and gas targets in Australia. A total of 17 core plugs from 6 wellswere studied petrographically using optical petrography, SEM and XRD. These resultswere integrated with core analysis data.Petrographic study revealed the diagenetic events, mainly mechanical and chemicalcompaction, cementation and alteration have modified the reservoir quality. Ductile componentssuch as rock fragments, clay and matrix influence mechanical compaction, whichare the main cause of reservoir quality reduction. Quartz cementation and clay distributionalso affected the porosity, but particularly permeability. Mechanical compaction aswell as quartz cementation have reduced and blocked pore-throats to isolate intergranularpores. The alteration of feldspar to kaolin has changed intergranular porosity tomicroporosity. Illite occurs as either cement, alteration of rock fragments or kaolinite. Allof these diagenetic events also affect fluid movement in the reservoir.This paper presents the evaluation of the determination of effectiveness of porosity inthe delivery of gas from sandstone reservoir in the Cooper Basin using integrated petrographyanalysis and core measurements.
THE EFFECT ADDITION OF LSWR INTO FUEL OILS AGAINST ALTERATION ITS PHYSICALS AND CHEMICALS PROPERTIES Djainuddin Semar; Nur Ahadiat
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.3.980

Abstract

To fulfill yearly increase National demand for fuel oils (FO), therefor this paperconducted to researched the posibility added low sulfur wax residue (LSWR) into Nationalfuel oil comersial to some percentage volume againts its characteristic changes.Base on its pour point, the fuel oils modification formula, named FO-90 that has pourpoint 90oF, this formula content 6% volume LSWR.The laboratory test result, shown that nearly all characteristic fuel oils modification isconform with current domestic fuel oils specification 2, issued by Directorate GeneralOils and Gas on behalf of Indonesian goverment in their SK No. 03/P/DM/MIGAS/1986dated April 14, 1986.This paper proposes fuel oils specification, as input for government policy in reformulationof Indonesian fuel oils specification which confirm with international fuel oil specification.

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