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Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences
Published by Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30892732     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences (JEHS) adalah jurnal ilmiah hasil kolaborasi antara Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher dan Politeknik Baubau Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal ini menerbitkan hasil penelitian dan studi tentang epidemiologi dan isu-isu ilmu kesehatan. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang distribusi, penentu, dan pencegahan penyakit di tingkat populasi. Selain itu, JEHS juga memuat artikel yang mengeksplorasi pendekatan inovatif untuk promosi kesehatan, evaluasi intervensi kesehatan masyarakat, dan analisis faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kesehatan global dan lokal. Setiap artikel yang diterbitkan melalui proses peer-review untuk memastikan kualitas dan relevansi ilmiah. Dengan demikian, JEHS menjadi forum bagi para peneliti, praktisi, dan akademisi untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan dan temuan terbaru yang dapat memengaruhi kebijakan kesehatan dan praktik epidemiologi di berbagai konteks geografis dan populasi.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 21 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 2 no. 3 (2025): september - december" : 21 Documents clear
Analysis of Patterns and Risk Factors for Malaria Incidence in Mimika Regency, Central Papua Indonesia in 2022-2025 Fitra Wati; Sarliani
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1360

Abstract

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease that is still a public health problem in Indonesia, especially in the Papua region, including Mimika Regency. Malaria transmission is influenced by environmental, physical, biological, and behavioral factors of the community. Mimika Regency ranks first with the highest number of malaria cases in Indonesia, and various control efforts have been carried out but cases are still high. Objective: This study aims to analyze the patterns and risk factors of malaria incidence in Mimika Regency, Central Papua, in 2022–2025. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach with a correlational design. Data was collected through surveys and documentation of malaria cases in Nawaripi Village, Mimika Regency. The analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between environmental, behavioral, and malaria incidence factors. Results: The results show that the incidence of malaria in Mimika Regency is still very high, with an increasing trend of cases from year to year. Environmental factors such as poor sanitation, the presence of swamps, and waterlogging, as well as the behavior of people who do not use insecticide-treated mosquito nets and often do activities outside the house at night, contribute to the high incidence of malaria. Conclusion: The pattern of malaria incidence in Mimika Regency is influenced by a combination of environmental factors and community behavior. Control efforts need to be focused on improving the environment, educating healthy behaviors, and strengthening malaria prevention programs in a sustainable manner.
Diarrhea in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Descriptive Analysis 2020-2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Nunung Sari
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1408

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal disease remains a major public health challenge in developing regions, including Indonesia, due to its strong association with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions. Nunukan Regency, characterized by its geographical and infrastructural constraints, continues to experience a substantial burden of diarrhea cases, particularly among vulnerable populations. Objectives: This study aimed to describe and analyze the temporal distribution of diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency from 2020 to 2023 in order to identify trends and highlight implications for public health interventions. Methods: A descriptive observational study design was employed using secondary surveillance data on reported diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency for the period 2020–2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of a bar chart to illustrate annual trends in diarrhea incidence. Results: The findings indicate a fluctuating trend in diarrhea cases over the study period. A total of 1,536 cases were reported in 2020, followed by a substantial increase to 3,371 cases in 2021. In 2022, the number of cases declined to 2,903, and a more pronounced reduction was observed in 2023, with 1,257 reported cases. Despite the decreasing trend in the latter years, the overall incidence of diarrhea remained relatively high. Conclusion: Diarrhea continues to represent a significant public health concern in Nunukan Regency, as evidenced by persistently high case numbers and notable annual fluctuations. Sustained and integrated interventions focusing on improving access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene practices are essential to achieve long-term reductions in diarrheal disease incidence in the region.
Analysis of Trends and Management of Leprosy in Padang City Rosmi; Salma; Vivit Novianti; Syahwa Ramadhani; Samal
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1416

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Despite being one of the oldest known infectious diseases, leprosy remains associated with strong social stigma and discrimination. These social barriers often delay treatment-seeking behavior and contribute to adverse clinical and psychosocial consequences for affected individuals. Objective: This study aimed to describe the number of leprosy cases in Padang City from 2017 to 2021, to outline the clinical manifestations and management of leprosy, and to highlight prevention and control efforts implemented at the primary health care level. Methods: Secondary data were obtained from the Padang City Health Profile for the period 2017–2021, an annual report published by the Padang City Health Office. Data were collected through the recording and reporting system of community health centers (Puskesmas) in Padang City. Descriptive analysis was conducted based on the number of cases, age distribution, sex, and trends in new case detection. Results: In 2021, a total of 19 new leprosy cases were reported in Padang City. The leprosy prevalence rate was 0.47 per 10,000 population, while the proportion of new cases with grade 2 disability reached 10.52%, indicating delays in early detection. Case finding was primarily conducted through active screening activities and home visits by health workers. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of leprosy in Padang City remains relatively low, the continued detection of new cases indicates that leprosy has not yet been fully eliminated. Strengthening early detection, ensuring comprehensive treatment, and reducing social stigma are critical strategies for interrupting leprosy transmission and improving patient outcomes in the community.
Epidemiological Trends and Social Determinants of HIV/AIDS in Riau Province, Indonesia, 2012–2021 Tyara Ramadhani; Sabitah Salsabila; Salsabila Awalia Nurmayanti; Risma Anugrah; Reskipin Saputri Kiro
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1419

Abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major global public health challenges. Although no curative treatment is available, disease progression and transmission can be effectively controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART). In Indonesia, including Riau Province, HIV and AIDS cases continue to increase, particularly among key populations and individuals of productive age. Persistent stigma and discrimination remain critical barriers to prevention, early detection, and access to treatment services. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution and temporal trends of HIV and AIDS cases in Riau Province from 2012 to 2021 using official surveillance data. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the Riau Provincial Health Profile. The data were analyzed systematically to identify patterns and trends in HIV and AIDS cases over a ten-year period and were presented graphically to facilitate interpretation. Results: The findings revealed a fluctuating but overall increasing trend in HIV and AIDS cases in Riau Province between 2012 and 2021. The highest proportion of cases occurred among individuals aged 25–49 years. Males accounted for more than 79% of reported HIV and AIDS cases in 2021. The predominant risk factors included unprotected sexual intercourse, high-risk sexual behaviors, and the use of non-sterile needles. Stigma and discrimination were identified as major obstacles hindering early diagnosis and utilization of healthcare services. Comprehensive prevention strategies, including health education, strengthened health services, and biomedical interventions such as ART, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), are therefore essential. Conclusion: HIV and AIDS remain a significant public health concern in Riau Province. Integrated, multisectoral approaches are required to reduce transmission and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS sustainably.
Distribution Patterns of Tuberculosis in South Sumatra: A Descriptive Analysis from 2019 to 2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Sri Ramdayani Apdi; Syahlani; Sumarniyati; Reva Muftira Jamil
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1422

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest rate of tuberculosis burden in the world, ranking second globally. Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the global health problems that can have a major impact on quality of life, with higher mortality rates and lower recovery rates due to poorer medication adherence. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution of tuberculosis cases in the South Sumatra Province area during the 2019–2023 period based on secondary data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach by analyzing secondary data sourced from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile document. Data is analyzed in the form of graphs and tables and described narratively to identify patterns and trends of cases. Results: Tuberculosis cases are flaxative from year to year. A decrease in cases was recorded in certain years, but some indicators such as maternal mortality remained high. Geographical factors, limited health facilities, and socio-cultural factors are expected to be the main contributors to this trend. Conclusion: The distribution of tuberculosis cases in South Sumatra is influenced by several factors and shows the need to increase control efforts evenly throughout the region.
Patterns of Dengue Fever Incidence in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Evidence from 2018–2022 Surveillance Data Wa Ode Nur Safia; Syafiqah Rizky Ariesta Kamaluddin; Zalsabila Nur; Suci Ramadani; Wa Ode Suci Munawar
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1425

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes. Over recent decades, the incidence of DHF has increased substantially at both global and national levels, including in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This escalating trend underscores the need for evidence-based and integrated vector control strategies to reduce disease morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution and temporal trends of DHF cases in West Kalimantan Province from 2018 to 2022, with particular emphasis on incidence dynamics, environmental risk factors, and the role of vector control efforts. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the West Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile. Annual DHF case data were systematically analyzed and presented in graphical form, followed by narrative interpretation to identify distribution patterns and temporal trends over the study period. Results: The analysis revealed a fluctuating trend in DHF incidence between 2018 and 2022. A marked decline in reported cases was observed during 2020–2021, which is likely associated with reduced population mobility and public health restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a resurgence of cases occurred in 2022. These fluctuations highlight the importance of sustained dengue control interventions, particularly in densely populated areas and environments conducive to mosquito breeding. Community knowledge and preventive behaviors, including the implementation of mosquito nest eradication (PSN), were found to play a crucial role in influencing DHF incidence. Additionally, environmental conditions, sanitation, and population mobility emerged as key determinants of dengue transmission. Conclusion: DHF incidence in West Kalimantan exhibited significant temporal variation from 2018 to 2022. Strengthening community education, promoting 3M practices, and implementing sustainable vector control innovations are essential to effectively reduce dengue transmission.
Coastal Area Waste Sources, Indonesia: A Review Pebriyanto Setiawan; Wa Janaria Rumbia
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1427

Abstract

Background: Waste is a waste product from various human activities that can pollute the environment, especially in coastal areas. This literature review examines various sources of waste, including household waste, industrial waste, and tourism activities, and their impacts on public health and marine ecosystems in coastal areas. Objective: This literature review is to review scientific articles on coastal area waste sources in Indonesia. Methods: The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was used with journal selection using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow. The journals used were journals published from 2016 to 2025. The journal search was carried out using the keyword, coastal area waste sources. Results: The selected articles came from Indonesia. Based on the literature review that has been conducted, it shows that people's behavior that is less aware of the importance of waste management contributes greatly to pollution. The level of public knowledge about the impact of waste is still low, which results in a lot of waste being disposed of carelessly. A significant relationship between waste disposal behavior and public health is indicated by the high prevalence of pollution-related diseases, such as diarrhea and skin diseases. Conclusion: To overcome this problem, intensive education efforts, provision of adequate waste management facilities, and stricter law enforcement are needed. Effective waste management is expected to improve the quality of public health and the sustainability of the coastal environment.  
Analysis of Estimated Deaths from Hypertension in Pregnant Women and Population Aged ≥15 Years by Gender in Central Kalimantan Province in 2021 Pitrah Asfian; Windi Wulandari; Wa Ode Siti Nurfauzah; Zahra Sa'ada Fatiyyah Tanzil; Wulan Sagitat Aprilianti; Wa Ode Aurela Utami Putri Djumain; Yuliana Safitri
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1430

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases and a leading contributor to global mortality. It significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, including stroke and heart disease, and adversely affects quality of life. In Indonesia, including Central Kalimantan Province, hypertension represents a major public health concern, with a consistently increasing trend in both prevalence and hypertension-related mortality. According to the 2021 Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile, hypertension ranks among the five leading causes of death, particularly affecting individuals of productive age, the elderly, and pregnant women. These groups require targeted and sustained interventions to prevent adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aims to analyze the estimated number of hypertension cases and related deaths among individuals aged ≥15 years and pregnant women in Central Kalimantan Province in 2021, stratified by sex. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the 2021 Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office Profile. Data were analyzed narratively to describe the distribution of hypertension cases and mortality patterns across districts. Results: The analysis identified 646,208 individuals aged ≥15 years diagnosed with hypertension, with the highest case burden observed in Kapuas Regency and Palangka Raya City. Overall, hypertension prevalence was higher among men, although higher proportions among women were observed in selected districts, including East Kotawaringin and Lamandau. Hypertension-related mortality among pregnant women was highest in Kapuas Regency. Health promotion interventions and the utilization of complementary approaches, such as red ginger and cucumber consumption, demonstrated potential benefits in reducing hypertension risk. Conclusion: Effective hypertension management in Central Kalimantan requires comprehensive and gender-sensitive strategies, particularly for vulnerable populations. Education-based interventions and complementary therapies may serve as supportive preventive measures.
Epidemiological Study on Distribution Patterns of HIV Positive Cases and New AIDS Cases in Central Kalimantan Province Wa Ode Azifa Malia; Wa Ode Fildayanti; Wa Ode Heldani; Yeti Purnama Alam; Yuliani; Zulfita
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1432

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS is a global public health problem that has a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals and creates a burden on the health care system. Central Kalimantan Province, with its unique geographic and demographic characteristics, faces its own challenges in controlling and combating the spread of HIV/AIDS. The dynamics of the spread of this disease in the region show a complexity that requires cross-sectoral attention and evidence-based interventions from stakeholders.Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution pattern of HIV/AIDS cases in Central Kalimantan Province during the period 2017 to 2021. The focus of the analysis includes the number of HIV and AIDS cases by gender and age group, using secondary data obtained from the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office.Method: The approach used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method. The data analyzed are secondary data sourced from official documents of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office in the last five years. Data analysis is carried out by organizing information in the form of tables and graphs to facilitate the interpretation of case distribution patterns visually and statistically.Results: The analysis results show an increase in the number of HIV cases from 181 cases in 2017 to 264 cases in 2021, while AIDS cases increased from 48 cases to 143 cases in the same period. The majority of cases were found in the male group and the productive age group (25–49 years), reflecting the vulnerability of this group to HIV infection. In addition, in 2021, 22 deaths due to AIDS were recorded, most of which occurred in men. These findings indicate the importance of formulating prevention and treatment strategies that are more targeted at vulnerable groups, as well as the need to increase awareness and access to comprehensive health services.Conclusion: The increasing trend of HIV/AIDS cases in Central Kalimantan over the past five years shows the urgency of the need for serious attention from local governments and related sectors in implementing data-based, effective, and sustainable health policies. Interventions that focus on education, early detection, and expanding the scope of treatment and prevention services are expected to suppress the rate of spread of HIV/AIDS in this region.
A Descriptive Analysis of Tuberculosis Deaths in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, 2017–2021 Sitti Fadhilah Milu; Santri Fitran Umanahu; Rufianti; Syarifah Aisiyah Syaqila; Rusmin
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1433

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem, including in Indonesia, and is explicitly targeted for control and elimination within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs but may also involve other organs. Indonesia is among the countries with the highest TB burden worldwide. In Lampung Province, particularly in Bandar Lampung City, TB cases have shown an increasing trend over recent years. TB transmission and outcomes are strongly influenced by nutritional status, host immunity, patients’ knowledge and behavior, as well as persistent social stigma, which often leads to delayed diagnosis and poor treatment adherence. Therefore, evidence-based control efforts, including systematic surveillance and data-driven monitoring, are essential to better understand disease patterns and inform effective interventions. Objective: This study aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis-related deaths in Bandar Lampung City during the period 2017–2021 based on secondary data from the municipal health profile. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was employed using secondary data obtained from the Bandar Lampung City Health Profile. Data on annual TB-related deaths were analyzed descriptively by organizing them into tables and graphical presentations, followed by narrative interpretation to identify temporal patterns and trends. Results: The findings indicate fluctuations in the tuberculosis case notification rate (CNR), with the highest level observed in 2019 and a marked decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of TB cases among children was relatively low (35.1%), suggesting limitations in contact tracing and early case detection. Furthermore, the bacteriologically confirmed TB cure rate in 2021 was only 55.6%, reflecting challenges in treatment adherence and program effectiveness. TB-related mortality during treatment remained high, with 65 reported deaths, highlighting gaps in service quality and patient monitoring. Conclusion: TB control in Bandar Lampung City continues to face substantial challenges, including unstable case reporting, low detection among children, suboptimal cure rates, and high mortality during treatment. Strengthening surveillance systems, improving health worker capacity, and ensuring equitable quality of TB services across health facilities are critical to improving TB control outcomes.

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