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Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences
Published by Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30892732     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences (JEHS) adalah jurnal ilmiah hasil kolaborasi antara Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher dan Politeknik Baubau Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal ini menerbitkan hasil penelitian dan studi tentang epidemiologi dan isu-isu ilmu kesehatan. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang distribusi, penentu, dan pencegahan penyakit di tingkat populasi. Selain itu, JEHS juga memuat artikel yang mengeksplorasi pendekatan inovatif untuk promosi kesehatan, evaluasi intervensi kesehatan masyarakat, dan analisis faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kesehatan global dan lokal. Setiap artikel yang diterbitkan melalui proses peer-review untuk memastikan kualitas dan relevansi ilmiah. Dengan demikian, JEHS menjadi forum bagi para peneliti, praktisi, dan akademisi untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan dan temuan terbaru yang dapat memengaruhi kebijakan kesehatan dan praktik epidemiologi di berbagai konteks geografis dan populasi.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 67 Documents
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Factors Affecting the Incidence of Diarrhea in Toddlers in Indonesia: A Review Anjelin Rizky Fadilah; Salsabila Rosya
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1232

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by increased stool frequency (more than three times daily) with watery consistency, primarily affecting toddlers due to their immature immune systems. It remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five, especially in areas with inadequate sanitation and hygiene practices. Transmission often occurs through contaminated food or water and poor hygiene behaviors. Several factors contribute to diarrhea incidence, including environmental sanitation, maternal knowledge, socio-economic status, nutritional intake, and exclusive breastfeeding practices. Other risk factors include improper waste disposal, limited access to clean water, and suboptimal health behavior such as lack of handwashing. Objective: This study aims to identify and describe the factors associated with diarrhea incidence in toddlers through a literature review. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using journal articles published between 2021 and 2025. The articles were obtained through Google Scholar using Indonesian-language keywords related to diarrhea in children. Results: The findings indicate that environmental sanitation, maternal knowledge, socio-economic conditions, and child feeding practices are dominant factors associated with diarrhea. Access to clean water, use of family latrines, waste management, exclusive breastfeeding, and handwashing practices are key protective factors. Conclusion: The incidence of diarrhea in toddlers is influenced by a combination of environmental, behavioral, and socio-economic factors. Strengthening maternal education and improving sanitation facilities are essential strategies for diarrhea prevention in young children. Keywords: Diarrhea, Toddlers, Risk Factors, Sanitation, Maternal Knowledge, Socio-economic Conditions, Exclusive Breastfeeding.
Coastal Community and Youth Knowledge of HIV/AIDS Indonesia: A Review Jamal Saripa; Hardianto
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1234

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global health issue, including in Indonesia, which ranks fifth among countries with the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence after South Africa, India, Mozambique, and Nigeria. By 2023, it is estimated that approximately 1.7 million people in Indonesia are living with HIV/AIDS. Coastal communities, particularly fishermen and their families, are considered a vulnerable group due to limited access to health services and lack of health education. Therefore, targeted efforts are essential to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission in these communities, including Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) services and educational interventions to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS. Objective: This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS among coastal communities and adolescents through a literature review. Methods: A qualitative literature review was conducted by collecting and synthesizing findings from previous studies relevant to HIV/AIDS prevention in coastal communities. Results: The literature review highlights the importance of VCT services for early detection and risk assessment of HIV/AIDS in coastal populations. Empowering housewives as health cadres facilitates effective communication and education about HIV/AIDS due to their familiarity with local community dynamics. Outreach programs, including educational lectures and the distribution of informational leaflets, have proven effective in improving the knowledge and attitudes of both adults and adolescents toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Conclusion: Community-based empowerment and cross-sector collaboration are critical to enhancing HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention in coastal areas. Keywords: Coastal Community, Knowledge, Global Health, HIV/AIDS
Factors Influencing Dental and Oral Health and Access to Dental Care in Indonesian Coastal Communities: A Literature Review Muh Fajrinshadiq Rusli Fajrin; Harniati
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1239

Abstract

Background: Oral and dental health remains a significant public health concern in developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the most prevalent issues is the high incidence of dental caries, particularly in coastal communities. Various factors contribute to this condition, such as educational level, health knowledge, lifestyle, dietary patterns, cultural practices, and geographical conditions. Coastal communities are often highlighted in health studies due to their role as primary contributors to national protein intake through fishing activities. However, their oral health status is frequently neglected, despite their unique environmental and social characteristics that may increase health risks. Objective: This study aims to identify the factors influencing oral health and the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesian coastal communities. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted by collecting and analyzing relevant articles from databases such as Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The journal selection process followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, focusing on studies related to oral health and dental caries in coastal populations. Results: The review identified several contributing factors to poor oral health and high caries incidence, including age, fish protein consumption, access to healthcare services, poor clean water quality (habitual use of rainwater and well water), exposure to fish smoking fumes, smoking, alcohol consumption, parental education level, and infrequent tooth brushing. The most dominant factor was poor water quality. Conclusion: Comprehensive strategies are needed to address these multifactorial risks and improve oral health in coastal communities. Keywords: Indonesia, Oral Health, Dental Caries, Coastal Communities
Digital Technology Based Self-Management Interventions for Hypertension Management: A Literature Review Hilda Harun
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): January - April
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease and a leading cause of premature death worldwide. In the digital era, mobile health (mHealth) technology has become one of the commonly used solutions to provide education for hypertensive patients in managing the disease and to support self-management for patients with chronic conditions, particularly hypertension (HT). Objective: This study aims to examine the benefits and effects of digital technology in supporting the self-management of patients with hypertension. Method: The research method used is a non-systematic literature review based on relevant sources related to the research topic, with literature reviewed from scientific articles (original research) selected by the researcher. Results: Based on studies conducted in several countries, there has been an improvement in the self-management of hypertensive patients, leading to better disease control such as medication adherence, behavioral changes for lifestyle modification (e.g., physical activity, DASH diet). Patients also reported that using digital technology for self-management was highly beneficial for controlling blood pressure (BP) and reducing both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Conclusion: Digital technology-based interventions are highly beneficial and effective in enhancing the self-management of hypertension patients in managing HT and in lowering BP. Keywords: Intervention, Digital Technology, Self-Management, Hypertension
The Effectiveness of Fly Control in Reducing the Spread of Disease: A Review Abdul Rahman
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1294

Abstract

Background: Flies (Musca domestica) are synanthropic insects capable of transmitting pathogenic agents such as protozoa, helminths, viruses, fungi, and bacteria. Acting as mechanical vectors, they contribute to the indirect transmission of various diseases. Their presence often indicates poor environmental hygiene and poses significant health risks to surrounding communities. Flies can carry approximately 100 species of bacteria pathogenic to humans and animals. Fly control aims to prevent disease spread by reducing fly density through improvements in sanitation and environmental management. The application of natural and synthetic insecticides remains a widely practiced and effective strategy. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various fly control methods in reducing the potential for disease transmission. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted by collecting and analyzing articles from Google Scholar and ResearchGate, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. Articles published between 2020 and 2024 were reviewed using the keywords “flies,” “effectiveness,” and “control methods.” Results: The reviewed literature reported multiple effective approaches to reducing fly density, including the use of lime camphor mixtures, clove leaf extract, basil leaves, papaya leaves, chemical insecticides, mechanical trapping, and bait variation in fly traps. Conclusion: Flies play a critical role in transmitting diseases such as diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, and food poisoning. Effective fly control, supported by improved environmental sanitation, is essential to minimize the prevalence of flies and reduce the risk of disease transmission. Keywords: Indonesia, flies, effectiveness, control
Analysis of Trends in Pneumonia Cases in Toddlers in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province 2018-2021 Putri Yuliyanti Liambo; Inayah Zahrah
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1309

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection and remains a leading cause of mortality among children under five, particularly in developing countries. Maros Regency is among the regions with a relatively high incidence of pneumonia in this age group. Objective: This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of pneumonia cases among children under five in Maros Regency during 2018–2021, and to identify factors contributing to variations in case distribution. Methods: This research employed a quantitative descriptive design using secondary data from the Maros Regency Health Profile for 2018–2021. Data were analyzed descriptively through tables and graphs to illustrate the distribution of pneumonia cases over time. Results: The findings revealed annual fluctuations in pneumonia incidence among children under five, with the highest number of cases recorded in 2021. Several factors were identified as influencing the distribution of cases, including environmental conditions, access to healthcare services, community knowledge levels, and the capacity of health facilities. Conclusion: Efforts to address pneumonia among children under five in Maros Regency should focus on improving access to healthcare services, strengthening the referral system, and enhancing community education on prevention and early detection. Expanding early detection programs and building the capacity of healthcare workers are also essential. Keywords: Pneumonia, children under five, healthcare facilities, accessibility, Maros Regency, Indonesia
Overview of Tuberculosis (TB) Cases in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi for the 2017-2019 Period Sarni Tia; Wa Ode Monang
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1312

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, including in Indonesia, particularly in Central Sulawesi Province and Banggai Regency. This region continues to report a relatively high incidence of TB, influenced by multiple determinants such as environmental conditions and socio-economic disparities. Objective: This study aims to describe the trend of TB cases in Banggai Regency during 2017–2019 based on available secondary data. Methods: A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Central Sulawesi. Data on TB cases in Banggai Regency for the period 2017–2019 were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables and graphs. Patterns and trends were interpreted narratively to provide contextual understanding. Results: The analysis revealed an upward trend in TB incidence in Banggai Regency between 2017 and 2019. Contributing factors likely include environmental conditions, socio-economic constraints, and inadequate access to or quality of healthcare services. Conclusion: The rising trend of TB cases in Banggai Regency highlights the need for coordinated multisectoral interventions. Key factors such as limited healthcare access, poor socio-economic conditions, low treatment adherence, high population mobility, and improved reporting systems should be addressed. Further research and the implementation of effective, sustainable intervention strategies are urgently required. Keywords: incidence, global health, healthcare services, tuberculosis, Indonesia
The Development of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi Province Period 2022–2024 Zahwa Nizar; Siti Selfia
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1317

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major infectious disease and a significant public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia. In the country, DHF incidence fluctuates annually, with a tendency toward increased morbidity and geographic expansion of affected areas. Extraordinary DHF outbreaks occur almost every year in different locations and are difficult to predict. In West Sulawesi Province, the morbidity rate is 39.25 per 100,000 population and the case fatality rate (CFR) is 1.13—both exceeding the national average. Majene Regency has reported the highest DHF cases in recent years, with 202 cases recorded in 2023. Objective: This study aims to analyze the trend and distribution of DHF cases in Majene Regency during 2022–2024 based on secondary data from the Majene Regency Central Statistics Agency. Methods: This research applied a quantitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Majene Regency. Data were presented in tables and graphs to illustrate temporal and spatial trends and were narratively interpreted to identify patterns. Results: The findings indicate a marked increase in DHF cases from 2022 to 2024, with the highest incidence in 2024, particularly in Pamboang and Sendana Districts. Key contributing factors include climate change, high population density, and inadequate environmental sanitation. Conclusion: The upward trend of DHF in Majene Regency underscores the urgent need for collaborative efforts between government and communities to enhance public awareness and implement sustainable mosquito breeding site eradication programs. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, climate change, sanitation, morbidity, population density, Indonesia
Environmental and Household Risk Factors Associated with Dengue Transmission: A Case–Control Study in Nakhon Nayok Province, Thailand Jitjira Chaiyarit; Prat Intarasaksit
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1322

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever poses an escalating public health challenge in Thailand, with incidence rates rising steadily in recent years. Transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes, dengue exerts a considerable health burden, particularly in vulnerable communities. Objective: This case–control study aimed to identify environmental health determinants associated with dengue transmission in Moo 4 (Ban Dongkha), Ko Pho Subdistrict, Pak Phli District, Nakhon Nayok Province. Methods: A total of 44 households were surveyed, including 4 households with confirmed dengue cases (cases) and 40 without any history of infection (controls), using a structured questionnaire developed by the research team. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied to explore associations.Results: Although no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups (p > 0.05), descriptive trends indicated that case households were more likely to have non-concrete housing, lack window or door screening, and exhibit higher densities of Aedes larvae. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to dengue prevention were comparable across both groups.Conclusion: These findings suggest that structural and environmental conditions may play a more critical role in dengue transmission than individual knowledge or behavior. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions, including the installation of window screens and elimination of stagnant water, to reduce mosquito breeding and protect at-risk communities. Keywords: Dengue fever, Epidemic, Environmental health factors, Case–control study, Thailand
Prevalence Incident Diseases in the District Bolaang Mongondow in 2023-2024 Siti Sofia Hartin; Nur Hidayat
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1327

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases globally and contributes significantly to the burden on health systems in Indonesia. In Bolaang Mongondow Regency, the consistently increasing trend in TB cases over the past three years presents a dual reality: on the one hand, it reflects improved case detection capacity, yet on the other, it indicates ongoing active transmission that has not been optimally addressed by existing intervention programs. Objective: This study aims to map the dynamics and trends of TB case prevalence in Bolaang Mongondow Regency between 2021 and 2023, as well as to analyze potential contributing factors from both epidemiological and systemic perspectives. Methods: A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency and the local Health Office. The analysis focused on TB cases per 100,000 population over the three-year period, providing a proportional description of the disease burden at the population level. Results: TB prevalence increased markedly from 65.3 per 100,000 population in 2021 to 91.0 per 100,000 in 2023. The absolute number of cases rose from 168 in 2021 to 208 in 2022 and 234 in 2023. This increase may reflect intensified early detection programs and improved community awareness, yet also signals ongoing active TB transmission in the community. Conclusion: The upward trend in TB prevalence in Bolaang Mongondow Regency underscores the need for comprehensive control strategies, including strengthened contact tracing, intensified public education on transmission risks, and community-based inclusive treatment approaches. These measures are essential to achieve sustainable TB elimination targets. Keywords: Tuberculosis, prevalence, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, epidemiology, public health, Indonesia

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