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Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences
Published by Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30892732     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences (JEHS) adalah jurnal ilmiah hasil kolaborasi antara Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher dan Politeknik Baubau Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal ini menerbitkan hasil penelitian dan studi tentang epidemiologi dan isu-isu ilmu kesehatan. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang distribusi, penentu, dan pencegahan penyakit di tingkat populasi. Selain itu, JEHS juga memuat artikel yang mengeksplorasi pendekatan inovatif untuk promosi kesehatan, evaluasi intervensi kesehatan masyarakat, dan analisis faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kesehatan global dan lokal. Setiap artikel yang diterbitkan melalui proses peer-review untuk memastikan kualitas dan relevansi ilmiah. Dengan demikian, JEHS menjadi forum bagi para peneliti, praktisi, dan akademisi untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan dan temuan terbaru yang dapat memengaruhi kebijakan kesehatan dan praktik epidemiologi di berbagai konteks geografis dan populasi.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 67 Documents
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Analysis of Risk Factors for Hypertension and Their Relationship with the Level of Public Awareness in Fakfak Regency Nur Ain; Rusmawan Awa
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1347

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a growing public health concern in Fakfak Regency, West Papua. Secondary health profile data from 2016–2018 indicate a sharp increase in prevalence, from 13.9% in 2016 to 42.8% in 2018. Contributing factors are suspected to include unhealthy lifestyles, inadequate access to healthcare services, and genetic predisposition. The lack of comprehensive health education may have also played a role. Objective: To analyze risk factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in Fakfak Regency during 2016–2018. Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive design with secondary data obtained from the Fakfak Regency Health Profiles (2016–2018). Data were analyzed to identify trends, patterns, and contributing factors. While some improvements in hypertension management outcomes were observed, they remained below national targets. The limited prioritization of hypertension services before the implementation of the 2019 Minister of Health Regulation on the latest SPM indicators, along with delayed reporting from primary health centers, contributed to low service coverage. Results: The findings indicate a consistent rise in hypertension prevalence over the three-year period. Key contributing factors include lifestyle behaviors, limited healthcare accessibility, and genetic influences. Conclusion: The increasing burden of hypertension in Fakfak Regency highlights the urgent need for comprehensive, multisectoral interventions. Strengthening health education, improving access to care, and conducting further research with primary data are essential for effective prevention and control strategies. Keywords: hypertension, risk factors, community awareness, Fakfak Regency, West Papua
Distribution of Malnutrition Cases in Infants in Kabupaten Buol, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah 2018–2020 Sitti Nurhaliza; Rifdah Nabiilah Halik
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1353

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is defined as a condition of impaired nutritional status measured by the weight-for-age (BW/A) index, corresponding to the classifications of underweight and severely underweight. A toddler is categorized as malnourished if the BW/A index value is below −3 standard deviations (SD). Malnutrition among toddlers is a serious public health issue influenced by socioeconomic conditions, maternal knowledge, infectious diseases, and environmental factors. Objective: This study aims to analyze the distribution of malnutrition cases among toddlers in Buol Regency during 2018–2020 using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency. Methods: A descriptive quantitative approach was applied, utilizing documentation studies and analysis of malnutrition case trends presented in graphs and tables to illustrate temporal patterns. Results: The findings indicate a year-to-year decline in malnutrition cases; however, the prevalence remains relatively high. Key contributing factors include low socioeconomic status, limited maternal knowledge, and inadequate access to sanitation and healthcare services. Conclusion: Addressing malnutrition in Buol Regency requires a comprehensive multisectoral approach that integrates socioeconomic improvement, health education, and enhanced access to sanitation and healthcare facilities. Sustained intervention is crucial to maintain and accelerate the reduction in malnutrition cases. Keywords: toddlers, underweight, sanitation, malnutrition, Indonesia
Analysis of Patterns and Risk Factors for Malaria Incidence in Mimika Regency, Central Papua Indonesia in 2022-2025 Fitra Wati; Sarliani
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1360

Abstract

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease that is still a public health problem in Indonesia, especially in the Papua region, including Mimika Regency. Malaria transmission is influenced by environmental, physical, biological, and behavioral factors of the community. Mimika Regency ranks first with the highest number of malaria cases in Indonesia, and various control efforts have been carried out but cases are still high. Objective: This study aims to analyze the patterns and risk factors of malaria incidence in Mimika Regency, Central Papua, in 2022–2025. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach with a correlational design. Data was collected through surveys and documentation of malaria cases in Nawaripi Village, Mimika Regency. The analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between environmental, behavioral, and malaria incidence factors. Results: The results show that the incidence of malaria in Mimika Regency is still very high, with an increasing trend of cases from year to year. Environmental factors such as poor sanitation, the presence of swamps, and waterlogging, as well as the behavior of people who do not use insecticide-treated mosquito nets and often do activities outside the house at night, contribute to the high incidence of malaria. Conclusion: The pattern of malaria incidence in Mimika Regency is influenced by a combination of environmental factors and community behavior. Control efforts need to be focused on improving the environment, educating healthy behaviors, and strengthening malaria prevention programs in a sustainable manner.
Overview of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi in 2018-2021 Sarnilawati; Ririn Ali Rahmin
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1366

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an endemic disease that remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia, including in North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. The high morbidity and potential mortality associated with DHF underscore the importance of evaluating case trends and identifying contributing factors. In North Sulawesi, the incidence of DHF has increased in recent years, potentially driven by seasonal variations, community behavioral patterns, and suboptimal surveillance systems. Objective: This study aims to describe the trend of DHF incidence in North Minahasa Regency during 2018–2021 and to analyze the factors influencing fluctuations in case numbers over the period. Methods: A quantitative descriptive–analytical approach was employed to describe and examine the factors affecting DHF incidence in North Minahasa Regency, utilizing available surveillance data. Results: The findings show a decline in DHF cases from 329 cases in 2018 to 72 cases in 2021. This decrease reflects improvements in control measures, particularly through mosquito breeding site eradication programs and enhanced community participation. Conclusion: There was a downward trend in DHF incidence in North Minahasa Regency from 2018 to 2021, indicating strengthened disease control efforts. However, maintaining program sustainability is crucial to prevent potential resurgence in the future. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, incidence rate, epidemiology, North Minahasa, Indonesia
HIV/AIDS Cases in Nabire Regency, Papua: Identification of Trends and Risk Factors in 2021 Wika Purnama Syair; Shinta Dwi Aryanti
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1375

Abstract

Background: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nabire Regency has escalated significantly, making it the region with the highest number of cases in Papua Province. Women of childbearing age are disproportionately affected due to socio-cultural vulnerabilities and limited access to information and healthcare. Most patients are in their productive years, possess low educational attainment, are married, and contract the disease primarily through unprotected heterosexual intercourse. Contributing factors include inadequate healthcare services, low awareness, strong social stigma, poor adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, and high prevalence of comorbidities such as tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis B. Culture-based strategies, targeted education, and expanded health service coverage are essential to control the epidemic. Objective: This study aims to analyze HIV/AIDS cases in Nabire Regency, focusing on identifying high-risk groups and determining factors influencing incidence. Methods: A quantitative descriptive approach was applied to examine demographic characteristics and temporal trends of HIV/AIDS cases in Nabire Regency using secondary data from 2018–2022. Results: The majority of patients were women (65.6%), under 45 years old (74.4%), with low education (55.5%), employed (67.8%), married (64.4%), and of Papuan ethnicity (88.9%). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 95.6% of cases. Case numbers increased from 7,291 in 2018 to 9,073 in 2022, reflecting continued transmission and improved case detection. Conclusion: The rising HIV/AIDS trend in Nabire Regency is driven by unprotected heterosexual intercourse, compounded by socio-cultural barriers and limited services. Comprehensive, culturally sensitive interventions and improved healthcare access are urgently required. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Nabire Regency, Papua, epidemic, women, heterosexual transmission, Indonesia
Overview of Malaria Incidence Based on Secondary Data in Asmat Regency, South Papua: 2010-2022 Ade Sri Wahyuni; Selfin Dwiyanti
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1383

Abstract

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted through the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes. It remains a significant global health problem and continues to be a major public health concern in Indonesia. Although the national incidence rate has shown a declining trend, certain regions particularly in eastern Indonesia still report high case numbers. Asmat Regency in South Papua is one of the areas that is significantly affected. This study aims to provide an overview of malaria incidence trends in Asmat Regency based on available secondary data. Objective: To describe the trends and characteristics of malaria incidence in Asmat Regency based on secondary data from the Asmat Regency Health Office. Method: This study employed a quantitative descriptive design using secondary data obtained from the Asmat Regency Health Office. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables and graphs. Results: The analysis revealed fluctuations in laboratory-confirmed malaria morbidity rates over the observed years. The graphical trends indicate periods of notable increases and decreases, although the incidence unit (case rate/CR) was not specified. Conclusion: The malaria morbidity rate in Asmat Regency demonstrates complex fluctuation patterns. Further research with more comprehensive datasets and in-depth analysis is required to identify the contributing factors and to assess the effectiveness of existing malaria control programs. Keywords: Malaria, Anopheles, Plasmodium, Asmat Regency, South Papua, Indonesia
The Relationship between the Incidence of Diarrheal Disease and Environmental Health Sanitation in Sigi Regency, Sulawesi Tengah 2023 Sri Anawati; Wa Ode Yanti
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i2.1387

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is defined as the passage of stools more than three times a day, typically with loose or watery consistency, and may contain blood or mucus. It is a common condition and a significant public health problem worldwide (World Health Organization, 2019). In Indonesia, diarrhea remains a communicable disease that spreads easily and can lead to serious health consequences across all age groups. Objective: This study aims to describe the number of diarrhea cases affecting people of all ages in Central Sulawesi Province in 2023, based on data from the Central Sulawesi Provincial Health Profile. Methods: A descriptive case study design was employed. The study population consisted of patients of all ages diagnosed with diarrhea in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, with consideration of environmental sanitation factors. Data on diarrhea cases were compiled from health center (Puskesmas) reports across 13 regencies/cities and presented in graphical form. Results: The analysis showed that the highest number of diarrhea cases for all ages occurred in Palu City, which also has the largest population in the province. Reports from health facilities indicated that Palu City accounted for 134.23% of the provincial case total. Across Central Sulawesi, the coverage of diarrhea case detection for all ages was 35.89% in 2021, decreased slightly to 32.98% in 2022, and increased to 40.57% in 2023. Conclusion: The fluctuating coverage of diarrhea case detection highlights the need for strengthened surveillance and improved environmental sanitation to reduce the disease burden. Keywords: Diarrheal disease, case detection, environmental sanitation, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Diarrhea in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Descriptive Analysis 2020-2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Nunung Sari
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1408

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal disease remains a major public health challenge in developing regions, including Indonesia, due to its strong association with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions. Nunukan Regency, characterized by its geographical and infrastructural constraints, continues to experience a substantial burden of diarrhea cases, particularly among vulnerable populations. Objectives: This study aimed to describe and analyze the temporal distribution of diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency from 2020 to 2023 in order to identify trends and highlight implications for public health interventions. Methods: A descriptive observational study design was employed using secondary surveillance data on reported diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency for the period 2020–2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of a bar chart to illustrate annual trends in diarrhea incidence. Results: The findings indicate a fluctuating trend in diarrhea cases over the study period. A total of 1,536 cases were reported in 2020, followed by a substantial increase to 3,371 cases in 2021. In 2022, the number of cases declined to 2,903, and a more pronounced reduction was observed in 2023, with 1,257 reported cases. Despite the decreasing trend in the latter years, the overall incidence of diarrhea remained relatively high. Conclusion: Diarrhea continues to represent a significant public health concern in Nunukan Regency, as evidenced by persistently high case numbers and notable annual fluctuations. Sustained and integrated interventions focusing on improving access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene practices are essential to achieve long-term reductions in diarrheal disease incidence in the region.
Analysis of Trends and Management of Leprosy in Padang City Rosmi; Salma; Vivit Novianti; Syahwa Ramadhani; Samal
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1416

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves and is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Despite being one of the oldest known infectious diseases, leprosy remains associated with strong social stigma and discrimination. These social barriers often delay treatment-seeking behavior and contribute to adverse clinical and psychosocial consequences for affected individuals. Objective: This study aimed to describe the number of leprosy cases in Padang City from 2017 to 2021, to outline the clinical manifestations and management of leprosy, and to highlight prevention and control efforts implemented at the primary health care level. Methods: Secondary data were obtained from the Padang City Health Profile for the period 2017–2021, an annual report published by the Padang City Health Office. Data were collected through the recording and reporting system of community health centers (Puskesmas) in Padang City. Descriptive analysis was conducted based on the number of cases, age distribution, sex, and trends in new case detection. Results: In 2021, a total of 19 new leprosy cases were reported in Padang City. The leprosy prevalence rate was 0.47 per 10,000 population, while the proportion of new cases with grade 2 disability reached 10.52%, indicating delays in early detection. Case finding was primarily conducted through active screening activities and home visits by health workers. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of leprosy in Padang City remains relatively low, the continued detection of new cases indicates that leprosy has not yet been fully eliminated. Strengthening early detection, ensuring comprehensive treatment, and reducing social stigma are critical strategies for interrupting leprosy transmission and improving patient outcomes in the community.
Epidemiological Trends and Social Determinants of HIV/AIDS in Riau Province, Indonesia, 2012–2021 Tyara Ramadhani; Sabitah Salsabila; Salsabila Awalia Nurmayanti; Risma Anugrah; Reskipin Saputri Kiro
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1419

Abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain major global public health challenges. Although no curative treatment is available, disease progression and transmission can be effectively controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART). In Indonesia, including Riau Province, HIV and AIDS cases continue to increase, particularly among key populations and individuals of productive age. Persistent stigma and discrimination remain critical barriers to prevention, early detection, and access to treatment services. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution and temporal trends of HIV and AIDS cases in Riau Province from 2012 to 2021 using official surveillance data. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the Riau Provincial Health Profile. The data were analyzed systematically to identify patterns and trends in HIV and AIDS cases over a ten-year period and were presented graphically to facilitate interpretation. Results: The findings revealed a fluctuating but overall increasing trend in HIV and AIDS cases in Riau Province between 2012 and 2021. The highest proportion of cases occurred among individuals aged 25–49 years. Males accounted for more than 79% of reported HIV and AIDS cases in 2021. The predominant risk factors included unprotected sexual intercourse, high-risk sexual behaviors, and the use of non-sterile needles. Stigma and discrimination were identified as major obstacles hindering early diagnosis and utilization of healthcare services. Comprehensive prevention strategies, including health education, strengthened health services, and biomedical interventions such as ART, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), are therefore essential. Conclusion: HIV and AIDS remain a significant public health concern in Riau Province. Integrated, multisectoral approaches are required to reduce transmission and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS sustainably.

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