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Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences
Published by Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30892732     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences (JEHS) adalah jurnal ilmiah hasil kolaborasi antara Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher dan Politeknik Baubau Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal ini menerbitkan hasil penelitian dan studi tentang epidemiologi dan isu-isu ilmu kesehatan. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang distribusi, penentu, dan pencegahan penyakit di tingkat populasi. Selain itu, JEHS juga memuat artikel yang mengeksplorasi pendekatan inovatif untuk promosi kesehatan, evaluasi intervensi kesehatan masyarakat, dan analisis faktor risiko yang memengaruhi kesehatan global dan lokal. Setiap artikel yang diterbitkan melalui proses peer-review untuk memastikan kualitas dan relevansi ilmiah. Dengan demikian, JEHS menjadi forum bagi para peneliti, praktisi, dan akademisi untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan dan temuan terbaru yang dapat memengaruhi kebijakan kesehatan dan praktik epidemiologi di berbagai konteks geografis dan populasi.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 67 Documents
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Distribution Patterns of Tuberculosis in South Sumatra: A Descriptive Analysis from 2019 to 2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Sri Ramdayani Apdi; Syahlani; Sumarniyati; Reva Muftira Jamil
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1422

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest rate of tuberculosis burden in the world, ranking second globally. Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the global health problems that can have a major impact on quality of life, with higher mortality rates and lower recovery rates due to poorer medication adherence. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution of tuberculosis cases in the South Sumatra Province area during the 2019–2023 period based on secondary data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach by analyzing secondary data sourced from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile document. Data is analyzed in the form of graphs and tables and described narratively to identify patterns and trends of cases. Results: Tuberculosis cases are flaxative from year to year. A decrease in cases was recorded in certain years, but some indicators such as maternal mortality remained high. Geographical factors, limited health facilities, and socio-cultural factors are expected to be the main contributors to this trend. Conclusion: The distribution of tuberculosis cases in South Sumatra is influenced by several factors and shows the need to increase control efforts evenly throughout the region.
Patterns of Dengue Fever Incidence in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Evidence from 2018–2022 Surveillance Data Wa Ode Nur Safia; Syafiqah Rizky Ariesta Kamaluddin; Zalsabila Nur; Suci Ramadani; Wa Ode Suci Munawar
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1425

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes. Over recent decades, the incidence of DHF has increased substantially at both global and national levels, including in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This escalating trend underscores the need for evidence-based and integrated vector control strategies to reduce disease morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution and temporal trends of DHF cases in West Kalimantan Province from 2018 to 2022, with particular emphasis on incidence dynamics, environmental risk factors, and the role of vector control efforts. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the West Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile. Annual DHF case data were systematically analyzed and presented in graphical form, followed by narrative interpretation to identify distribution patterns and temporal trends over the study period. Results: The analysis revealed a fluctuating trend in DHF incidence between 2018 and 2022. A marked decline in reported cases was observed during 2020–2021, which is likely associated with reduced population mobility and public health restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a resurgence of cases occurred in 2022. These fluctuations highlight the importance of sustained dengue control interventions, particularly in densely populated areas and environments conducive to mosquito breeding. Community knowledge and preventive behaviors, including the implementation of mosquito nest eradication (PSN), were found to play a crucial role in influencing DHF incidence. Additionally, environmental conditions, sanitation, and population mobility emerged as key determinants of dengue transmission. Conclusion: DHF incidence in West Kalimantan exhibited significant temporal variation from 2018 to 2022. Strengthening community education, promoting 3M practices, and implementing sustainable vector control innovations are essential to effectively reduce dengue transmission.
Coastal Area Waste Sources, Indonesia: A Review Pebriyanto Setiawan; Wa Janaria Rumbia
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1427

Abstract

Background: Waste is a waste product from various human activities that can pollute the environment, especially in coastal areas. This literature review examines various sources of waste, including household waste, industrial waste, and tourism activities, and their impacts on public health and marine ecosystems in coastal areas. Objective: This literature review is to review scientific articles on coastal area waste sources in Indonesia. Methods: The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was used with journal selection using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow. The journals used were journals published from 2016 to 2025. The journal search was carried out using the keyword, coastal area waste sources. Results: The selected articles came from Indonesia. Based on the literature review that has been conducted, it shows that people's behavior that is less aware of the importance of waste management contributes greatly to pollution. The level of public knowledge about the impact of waste is still low, which results in a lot of waste being disposed of carelessly. A significant relationship between waste disposal behavior and public health is indicated by the high prevalence of pollution-related diseases, such as diarrhea and skin diseases. Conclusion: To overcome this problem, intensive education efforts, provision of adequate waste management facilities, and stricter law enforcement are needed. Effective waste management is expected to improve the quality of public health and the sustainability of the coastal environment.  
Analysis of Estimated Deaths from Hypertension in Pregnant Women and Population Aged ≥15 Years by Gender in Central Kalimantan Province in 2021 Pitrah Asfian; Windi Wulandari; Wa Ode Siti Nurfauzah; Zahra Sa'ada Fatiyyah Tanzil; Wulan Sagitat Aprilianti; Wa Ode Aurela Utami Putri Djumain; Yuliana Safitri
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1430

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases and a leading contributor to global mortality. It significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, including stroke and heart disease, and adversely affects quality of life. In Indonesia, including Central Kalimantan Province, hypertension represents a major public health concern, with a consistently increasing trend in both prevalence and hypertension-related mortality. According to the 2021 Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile, hypertension ranks among the five leading causes of death, particularly affecting individuals of productive age, the elderly, and pregnant women. These groups require targeted and sustained interventions to prevent adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aims to analyze the estimated number of hypertension cases and related deaths among individuals aged ≥15 years and pregnant women in Central Kalimantan Province in 2021, stratified by sex. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the 2021 Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office Profile. Data were analyzed narratively to describe the distribution of hypertension cases and mortality patterns across districts. Results: The analysis identified 646,208 individuals aged ≥15 years diagnosed with hypertension, with the highest case burden observed in Kapuas Regency and Palangka Raya City. Overall, hypertension prevalence was higher among men, although higher proportions among women were observed in selected districts, including East Kotawaringin and Lamandau. Hypertension-related mortality among pregnant women was highest in Kapuas Regency. Health promotion interventions and the utilization of complementary approaches, such as red ginger and cucumber consumption, demonstrated potential benefits in reducing hypertension risk. Conclusion: Effective hypertension management in Central Kalimantan requires comprehensive and gender-sensitive strategies, particularly for vulnerable populations. Education-based interventions and complementary therapies may serve as supportive preventive measures.
Epidemiological Study on Distribution Patterns of HIV Positive Cases and New AIDS Cases in Central Kalimantan Province Wa Ode Azifa Malia; Wa Ode Fildayanti; Wa Ode Heldani; Yeti Purnama Alam; Yuliani; Zulfita
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1432

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS is a global public health problem that has a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals and creates a burden on the health care system. Central Kalimantan Province, with its unique geographic and demographic characteristics, faces its own challenges in controlling and combating the spread of HIV/AIDS. The dynamics of the spread of this disease in the region show a complexity that requires cross-sectoral attention and evidence-based interventions from stakeholders.Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution pattern of HIV/AIDS cases in Central Kalimantan Province during the period 2017 to 2021. The focus of the analysis includes the number of HIV and AIDS cases by gender and age group, using secondary data obtained from the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office.Method: The approach used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method. The data analyzed are secondary data sourced from official documents of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office in the last five years. Data analysis is carried out by organizing information in the form of tables and graphs to facilitate the interpretation of case distribution patterns visually and statistically.Results: The analysis results show an increase in the number of HIV cases from 181 cases in 2017 to 264 cases in 2021, while AIDS cases increased from 48 cases to 143 cases in the same period. The majority of cases were found in the male group and the productive age group (25–49 years), reflecting the vulnerability of this group to HIV infection. In addition, in 2021, 22 deaths due to AIDS were recorded, most of which occurred in men. These findings indicate the importance of formulating prevention and treatment strategies that are more targeted at vulnerable groups, as well as the need to increase awareness and access to comprehensive health services.Conclusion: The increasing trend of HIV/AIDS cases in Central Kalimantan over the past five years shows the urgency of the need for serious attention from local governments and related sectors in implementing data-based, effective, and sustainable health policies. Interventions that focus on education, early detection, and expanding the scope of treatment and prevention services are expected to suppress the rate of spread of HIV/AIDS in this region.
A Descriptive Analysis of Tuberculosis Deaths in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, 2017–2021 Sitti Fadhilah Milu; Santri Fitran Umanahu; Rufianti; Syarifah Aisiyah Syaqila; Rusmin
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1433

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem, including in Indonesia, and is explicitly targeted for control and elimination within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs but may also involve other organs. Indonesia is among the countries with the highest TB burden worldwide. In Lampung Province, particularly in Bandar Lampung City, TB cases have shown an increasing trend over recent years. TB transmission and outcomes are strongly influenced by nutritional status, host immunity, patients’ knowledge and behavior, as well as persistent social stigma, which often leads to delayed diagnosis and poor treatment adherence. Therefore, evidence-based control efforts, including systematic surveillance and data-driven monitoring, are essential to better understand disease patterns and inform effective interventions. Objective: This study aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis-related deaths in Bandar Lampung City during the period 2017–2021 based on secondary data from the municipal health profile. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was employed using secondary data obtained from the Bandar Lampung City Health Profile. Data on annual TB-related deaths were analyzed descriptively by organizing them into tables and graphical presentations, followed by narrative interpretation to identify temporal patterns and trends. Results: The findings indicate fluctuations in the tuberculosis case notification rate (CNR), with the highest level observed in 2019 and a marked decline in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of TB cases among children was relatively low (35.1%), suggesting limitations in contact tracing and early case detection. Furthermore, the bacteriologically confirmed TB cure rate in 2021 was only 55.6%, reflecting challenges in treatment adherence and program effectiveness. TB-related mortality during treatment remained high, with 65 reported deaths, highlighting gaps in service quality and patient monitoring. Conclusion: TB control in Bandar Lampung City continues to face substantial challenges, including unstable case reporting, low detection among children, suboptimal cure rates, and high mortality during treatment. Strengthening surveillance systems, improving health worker capacity, and ensuring equitable quality of TB services across health facilities are critical to improving TB control outcomes.
Trends in Tuberculosis Treatment Success Rates in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, 2021–2023 Walpian Noranas; Wa Nuni; Wulandari; Yunita Dewi Damayanti; Zaskia Sabrina Qhalbi; Putri Feta Sweety
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1436

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterized by the formation of necrotic granulomatous tissue (caseous necrosis) as an immunological response to infection. TB is primarily transmitted through airborne droplets and spreads more readily among individuals with compromised immune systems. It is estimated that one person with active TB can infect up to 10–15 individuals in close contact. The disease disproportionately affects the productive age group, thereby exerting a substantial impact on human resource quality and economic productivity. Despite ongoing control efforts, TB remains a major public health challenge globally and in Indonesia. East Kalimantan Province ranks 17th nationally and second within the Kalimantan region in terms of TB case burden. Objective: This study aims to describe the tuberculosis treatment success rate in East Kalimantan Province during the period 2021–2023. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using secondary data obtained from the East Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile. Data were analyzed based on annual TB treatment success rates and presented in graphical form to identify temporal patterns and trends. Results: The findings indicate an improvement in TB treatment success rates in certain years between 2021 and 2023. This upward trend reflects the effectiveness of regional TB control program implementation, including case detection, treatment adherence, and monitoring mechanisms. Conclusion: The tuberculosis treatment success rate in East Kalimantan Province demonstrates a positive trend. Nevertheless, persistent challenges such as delayed diagnosis, poor treatment adherence, and limited access to healthcare services remain. Strengthening community education, enhancing healthcare service capacity, and improving early detection are essential to support TB elimination efforts in the region.
Demographic Distribution of Leprosy Cases in South Sumatra Province: An Analysis of Health Profile Data, 2019–2023 Sri Wahyuni Ihsan; Suci Fauziah; Sitti Zahra Inayah; Santri; Scholastika Melshe Pabutung
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1440

Abstract

Background: Leprosy remains a public health concern in Indonesia despite the achievement of national elimination status. Fluctuations in case numbers indicate ongoing transmission, particularly in certain regions. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the distribution of leprosy cases in South Sumatra Province based on demographic characteristics during the period 2019–2023. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was employed using secondary data obtained from the Provincial Health Profile of South Sumatra. The data included annual leprosy case numbers, classification by type of leprosy (paucibacillary and multibacillary), and demographic variables. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented narratively, supported by bar charts and graphical visualizations to illustrate temporal trends and distribution patterns. Results: To showed that the number of leprosy cases fluctuated over the five-year period, with the highest number reported in 2019, followed by a general decline in subsequent years. Both paucibacillary and multibacillary cases were identified each year, with multibacillary cases remaining predominant. The persistence of multibacillary cases and the presence of cases among younger age groups suggest that leprosy transmission has not been fully interrupted. Geographic disparities, limited access to health services, and socio-cultural factors were identified as potential contributors to the observed distribution patterns. Conclusion: although the prevalence of leprosy in South Sumatra has declined, active transmission persists. Strengthening early case detection, improving access to health services, and enhancing the capacity of health workers are essential to support sustained leprosy control and prevent disability. These findings provide evidence to inform regional policy and targeted intervention strategies.
Distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Cases in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia: Descriptive Analysis from 2018 to 2022 Suci Rahmadani; Syela Christy Janri; Sani Zahra; Sartika; Resyanti Glorya Lestari
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1441

Abstract

Background: The increase in cases and mortality rates due to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) from year to year requires systematic monitoring of epidemiological trends as a basis for formulating effective public health policies. Objective: This study aims to describe the trend of DHF cases in South Sumatra Province during the period 2018–2022, provide an overview of the epidemiology of the disease, and determine the priorities for public health interventions. Method: This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach by utilizing secondary data obtained from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile. Data collection was carried out through a documentation study of morbidity rates, mortality rates, and distribution of DHF cases by district/city. Data analysis was carried out descriptively using tables and graphs to identify patterns of occurrence. Results: The analysis results show fluctuations in the incidence of DHF with a peak Incidence Rate (IR) of 33 per 100,000 population in 2019 and 2022. The highest Case Fatality Rate (CFR) was recorded in 2018 and 2022 at 1.1%, respectively. This trend variation is thought to be influenced by changes in climate conditions, community behavior, and vector resistance to the insecticides used. Conclusion: DHF is still a significant health problem in South Sumatra Province. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen prevention efforts through interventions that focus on changing community behavior, improving the environment, and sustainable vector control to reduce the incidence and mortality due to DHF.
Gender Differences in Estimated Mortality Due to Hypertension Among Pregnant Women and Adults Aged ≥15 Years in Central Kalimantan Province, 2021 Devi Savitri Effendy; Windi Wulandari; Wa Ode Siti Nurfauzah; Zahra Sa'ada Fatiyyah Tanzil; Wulan Sagitat Aprilianti; Wa Ode Aurela Utami Putri Djumain; Yuliana Safitri
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1442

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This condition substantially increases the risk of severe complications, including stroke and cardiovascular disease, and negatively affects patients’ quality of life. In Indonesia, including Central Kalimantan Province, hypertension represents a major public health concern, with a consistent increase in both incidence and mortality rates over recent years. According to the 2021 Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Profile, hypertension ranks among the top five causes of death, particularly affecting individuals of productive age and the elderly. Pregnant women and residents aged ≥15 years constitute high-risk populations that require targeted and comprehensive hypertension management strategies. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the estimated number of hypertension cases and hypertension-related deaths among individuals aged ≥15 years and pregnant women in Central Kalimantan Province in 2021, stratified by gender. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design with narrative analysis was employed. Secondary data were obtained from the 2021 Health Profile of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office. Results: A total of 646.208 individuals aged ≥15 years were identified as having hypertension, with the highest numbers reported in Kapuas Regency and Palangka Raya City. Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was higher among men, except in several districts, including East Kotawaringin and Lamandau, where female cases predominated. The highest number of hypertension-related maternal deaths was recorded in Kapuas Regency. Health promotion initiatives and the utilization of natural ingredients, such as red ginger and cucumber, demonstrate potential as complementary approaches to reducing hypertension-related risks. Conclusion: Comprehensive hypertension management is essential, particularly for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and adults aged ≥15 years. Education-based interventions, supported by lifestyle modification and the use of natural remedies, may serve as effective strategies for hypertension prevention and control.

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