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Rechtenstudent Journal
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember
ISSN : 27230406     EISSN : 27755304     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35719/rch.v6i3
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Rechtenstudent Journal publishes articles on law studies from various perspectives, literature studies, and field studies. This journal emphasizes aspects of positive legal with special reference to socio-legal activities, legal politics, criminal, civil, and the doctrine of both positive law/ Islam. We invite comprehensive observations on the expression of law with various dimensions in particular. This journal, which is a forum for the study of Indonesian law supports studies that are focused on certain themes and interdisciplinary studies related to the subject; so that it becomes a medium for exchanging ideas and research results from various perspectives that have interacted scientifically.
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Articles 235 Documents
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Optimization of Visa Services through Information Technology at the South Jakarta Immigration Office Based on Immigration Law Abigail Syaqiena Hadinagoro; Muhammad Imam Nasef
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Rechtenstudent April 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i1.421

Abstract

The use of information technology in visa services can provide convenience; however, it also gives rise to various problems, as experienced at the South Jakarta Immigration Office, including ineffective mechanisms, technical disruptions, and the potential for identity falsification. The research problems addressed in this study concern how information technology is used in visa services at the South Jakarta Immigration Office based on Law Number 63 of 2024 in conjunction with Law Number 6 of 2011, as well as the obstacles encountered in the use of information technology in visa services at the South Jakarta Immigration Office. This study employs a normative research method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through literature studies and interviews and analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that visa services at the South Jakarta Immigration Office have implemented information technology through an online-based e-visa system as regulated in Law Number 63 of 2024 in conjunction with Law Number 6 of 2011. All visa application processes are conducted digitally and in real time. The obstacles encountered include internal constraints, such as discrepancies in uploaded data, system validation failures, and technical disruptions, as well as external constraints, including the risk of cyberattacks, potential data breaches, and low levels of users’ digital literacy. These obstacles have been addressed through improvements in technological infrastructure, strengthening of digital security, and the provision of online guidelines to ensure the continuity of optimal services. The Government is expected to enhance continuous evaluation of the electronic visa system.
Positive Fictitious Lawsuits in the Digital Era: Challenges Executing Administrative Court Decisions in OSS Saan Saan; Tubagus Ahmad Ramadan
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Rechtenstudent April 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i1.424

Abstract

The introduction of the positive fictitious doctrine through Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration is a significant effort to realize legal certainty for the public regarding the silence of bureaucratic authorities. However, the transformation of public services into the Online Single Submission (OSS) system after the Job Creation Law has created a new legal paradox. This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the OSS system on positive fictitious procedures and identify obstacles in executing Administrative Court (PTUN) decisions against algorithm-based systems. Using a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach, this study finds that the digitalization of bureaucracy tends to reduce official discretion, which is a core element in the Residue Theory. A crucial problem arises when PTUN decisions that have permanent legal force cannot be accommodated by the rigid and automated algorithms of the OSS system, thereby creating legal uncertainty. This study concludes the need for legal reconstruction through the synchronization of the Supreme Court's E-Court system with the OSS system, as well as updating procedural regulations to ensure the effectiveness of decision execution in the era of smart governance.
Professionalism And Role Expansion: A Review Of The Politics Industry On The Placement Of Active Police Officers In Civilian Positions Following The Revision Of The 2026 Police Officers Law Ahmad Fauzan; Akhmad Faqihudinzuhdi; A. Faiq Bahtiar
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Rechtenstudent August 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i2.446

Abstract

The Third Amendment to Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police, passed by the House of Representatives on 9 June 2026 and promulgated as Law Number 5 of 2026, has sparked significant debate over placing active police officers in civilian positions without requiring them to resign from active service. Article 28A permits such placement insofar as the position bears a connection to police functions. The government frames this policy as a way to strengthen professionalism and optimize state administrative resources. In contrast, critics contend that widening civilian access for active officers may create overlapping authorities, erode institutional neutrality, and weaken the principle of civilian supremacy. This study examines the regulation of active police officers' placement in civilian offices under the Third Amendment and analyses the policy from the perspective of siyāsah dustūriyyah. It employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Primary legal materials comprise legislation and relevant Constitutional Court decisions, while secondary materials include constitutional law literature, Islamic political jurisprudence, and indexed journal articles; the analysis combines legal interpretation with the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and established legal maxims. The findings indicate that such placement is justifiable only when it serves genuine public welfare, responds to real institutional needs, and preserves accountability and civilian supremacy. From the perspective of siyāsah dustūriyyah, the policy must be constrained by the principles of trustworthiness (amānah), public benefit (maṣlaḥah), and the prevention of harm (dar’ al-mafāsid) so that it does not evolve into an excessive expansion of authority contrary to the objectives of just and constitutional governance. Keywords: constitutional politics; civilian supremacy; Indonesian National Police; civilian positions; maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Perubahan Ketiga Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia yang disetujui Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat pada 9 Juni 2026 dan diundangkan sebagai Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2026 menimbulkan perdebatan mengenai perluasan ruang penempatan anggota Polri aktif pada jabatan sipil tanpa harus mengundurkan diri dari dinas kepolisian. Pasal 28A membuka penempatan tersebut sepanjang jabatan tersebut memiliki keterkaitan dengan fungsi kepolisian. Pemerintah memandang kebijakan ini sebagai instrumen untuk memperkuat profesionalisme dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya aparatur negara, sedangkan sejumlah kalangan menilai perluasan akses jabatan sipil bagi anggota Polri aktif berpotensi menimbulkan tumpang tindih kewenangan, mengganggu netralitas institusi, serta melemahkan prinsip supremasi sipil. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaturan penempatan anggota Polri aktif pada jabatan sipil dalam Perubahan Ketiga tersebut dan mengkajinya melalui perspektif siyāsah dustūriyyah. Penelitian merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif. Bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang relevan, sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder meliputi literatur hukum tata negara, fikih siyasah, dan artikel jurnal terindeks; analisis memadukan interpretasi hukum dengan pendekatan maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dan kaidah-kaidah fikih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penempatan anggota Polri aktif pada jabatan sipil hanya dapat dibenarkan apabila memenuhi kemaslahatan umum, menjawab kebutuhan kelembagaan yang nyata, serta tetap menjamin akuntabilitas dan supremasi sipil. Dalam perspektif siyāsah dustūriyyah, kebijakan tersebut harus dibatasi oleh prinsip amanah, kemaslahatan, dan pencegahan kerusakan agar tidak berkembang menjadi ekspansi peran yang bertentangan dengan tujuan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang adil dan konstitusional. Kata kunci: siyāsah dustūriyyah; supremasi sipil; Polri; jabatan sipil; maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.
Reforming Legal Protection for Children through Pre-Marriage Counselling Services to Prevent Child Marriage at the Office of Religious Affairs Busriyanti; Erfina Fuadatul; Umar Chamdan
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Rechtenstudent August 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i2.448

Abstract

Child marriage remains a persistent legal and social challenge in Indonesia, despite legal reforms that have raised the minimum age for marriage. The Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) plays a strategic role in preventing child marriage through the provision of pre-marital counselling, particularly through the Marriage Counselling (Bimwin) and School-Age Youth Counselling (BRUS) programmes. This study aims to critically analyse legal protection for children through the model of pre-marital counselling service management in the context of child marriage, as well as the extent to which pre-marital counselling functions as a legal protection tool for children when evaluated through the framework of Islamic family law. The research method employed was descriptive qualitative analysis based on a socio-legal approach, with data selected from the KUA offices in Ajung, Pakusari, and Sumbersari in Jember Regency through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary analysis. The research findings indicate that the model of pre-marital course practices at the KUA in cases of child marriage is not yet optimal in helping to fulfil children’s rights, as the substance of the material and the service management model remain general in nature and are insufficient in integrating issues of children’s rights and the protection of offspring into programmes for school-age youth guidance and marriage counselling. From the perspective of Islamic family law, this situation indicates that the realisation of the objectives of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, particularly ḥifẓ al-nafs and ḥifẓ al-nasl, has not been optimal. This article emphasises the need to reformulate the management of pre-marital courses so that they are preventive, contextual, and in line with the principles of child protection in Islamic family law. Keywords: child marriage, Office of Religious Affairs (KUA), pre-marital counselling, maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah, islamic family law.   Perkawinan anak tetap menjadi tantangan hukum dan sosial yang persisten di Indonesia, meskipun telah dilakukan reformasi hukum yang menaikkan batas usia minimum untuk menikah. Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) memiliki peran strategis dalam mencegah perkawinan anak melalui pengelolaan bimbingan pra-nikah, khususnya dalam program Bimbingan Pernikahan (Bimwin) dan Bimbingan Remaja Usia Sekolah (BRUS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kritis perlindungan hukum bagi anak melalui model pengelolaan layanan bimbingan pra-nikah dalam konteks pernikahan anak, serta sejauh mana bimbingan pra-nikah berfungsi sebagai alat perlindungan hukum bagi anak ketika dievaluasi melalui kerangka hukum keluarga Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif deskriptif berdasarkan pendekatan sosiologis-hukum, dengan data dipilih dari KUA Ajung, Pakusari, dan Sumbersari di Kabupaten Jember melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model praktik kursus pra-nikah di KUA dalam kasus pernikahan anak belum optimal dalam membantu memenuhi hak-hak anak karena substansi materi dan model pengelolaan layanan masih bersifat umum dan belum memadai dalam mengintegrasikan isu-isu hak anak dan perlindungan keturunan dalam program bimbingan remaja usia sekolah dan bimbingan pernikahan. Dari perspektif hukum keluarga Islam, kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa realisasi tujuan maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, khususnya ḥifẓ al-nafs dan ḥifẓ al-nasl, belum optimal. Artikel ini menekankan perlunya mereformulasi pengelolaan kursus pra-pernikahan agar bersifat preventif, kontekstual, dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip perlindungan anak dalam hukum keluarga Islam. Kata kunci: pernikahan anak, Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA), konseling pranikah, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, hukum keluarga islam.
Reformulation of the Legal Relationship in Corneal Donation Between Donors and the Indonesian Eye Bank Through a Bilateral Agreement Nuril Hikam Efendi
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Rechtenstudent August 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i2.452

Abstract

Corneal donation in Indonesia is currently carried out based on a written declaration as stipulated in Article 42 paragraph (1) letter (a) of Government Regulation Number 53 of 2021, which requires prospective donors to submit a written declaration expressing their voluntary willingness to donate their corneal tissue without receiving any compensation. This condition gives rise to legal issues because a written declaration constitutes a unilateral legal relationship, thereby creating an imbalance in the legal relationship between the parties. Such a written declaration fails to establish equality of legal standing between the donor and the Indonesian Eye Bank and does not regulate the respective legal responsibilities of each party. Accordingly, this study addresses two research problems. First, why has the legal relationship governing corneal donation based on a written declaration, as stipulated in Article 42 paragraph (1) letter (a) of Government Regulation Number 53 of 2021, failed to establish a balanced legal relationship between donors and the Indonesian Eye Bank? Second, how should the legal relationship governing corneal donation between donors and the Indonesian Eye Bank be reformulated through a bilateral agreement based on the Principle of Balance in Legal Relationships? This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, with legal materials analyzed through a prescriptive method. The findings demonstrate that a legal relationship established solely through a written declaration creates a unilateral legal relationship that fails to satisfy the Principle of Balance in Legal Relationships because it is not founded upon mutual consent, does not regulate the parties' rights and obligations proportionately, and does not provide balanced legal protection. This study proposes a reformulation of the legal relationship governing corneal donation through a bilateral agreement that regulates mutual consent, rights and obligations, legal responsibilities, withdrawal of consent, and dispute resolution as legal instruments to ensure legal certainty, justice, and legal expediency for both donors and the Indonesian Eye Bank. Keywords: donation, cornea, donor, indonesian eye bank.   Pendonoran kornea mata di Indonesia saat ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan pernyataan tertulis sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 42 ayat (1) huruf a PP 53/2021 yang mensyaratkan calon pendonor membuat pernyataan tertulis mengenai kesediaan menyumbangkan jaringan kornea mata secara sukarela tanpa meminta imbalan. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan, Penyataan tertulis  merupakan hubungan hukum satu pihak, hal ini menimbulkan ketidak keseimbangan. Pernyataan tertulis belum membentuk keseimbangan kedudukan para pihak dan belum mengatur perihal tanggung jawab hukum masing-masing pihak. Adapun rumusan masalah yaitu pertama, mengapa konstruksi hubungan hukum pendonoran kornea mata yang didasarkan pada pernyataan tertulis sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 42 ayat (1) huruf a PP 53/2021 belum mampu mewujudkan keseimbangan hubungan hukum antara pendonor, kedua yaitu bagaimana reformulasi hubungan hukum pendonoran kornea mata antara pendonor dan Bank Mata Indonesia melalui perjanjian bilateral yang berbasis Prinsip Keseimbangan Hubungan Hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, yang dianalisis secara preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan hukum yang dibangun melalui pernyataan tertulis hanya melahirkan hubungan hukum yang bersifat sepihak sehingga tidak memenuhi prinsip keseimbangan hubungan hukum karena tidak didasarkan pada kesepakatan para pihak, tidak mengatur hak dan kewajiban secara proporsional, serta tidak memberikan perlindungan hukum yang seimbang. Penelitian ini mereformulasikan hubungan hukum pendonoran kornea mata melalui perjanjian bilateral yang mengatur kesepakatan, hak dan kewajiban, tanggung jawab hukum, mekanisme pencabutan persetujuan, dan penyelesaian sengketa sebagai instrumen untuk mewujudkan kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan bagi pendonor maupun Bank Mata Indonesia. Kata Kunci: donor, kornea mata, pendonor, bank mata.

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