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Journal of Law and Nation
Published by Inteligensia Media
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29629675     DOI : Zenodo
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Focuses on literature and field studies on law-related matters. The scope is related to legal theory, E-Commerce law, Legal and Deductive Reasoning, International Law, Constitutional Law, Contract Law, administrative law, International Law environment, Money theft, business law, Civil and Criminal Law, International Business and Trade Law, Dispute Resolution, Real Estate Law, Criminal Law, Immigrant and Tourism Law, Common Law, Agency Law, Employment Law, Health Law, Politics, Education and other studies related to law.
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Articles 254 Documents
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ANALISIS PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH SECARA DIBAWAH TANGAN TERHADAP OBJEK TANAH YANG MASIH SEBAGAI JAMINAN KREDIT PEMILIKAN RUMAH (KPR) STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NO. 1142K/Pdt/2014 Agung Saleh Ritonga; M. Yamin Lubis, Hasim Purba, Suprayitno
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

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Abstract

In order to meet the needs of the community for housing, the role of financial institutions, especially banks, is needed in providing funds for housing development efforts, one of which is through Home Ownership Credit (KPR). Definition of KPR according to Law no. 10 concerning Banking of 1998, is a long-term credit distributed by banks to their debtors to build or own a new or used house on land with the guarantee of a certificate of ownership of the house and land itself. If the transfer of land rights over the mortgage object is carried out through private sale and purchase between the bank debtor and the buyer or third party, it will create new problems for the buyer of the mortgage land or the third party as the recipient of the credit transfer, both in terms of legal certainty and in terms of ownership of the mortgage land. This research method uses a Normative Juridical research type which is descriptive analytical in nature. The data source uses secondary data sources using legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials using secondary data collection techniques and the data collection tool in this research is document study. The results of the research show that the legality of buying and selling land under the hands of land objects that are still used as collateral for home ownership credit (KPR) is legally binding on the seller and buyer as long as they fulfill the terms and conditions of a valid agreement in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, but cannot be recorded or changed the name of the certificate. The legal consequences for private land buyers who buy land objects that are still used as collateral for KPR credit are that these buyers are not protected by the legal provisions of Article 531 of the Civil Code and are not protected by the provisions of national agrarian law, namely Law No. 5 of 1960 concerning Principles Agrarian and derivative implementing regulations. In the Supreme Court Decision Number 1142 K/Pdt/2014, the panel of judges stated that the sale and purchase of land under the hands of the seller and the buyer was invalid for the land object which was still used as mortgage collateral because from the facts of the trial, the object of the dispute was still in the name of the land seller or the old KPR debtor while the land buyer cannot prove that the object of the dispute has been transferred to the name of the buyer so that the panel of judges does not provide legal protection to land buyers who buy land as collateral for the KPR privately.
KEDUDUKAN NOTARIS/PPAT YANG DIKENAI TPPU DAN PEMALSUAN TERKAIT AKTA YANG DIBUATNYA.(Studi Putusan No. 248/Pid.B/2022/PN.Jkt.Brt) Irham Akbar; Hasim Purba, Suprayitno
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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Notary / PPAT is an official authorised by law to make authentic deeds, and the duties and responsibilities of the position held must be in accordance with the applicable provisions in accordance with the rules in the law, and if a Notary / PPAT violates these provisions, it can be subject to civil, criminal and administrative sanctions. Administrative sanctions include written warnings, temporary dismissal, honourable dismissal, and dishonourable dismissal, which are adjusted to the offence committed by the Notary/PPAT itself. The problems discussed in this thesis are, Why a Notary/PPAT can be subjected to the Crime of Money Laundering (TPPU) and/or the Crime of Forgery related to the deed he/she makes, then what legal consequences can be given/imposed on a Notary/PPAT who commits the Crime of Money Laundering (TPPU) and/or the Crime of Forgery on the deed he/she makes and What is the position of a Notary/PPAT who commits the Crime of Money Laundering (TPPU) and/or the Crime of Forgery related to Court Decision Number 248/Pid. B/ 2022/ PN.Jkt.Brt. This research method uses a type of Normative Juridical research using a descriptive analytical approach to legislation. The data source uses secondary data sources using legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials with the use of library research data collection techniques and data collection tools in this study are document studies and interviews. The result of the research is that the Notary/PPAT can be indicated by the Crime of Money Laundering (TPPU)/Forgery if it is proven/proven to carry out activities of making fake authentic letters or falsifying letters, as if the letter is genuine and can harm others. Furthermore, a Notary/PPAT violating these provisions may be subject to civil, criminal, and administrative sanctions. Administrative sanctions include written warning, temporary dismissal, honourable dismissal, and dishonourable dismissal, which is adjusted to the act of violation committed by the Notary/PPAT itself. And Notary/PPAT who commits the Crime of Money Laundering (TPPU)/Forgery can be subject to all three existing sanctions, which can be subject to criminal sanctions that automatically apply, civil sanctions, namely compensation with a note that if the relevant party reports from the actions of the Notary/PPAT, and administrative sanctions that are adjusted to the losses caused by the Notary/PPAT, including written warnings, temporary dismissal, honourable dismissal, and dishonourable dismissal.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PENERIMA WARALABA DALAM PERJANJIAN WARALABA ANTARA CV. HUTAMA MANDIRI JAYA DAN PT. INDOMARCO PRISMATAMA (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN NO. 204/Pdt.G/2021/PN Bdg) Hendra Kurniawan; Rumainur
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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The development of franchise businesses has grown rapidly and has become a new force for the domestic economic sector in Indonesia. One example of a franchise business that is in great demand is the minimarket franchise business. PT. Indomarco Pristama is the franchise right holder for the "Indomaret" minimarket. One of the clauses for franchisees who collaborate with PT Indomarco is to receive a cash surplus that must be given to franchisees. However, in one case there was a problem with the agreement. Based on this, the author formulates the problem, namely: 1). What are the franchise regulations according to laws and regulations in Indonesia? 2). How do judges consider franchise disputes based on decision number 204/Pdt.G/2021/PN Bdg? 3). How to resolve franchise disputes between CV. Hutama Mandiri Jaya with PT. Indomarco Prismatama according to decision number 204/Pdt.G/2021/PN Bdg?. By using normative legal research, it was concluded that franchise regulations in Indonesia are regulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, Government Regulation Number 42 of 2007 concerning Franchising, Minister of Trade Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Franchises. In this case, the judge's consideration was the statement of heir no. 02/LKW/VI/2020 is an authentic deed, the Deed of Establishment of CV. Hutama Mandiri Jaya Number 5 Dated 20 October 2010 is still valid, binding and has legal force recognized by the parties, Deed of Amendmentto Limited Liability Company CV. Hutama Mandiri Jaya Number 12 dated 10 September 2020is legally flawed, not binding and has no legal force. Settlement of franchise disputes between CV. Hutama Mandiri Jaya with PT. Indomarco Prismatama according to decision number 204/Pdt.G/2021/PN Bdg. Sentencing Defendant II dr / Defendant I dk (PT. Indomarco Prismatama) to pay/transfer and hand over all the cash surplus funds of the Indomaret PunclutShop of approximately Rp. 406,430,993.00,- to Plaintiff dr / Defendant II dk immediately and simultaneously; States that due to the Deed of Amendment to the Limited Liability Company CV. Hutama Mandiri Jaya Number 12 dated 10 September 2020 is not legally binding, therefore the Management of Defendant I dr / Plaintiff dk (Wilson Hidayat and William Hidayat) in the Deed is invalid and has no right either jointly or individually to act on name and for the benefit of CV Limited Company. Hutama Mandiri Jaya both inside and outside the Court; Rejecting the Reconvention Plaintiff's Reconvention lawsuit in addition to and in addition. A franchise is a business contract where there is an agreement that cannot be made public. Therefore, it is recommended that if a dispute occurs, it is resolved through negotiationsbetween the disputing parties, either directly or by appointing a legal representative, this is done in order to produce a mutual agreement that benefits both parties. If the negotiation process does not produce an agreement, then the parties submit it to arbitration or court to resolve or decide. Seeing from Decision 204/Pdt.G/2021/PN Bdg, that there is an internal dispute from the franchisee, it is recommended that a clause be added to the agreement if the is a dispute between one of the parties so that it is resolved first internally so as not to harm the other party and still exercise their rights. and obligations in accordance with agreed agreements.
PERANAN ADVOKAT DALAM UPAYA PENYELESAIAN PERBUATAN MELANGGAR HUKUM MELALUI MEDIASI Rifka Youlanda Margareth Hutagalung; Lesson Sihotang
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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Abstract

The advocate in the mediation process is a companion or advisor. The role of an advocate in handling a case of breaking the law is an obligation to handle problems that are controlled by a person or party in a legal situation. One of the roles of advocates is to carry out mediation. Mediation is a series of legal settlement processes in which disputing parties meet directly and voluntarily to discuss and try to reach a peace agreement, of course this is assisted by an attorney, meaning that the attorney acts as a liaison between the client and the opposing party to make peace that benefits both parties. parties without having to carry out litigation in court or it can also be called making peace outside of court. The aim of the advocate's role in handling a case of breaking the law is basically inseparable from providing solutions and alternatives that can be taken by the litigant in accordance with the provisions, however the advocate does not have the authority to decide the outcome of a case or matter because of the role of the law. In this case, the litigants can carry out mediation which can be accompanied by an advocate to make peace according to the agreement between the parties concerned.
THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIAL ECONOMIC LAW: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARYDEVELOPMENTS Arga Baskara; Febri Atikawati Wiseno Putri, Susilowardani, Asri Agustiwi, Desi Syamsiah
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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This research aims to examine the evolution of social economy law through a literature analysis covering historical and contemporary developments. Social economy law has undergone significant transformations from its inception focusing on the protection of labour rights and the creation of social safety nets, to its current role of having to accommodate the complex dynamics of the global economy. This study explores the key changes that have taken place in social economy regulation and policy from the 19th century to the present day, including the influence of globalisation, market liberalisation and technological advancement. The research findings show that social economy law continues to adapt to respond to new challenges such as the digital economy, gig economy, and environmental sustainability issues. As such, the evolution of social economy law reflects the need to create a responsive, inclusive, and sustainable policy framework in the face of dynamic social and economic developments
HUKUMAN BAGI PELAKU KEJAHATAN DENGAN MASALAH KEJIWAAN Farra Dinda Mulyadi Putri; Cindy Carolin, Jusini Delas Halifah, Wiji Aulia Fatiha, Ikawati Ratnaduhita, Tugimin Supriyadi
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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This study examines the treatment of criminal offenders with mental disorders in the Indonesian criminal justice system. The focus is on identifying weaknesses in the existing legal framework, case prevalence, the role of forensic psychiatrists, rehabilitative approaches, and relevant case studies. Using a qualitative method based on a literature review, the findings reveal that Article 44 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, while serving as the main legal foundation, suffers from unclear criteria for mental disorders and a heavy reliance on psychiatric reports without standardized guidelines. The prevalence of offenders with mental disorders reaches 12% of all criminal cases, while the recidivism rate for offenders sentenced to prison stands at 65%, significantly higher than the 25% rate for those undergoing rehabilitation. The case study of Ryan Jombang highlights a lack of understanding of mental disorders in legal decision-making, whereas a rehabilitative approach for offenders with bipolar disorder demonstrates more humane and effective outcomes. This study recommends reforms such as standardized psychiatric evaluation guidelines, increased rehabilitation facilities, legal professionals' training, and campaigns to reduce stigma against mental disorders. These reforms are expected to create a more inclusive, just, and humane legal system
ANALISIS POTENSI PELANGGARAN HAM DALAM KASUS PENYELUNDUPAN KAYU (ILLEGAL LOGGING): PERSPEKTIF POLITIK HUKUM DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN LINGKUNGAN Asep Mahbub Junaedi; Nurhayati, Nasruddin, Yusuf Setyadi, Sugianto
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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This study aims to analyze the potential human rights violations in cases of illegal logging from the perspective of legal politics and their implications for environmental sustainability. Illegal logging not only threatens forest ecosystems as vital resources but also has the potential to violate fundamental human rights, such as the right to a healthy environment and a decent livelihood. Using a normative-juridical approach, this research examines the existing legal framework, weaknesses in law enforcement, and political dynamics influencing natural resource management. The findings reveal that weak law enforcement and certain political interests facilitate illegal logging practices, resulting in environmental degradation and the violation of local communities’ rights, particularly vulnerable groups like indigenous peoples. This study recommends strengthening regulations, enforcing strict sanctions, and ensuring sustainable monitoring to protect human rights and promote environmental sustainability
ANALISIS PELANGGARAN KODE ETIK HAKIM MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM PUTUSAN MK NOMOR 90/PUU-XXI/2023 Stanislaus Defretin Parlan; Servasius T. Seran, Maria Stellamaris Werena Tupen, Maria Andriani Rosari Corebima, Dwityas Witarti
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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Kode Etik dan Perilaku Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi serta Peran Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Menangani Kasus PelanggaranMahkamah Konstitusi (MK) sebagai lembaga tinggi negara memiliki tanggung jawab besar dalam menegakkan konstitusi dan melindungi hak-hak hukum masyarakat. Untuk menjalankan tugasnya, hakim MK wajib mematuhi kode etik dan perilaku yang telah ditetapkan. Kode etik ini mengatur prinsip-prinsip independensi dan integritas, yang merupakan fondasi bagi kepercayaan publik terhadap lembaga peradilan. Independensi hakim penting agar mereka dapat mengambil keputusan yang adil tanpa tekanan dari pihak manapun, sedangkan integritas memastikan hakim bertindak sesuai dengan norma dan standar moral yang tinggi. Kode etik dan perilaku hakim MK mencakup berbagai aspek, seperti kewajiban untuk menjaga kerahasiaan perkara, menghindari konflik kepentingan, serta meningkatkan kompetensi profesional melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan. Selain itu, hakim diharapkan untuk tidak terlibat dalam politik praktis dan menjaga jarak dari pengaruh luar yang dapat merusak objektivitas mereka dalam memutuskan perkara. Penerapan kode etik ini tidak hanya menunjang kinerja hakim, tetapi juga memberikan jaminan hukum bagi masyarakat bahwa keputusan yang diambil berdasarkan pertimbangan hukum yang murni. Peran Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MKMK) sangat penting dalam penegakan kode etik ini. MKMK bertugas untuk mengawasi, menilai, dan menangani pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh hakim. Jika terdapat laporan atau dugaan penyimpangan, MKMK akan melakukan investigasi dan memberikan sanksi yang sesuai, mulai dari teguran hingga pemecatan. Dengan adanya MKMK, diharapkan tata kelola lembaga peradilan semakin transparan dan akuntabel. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, terdapat beberapa kasus yang melibatkan pelanggaran kode etik oleh hakim, yang berhasil ditangani oleh MKMK. Misalnya, kasus di mana seorang hakim terlibat dalam praktik percaloan yang merugikan masyarakat. Melalui proses investigasi yang transparan, hakim tersebut akhirnya dikenakan sanksi yang tegas, yang menunjukkan bahwa MKMK berkomitmen untuk menegakkan prinsip-prinsip integritas dan independensi di dalam lembaga peradilan. kode etik dan perilaku hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi merupakan panduan penting untuk menjaga independensi dan integritas para hakim dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Dukungan dari Majelis Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam mengawasi pelanggaran kode etik memainkan peran krusial dalam memastikan MK tetap menjadi lembaga yang kredibel dan dipercaya masyarakat. Dengan upaya tersebut, harapannya keadilan dan kepastian hukum dapat terwujud, serta kepercayaan publik terhadap sistem peradilan dapat terjaga.
TEORI HUKUM SEJARAH (HISTORICAL LEGAL THEORY) DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN SISTEMATIS MELALUI METODE SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW Nasrullah Nasrullah; Jalaluddin, Ilham Akbar
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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Historical Legal Theory emphasises that law is a product of the development of culture, tradition and history of society. In the Indonesian context, the national legal system was formed from the interaction between customary law, Islamic law, and colonial law inherited by colonialism. This research aims to examine the role and relevance of Legal History Theory in the formation of the legal system in Indonesia through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This method is used to identify, analyse, and synthesise relevant literature related to the development of Indonesian law in a historical perspective. The results showed that the development of law in Indonesia was influenced by a complex historical process, where adaptation and acculturation between customary, Islamic, and colonial laws formed the national legal framework. In addition, it was found that the Legal Theory of History plays an important role in explaining the dynamics of legal change along with social, political, and cultural developments. The research also identifies significant historical implications for contemporary legal reform, particularly in the harmonisation of local and modern legal traditions. This study makes an academic contribution by providing a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between history and law in Indonesia. Practically, it offers insights for policymakers in designing a just and contextualised legal system. As such, this study not only strengthens academic understanding of Indonesian law, but also provides strategic guidance for relevant and sustainable legal development.
ANALISIS POTENSI PELANGGARAN HAM PADA KASUS POLITIK UANG (MONEY POLITICS) PEMILU DALAM PERSPEKTIF KAJIAN POLITIK HUKUM Dewi Safitri; M. Heriyanto, M. Agung Soleh, Yusuf Setyadi, Sugianto
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Law and Nation
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The crime of money politics in the context of the General Election (Pemilu) in Indonesia is regulated in Article 523 of Law No. 7 of 2017. This article divides the crime of money politics into three categories, namely during the campaign, the quiet period, and during voting, each of which has the same actus reus elements. The mens rea element in this crime is formulated by prioritizing intent, which shows that the perpetrator committed the act with a specific purpose. The criminal sanctions regulated in the article use the indefinite sentence pattern, namely the threat of a criminal sentence that does not have a specified time period. However, a more appropriate criminal threat model is the indeterminate sentence, which provides flexibility in determining the sentence based on consideration of the situation and condition of the perpetrator and his role in the crime. Prevention of the crime of money politics can be done by adopting the doctrine of crime prevention from a criminological perspective, which consists of five main theories. First, the abolitionist theory which emphasizes the factors that drive crime. Second, the moralistic theory which focuses on enlightening society through the spread of moral messages. Third, the primary prevention theory, which seeks to prevent crimes before they occur, as well as secondary and tertiary prevention theories that focus more on efforts after the crime has occurred, both in the form of rehabilitation and mitigation of the impact of the crime. In addition, political parties involved in the crime of money politics must be held criminally liable. This can refer to the identification theory, which states that political parties are responsible for the actions of their members during the election process, especially if the party is involved in the practice of money politics.

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