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TSAQAFAH : Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 14110334     EISSN : 24600008     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah
Core Subject :
Tsaqafah is a journal published by the University of Darussalam Gontor with its aims related to Islamic Civilization. What we refer to as Islamic Civilization, in accordance with the terminology elucidated in Islam as Religion and Civilization by Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi, consists of two substantial elements in our view, namely Culture and Knowledge. Through culture that has been Islamized, societies have developed traditions at the local level that remain consistent with their original culture without conflicting with Islamic values. Additionally, a portion of the population forms scholarly communities because of the obligation of seeking knowledge in Islam inspired by the revelations of the Quran and the practices in the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad, which subsequently led to the development of methodologies and research resulting in products referred to as Islamic Sciences, Islamicate Science, or Islamicate Society in a broad sense, encompassing various disciplines of knowledge.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 52 Documents
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How Does Local Wisdom Establish Economic Sustainability in Minangkabau?A Study in the ‘Adat Basandi’ Bayu Tri Cahya; Indah Dewi Maharany; Dwi Putri Restuti
TSAQAFAH Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v21i1.84

Abstract

The philosophy of Adat Basandi Syara’ - Syara’ Basandi Kitabullah is the culmination of the interaction, integration, and affiliation of Minangkabau customs that have existed since the ancestors and Islam that emerged later. At the level of implementation, this concept can be used as a pattern to improve the welfare of the people by focusing on the local economy, which is still based on the philosophy of adat. This research aims to explore practical concepts to enhance the role of Tungku Tigo Sajarangan in the sustainability of the local economy based on customary philosophy. This research uses a qualitative and phenomenological approach. The results from this study indicate that the Convergence of Tungku Tigo Sajarangan Based on Indigenous Philosophy indicates three points: Emphasizes the common interest based on the Quran and Hadith, the synergy of the three forces of the Minangkabau leadership system, and the Democratic leadership style reflected in deliberation. Further results found that the Foundation of Local Wisdom in Economic Sustainability in West Sumatra by the local government tries to restrict big retailers’ domination, Local wisdom brought by the local tribe (minang) human intelligence, and those conditions create a competitive rivalry.
Voices of Harmony: Exploring Peace and National Unity in Nigerian Arabic Literature Tajudeen Yusuf
TSAQAFAH Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v21i1.86

Abstract

Since the old age, Literature as a mirror of society and its development often explores themes of morality, compassion, unity and peaceful coexistence in human society. Through poems and proses, literature can convey ethical principles that promote and educate peaceful coexistence, respect for others, and harmonious social relationships. Using descriptive method, this paper attempt to explore the contributions of Arabic Literature of Nigerian Authorship in promoting national integration, harmony and peaceful co-existence among Nigerian citizen with diverse ethnics and constituencies; literary texts (Poetry) were selected in the works of three literary icons. This study examines how Nigerian-authored Arabic literature fosters unity, harmony, and peaceful coexistence in Nigeria’s diverse socio-political landscape. It highlights the contributions of prominent Arabic literary figures, who are Muslims and products of rigorous Arabic and Islamic scholarship. Through their works, they promote ideals of social cohesion and mutual understanding. Their literary contributions serve as a bridge for fostering peace and unity in the nation.. The results of the study reveals that many literary scholars have contributed, through their literary productions, to the promotion of national integration, harmony and peaceful co-existence among the people who speak a multitude of languages and have array of cultural diversities and practices.
Kafur and Champor in Islam, Malay, and Chinese History Mohamad Herman Abdullah; Fadzli Adam; Indra Martian Permana; Fakhratu Naimah Muhad
TSAQAFAH Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v21i1.88

Abstract

Malay camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica) has played a significant role in the economy, Malay culture, and international trade since ancient times. It has been used in medicine, religious rituals, and diplomatic relations between major empires. Known as al-Kafur in the Quran and Hadith, it was also referred to as camphor by European traders. However, after the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, Malay Camphor became increasingly marginalized when Chinese Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora, also known as Xiangzhang [樟树]) replaced it due to its lower cost. In 1903, the production of synthetic camphor, based on the chemical formula of Chinese Camphor (C10H16O), was patented as camphor, while the chemical formula of Malay Camphor (C10H18O) was designated as borneol, leading to confusion in scientific studies, Malay scholarship, and Islamic studies. This study examines the differences between Malay Camphor and Chinese Camphor and aims to determine which type is actually referenced in the Quran and Islamic history. A qualitative approach was employed, involving a literature review, analysis of Quranic and Hadith interpretations, and interviews with historians, botanists, and cultural practitioners in Barus. The findings indicate that Malay Camphor has a more fragrant aroma, a cooling effect, refreshing, free from harm, non-toxicity, and high quality. It is also edible and can be used as a flavoring agent—aligning with the characteristics of al-Kafurin Islamic interpretation. However, trade monopolies and terminological errors have obscured its identity in modern history. This study confirms that al-Kafurin Islam refers to Malay Camphor and highlights the importance of correcting terminological errors to ensure that camphor is associated with Dryobalanops aromatica rather than Xiangzhang.
The Arabs in Early Palembang Darussalam Sultanate: The History and Implication Ahmad Rofiq; Choirun Niswah; Bety Bety; Maryam Maryam; Rahmat Abdullah
TSAQAFAH Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v21i1.89

Abstract

This study examines the significant contributions of the Arab community, specifically from Hadramaut, Yemen, to the socio-religious and cultural development of Palembang, Indonesia. The Arab community, primarily Sunni Muslims, arrived during the era of the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate in the 17th century and played a pivotal role in the Islamization of the region and the enrichment of local identity through cultural and social values. This research addresses the reception of Arab-Islamic practices by the local population, which resulted in notable acculturation, evident in religious traditions such as Maulid Nabi and zikr practices, as well as the incorporation of Islamic principles in governance and daily life. The study employs a qualitative methodology with a descriptive approach, relying on in-depth interviews with prominent figures and descendants of the Arab community, as well as an analysis of historical documents, including manuscripts and reports from archaeological sites. It focuses on historical areas like Kampung Arab Al-Munawwar and Ulu-Ilir, which are central to the Arab community’s legacy in Palembang. The findings highlight the establishment of Islamic educational institutions, such as madrasahs and pesantrens, by prominent figures like Habib Alwi Bahsin. These institutions played key roles in disseminating religious and general knowledge, fostering intellectual and social empowerment. Additionally, evidence of the reception of Islamic values into local culture can be found in acculturated traditions, culinary practices, and community activities that go beyond well-known practices like Maulid and zikr. In conclusion, the Arab community’s contributions extend beyond religious propagation, encompassing education, social development, and cultural reception, ultimately shaping Palembang’s identity as a vital center of Islamic civilization in the Nusantara.
Analysis of the Effect of Novel Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) Spreading Toward Sharia Stock Market in Indonesia Arie Rachmat Sunjoto; Khoirul Umam; Miftahul Huda; Shafira Maisaroh Aribah
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.93

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the influence ofthe spread of Novel Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19), the policies of IndonesianGovernment during pandemic (i.e. work from home, large-scale social restrictions(PSBB) and community activities restriction enforcement (PPKM), the movementof FTSE 100 and Nasdaq Composite indexes on Islamic stock market inIndonesia (represented by the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index). This study utilizesthe Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse Response Function(IRF), and Forecast Error Correction Model (FEVD) approach, with the rangedata from September 2019 to November 2022. The results of this researchindicates that the VECM test showed that Covid-19 case in Indonesia and themovement of FTSE 100 had a significant positive effect on ISSI in the longterm. Meanwhile, in the short term, Covid-19 case in Indonesia and governmentpolicies have had a significant negative effect on ISSI. In the IRF test, this showsthat the Covid-19 case in Indonesia and government policies during pandemichave had a significant negative effect on ISSI. Conversely, the movement of theFTSE 100 and Nasdaq Composite Index has a significant positive effect on ISSI. In the FEVD test, it can be seen that the biggest contribution to ISSI shockmovement was the shock itself of 85.24% and was followed by governmentpolicies, the Covid-19 case, FTSE 100 and Nasdaq. This investigation use threevariables in order to search the effect of these factors on the movement ofsharia stock market in Indonesia. The stock market represented by IndonesianSharia Stock Index (ISSI).
Wahbah Zuhaily on Riqāb: Reshaping its Implementation in South Sulawesi Hukmiah Husain; Ma`adul Yaqien Makkarateng; Muh. Arafah; Hamsah Hasan
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.94

Abstract

This article examines the contemporary interpretation of riqāb (emancipation of slaves) as a category for zakat recipients, as articulated by Wahbah al-Zuḥaylī, a prominent Islamic jurist. While slavery is no longer a widespread institution, al-Zuḥaylī's reinterpretation of riqāb holds significant implications for addressing modern social issues, particularly those related to poverty and marginalization in South Sulawesi. The study explores potential avenues for zakat distribution to support initiatives that align with the essence of riqāb, such as education, skill development, and debt relief. By applying al-Zuḥaylī's perspective, this research contributes to a broader understanding of zakat's role in social upliftment in the region. This research adopts a qualitative approach, relying primarily on textual analysis and interpretation of al-Zuḥaylī's jurisprudence regarding zakat and riqāb. Secondary sources, including academic articles, reports, and policy documents, are also employed to contextualize the findings within the socioeconomic landscape of South Sulawesi. Reinterpreting the Islamic concept of riqāb in the modern context offers profound implications for both Islamic thought and contemporary society, facilitating a more inclusive and dynamic understanding of zakat’s potential to address pressing social challenges.
Transcendental Abundance: A Theo-cosmological Foundation of Islamic Economics Nur Shadiq Sandimula
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.95

Abstract

The modern Western civilization infused with the dominance of humanism and secularism has pushed religion away from being involved in scientific developments. This paradigm has also been invested in and has flourished in conventional economics disciplines, and unfortunately, the concept is also attached to Islamic economics. One of the doctrines constructed is the cosmological doctrine, which declares that resources are limited thereby initiating the most fundamental economic problem: scarcity. This study aims to scrutinize the cosmological presupposition in economics by utilizing the Islamic worldview conceptualized by al-Attas. The method is a descriptive-philosophical examination with a thematic analysis approach. This research reveals that God plays an active role in all myriad layers of creation which necessitates His transcendental association with the cosmos. God has names and attributes that introduce His transcendent and immanent presence in the universe. Terms in the Qur’an such as rizq, ni’mah, minnah, ala’, and al-fadhl semantically indicate God’s transcendental abundant sustenance in the world. The theo-cosmological concept of the Islamic worldview reveals the Islamic economics perceives resources as having an unlimited source of its transcendence.
The Legal Politics of Formality and Substance of the Medina Constitution Jamrud Zaman
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.96

Abstract

The Medina Charter is considered the first constitution in the world because it has almost the same content as the modern constitution. So the study of the discussion of the history of the establishment of the Medina Charter, the politics of law, and the content of the material content is very necessary to be examined to be a material renewal of the modern constitution today. This research aims to be a comparative material with modern constitutions and as a material for constitutional reform in any country. This research is normative research with historical and comparative approaches. The data source of this research uses a literature study by tracing books and journals. While the data analysis method uses content analysis. The Medina Charter was formed by the Prophet Muhammad SAW. when he came to Medina to create peace and form a force to protect the city of Medina from outside attacks. The Medina Charter in the concept of Philippe Nonet and Philip Selznick's legal criteria includes responsive law because it contains characteristics, namely democratic making, equality in law, no partiality, made for public needs, and shared morality realized for the common good. The Medina Charter is said to be the first modern constitution in the world because its content is in line with modern constitutions, namely the protection of human rights, duties and obligations of citizens, politics of peace and unity, material provisions of the law, and state institutions.
The Myth of al-Ghazālī and Islamic Decline: A Historical Clarification and Review Mahmuluddin Mahmuluddin
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.98

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the causes of the decline of scientific tradition in the Islamic world, considering three conventional theses proposed by liberal Muslim and Western intellectuals: internal and external factors. The first thesis attributes the decline to al-Ghazālī’s supposed rejection of science as depicted in his Tahāfut al-falāsifa (The Incoherence of the Philosophers), followed by the Islamic world, leading to its decline. Meanwhile, the second thesis identifies the Mongol invasion of Baghdad in 1258 as the main cause. The last thesis stated that the decline causes by the banning of printing press by Ottoman Empire specifically at the time of Sultan Bayezid II in 1485 and Selim I in 1515. Applying historical analysis method, this research seeks to uncover the truth behind these theses by examining relevant literature. Surprisingly, the results contradict the initial assumptions. The first thesis is rejected as al-Ghazālī did not reject science but rather supported it. His views were misunderstood by his detractors. Additionally, after the al-Ghazālī era, science and philosophy continued to thrive in the Islamic world. Similarly, the second thesis is also refuted as science and philosophy persisted and developed despite the Mongol invasion of Baghdad. Within a year of the invasion, the Maragha Observatory was established under the guidance of Nas}īr al-Dīn al-T}ūsī, a renowned Muslim scientist. This observatory became a global scientific hub, making significant contributions to mathematics and astronomy. The final proposition is similarly dismissed, as the Ottoman Sultans did not categorically dismiss the concept of the printing press; instead, they opted for a temporary restriction on its utilization within particular societal segments. This action was motivated by the apprehension that unrestricted access to the printing press among specific groups could possibly result in adverse political and economic outcomes for the larger Muslim community. To offer an alternative perspective, this study utilizes Janet Abu-Lughod’s European hegemonic approach, stemming from Immanuel Wallerstein’s world-system theory. By applying this approach, the author argues that the waning of scientific advancement in the Islamic world can be traced back to modern Western hegemony and its dominance over the Muslim realm.
Kiai Nur Iman’s Heritage: Reading the Sunny Muthalib on The Soul Purification Dzulkifli Hadi Imawan
TSAQAFAH Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v20i2.99

Abstract

Kyai Nur Iman was one of the great scholars who was influential in the spread of Islam in Java in the 18th-19th century AD. As the son of King Amangkurat IV, Kyai Nur Iman prefers to dedicate his life to teaching the Islamic religion and teaching the concepts of soul purification to society. One of his works examines the purification of the soul entitled the book al-Sunni al-Muthalib. This book is still in the form of a manuscript stored in Pesantren Salimiyah Mlangi in Yogyakarta. This manuscript needs to be scholarly examined because it was written by a 19th century AD scholar who tried to combine two sciences, namely the science of Arabic (nahwu); arabic grammar, and the science of tasawwuf; moral sciene. This study aims to reveal the concept of soul purification explained by Kyai Nur Iman in the manuscriptal-Sunni al-Muttalib. This research method is qualitative research using literature review with historical analysis to explain the concept of soul purification according to Kyai Nur Iman then explains the biography of Kyai Nur Iman. The results of this research explain that the concept of tazkiyah nafs according to Kyai Nur Iman in the book Asna al-mathalib starts with knowing Allah, knowing Rasulullah SAW, and getting to know things that can purify the soul such us repentance, inabah, asceticism, tawakkal, tafwidl, happyand sincere and defile it such us namimah, ghibah, greed, riya’, sum’ah, arrogant, ujub, wicked, exposing others’ shame, immorality, blasphemy, and wishful thinking.

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