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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013" : 8 Documents clear
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MIKROARTHROPODA BRYOFAUNA EPIFIT DI ZONA TROPIK GUNUNG UNGARAN, JAWA TENGAH Rina Eka Yuniarti; Rully Rahadian; Lilih Khotim Perwati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

       Mount Ungaran has various diversity of flora, including bryophytes. Epiphytic bryophytes are the habitat of bryofauna most of them are  microarthropods. The objective of this research was to determine community structure of epiphytic bryofauna in tropical zone of Mount Ungaran. This research was conducted in tropical zone of Mount Ungaran at three different  altitudes. The sampling methods was using square plots. Bryophytes were collected in plots 10x10 cm on tree trunks. Furthermore, the specimens were extracted using Barlese funnel at Laboratory of Ecology and Biosistematics, Department of Biology, Diponegoro University up to seven days. The results shows there are 5 classes of 16 orders and 30 sub orders/families. The most diverse of epiphytic bryofauna found at altitude 980 m asl and 1100 m asl (H’= 2,30), while the lowest at 750 m asl (H’= 1,87). Order of Acarina is consistantly found dominant in all altitudes. Meanwhile, at 1100 m asl the order of Thysanopera has also high abundant or dominant. Keywords : community structure, epiphytic bryophytes, bryofauna, tropic zone.
Pengaruh Penambahan Pembenah Tanah dari Daun dan Akar Tanaman Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes Solm.) terhadap Kapasitas lapang Tanah Pasir dan Tanah Liat serta Pertumbuhan Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.) Marlina, iis; Izzati, Munifatul; Saptiningsih, Endang
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Soil conditioner is materials that added to the soil.  Soil conditioner capable to improve soil structure, water holding capacity and infiltration. The aims of this research is to study the effect soil conditioner on the field capacity and growth of green peas that were planted in sandy and clay soil. The soil conditioner used in this research is consisted of two different species of aquatic plants, leaf and root E.crassipes. It is treatment was replicated 3 time. Sandy soil (T1) and clay soil (T2) without soil conditioner were served as controls. T1P1 (Sandy soil+soil conditioner leaf E.crassipes) T1P2 (Sandy soil+soil conditioner root E.crassipes) T2P1 (clay soil+soil conditioner leaf E.crassipes) T2P2 (clay soil+ soil conditioner root E.crassipes). Ratio of soil and soil conditioner is 75%:25%. Result indicated that addition of leaf and root E.crassipes conditioner significanly increased field capacity, both in sandy and clay soil. The controls soil or without soil conditioner field capacity is 12,20%. Increased field capacity by leaf E.crassipes is 18,56 % and root E.crassipes 16,60%. Key words: soil conditioner, eichhornia crassipes, field capacity, growth.
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DALAM CAIRAN RUMEN SAPI TERHADAP PENURUNAN BIOMASSA, DAN PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAPAS (GOSSYPIUM SP) Ika Nur Rakhim Rahayu Setyaningsih; Munifatul Izzati; Teguh Suprihatin
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Energy crisisin many parts ofthe worldencouragesus toseekan alternative solutionto solvethe problem. Sources ofraw materialsin the manufacture ofenergy must beabundant, inexpensive, andeasy toobtain, sotakean ideato useleftovercottoncropswhich containscellulose, as well as usingacowrumen fluidslaughtehousewaste. The purposeof this study toany changesinthe anatomical structure ofcottonfibersand toinvestigate the influence ofbovinerumenfluidtodecreasebiomass.This research was conductedat the Laboratory ofBiologicalStructure and Function ofPlants,Department of Biology, FSM, UNDIP. The design used is descriptive qualitative analysis, and test T. Parameters observed were decreased biomass, and changes in anatomic structure (macroscopic and microscopic). The results showed soaking the cotton in the cow rumen fluid decreased significantly influence cotton biomass, which in the cotton control aerobic larger 0.5% decline from the anaerobic control cotton and cotton anaerobic biomass decreased 3.5% greater than in the aerobic cotton rumen fluid immersion, and anatomical changes in the fiber structure is characterized by significant decomposition of the fiber cell wall. This was done as an initial step in the manufacture of cellulose-based bioethanol. Keywords: immersion, bovine rumen fluid, anatomical structure, cellulose, cotton
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan pada Berbagai Tata Guna Lahan di Kawasan Kars Pegunungan Kendeng Desa Sukolilo, Pati (Plant Diversity in Different Lands Use in Karst Region Mountains Kendeng Sukolilo village, Pati) Angga Yuda Saputra; Erry Wiryani; Jumari J
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Karst region has typical characteristics of ecosystems of high lime content that required plants which lived in the region tolerant with the content of lime and drought. There are any land use at Sukolilo village,  the differences in land use affect the diversity of plants. This study aims to determined the index of diversity and importance value index of plant , as well as the importance of vegetation indiced on various land uses in the region. The plot study determination was conducted by purposive random sampling method by recording the number of species, widespread basal area and canopy closure at the level of plant trees, shrubs and herbs, and analyzed the data that obtained from different land uses. The results as a whole there are 156 plant species in 55 families, in details, at tree level there are 60 species, 69 species of shrubs level and 34 species of herbaceous level. The highest species diversity index was found on the land around the springs (3.18). While the importance value index found on Jati tree (Tectona grandis) on forest land of Perhutani (186.50). The differences in diversity on a variety of land use are because of human influenced in the utilization and management of land. Keywords: Plant Biodiversity, Land Use, Karst Regions, Kendeng Mountains Sukolilo
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DALAM AIR SAWAH TERHADAP PENURUNAN BIOMASSA DAN PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAPAS (Gossypium sp) DAN JERAMI PADI (Oryza sativa L) Eni Yuspika; Munifatul Izzati; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Cellulose is a constituent component of plant cell walls. Cellulose is protected by lignin and hemicellulose, it is difficult to degrade so it is necessary to elaborate pretreatment component. Pretreatment is a crucial step to creation of lignocellulose-based bioethanol. Pretreatment serves to break up and remove lignin and damage to the crystalline structure of cellulose that makes unraveling cellulose into glucose. This study aims to determine the decrease in biomass and changes of anatomical structures on cotton and rice straw soaked in rice water. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Biological Structure and Function of Plant Biology UNDIP FSM. The design used was using T-test analysis and descriptive data with the two treatments are soaking in distilled water and water field. Parameters observed decrease of biomass and structure changes ( macroscopic and microscopic). The results showed soaking rice in water significantly affect biomass decreased as much as 27.5% cotton and rice straw as much as 31.36%. Changes in the anatomical structure of the cotton that damages both sides of the cell wall, the lumen crushed and partially soluble, while rice straw damage on one side of the cell wall and partially soluble cell contents.Key words: biomass, anatomical structure, cotton, rice straw, rice water
PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI CHLORELLA VULGARIS BEIJERINCK DENGAN PERLAKUAN PENAMBAHAN LOGAM BERAT TEMBAGA (CU) PADA SKALA LABORATORIUM Hermawan Setiyo Budi Hartanto; Riche Hariyati; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Environmental pollution has become a serious problem in marine environment. Inorganic pollutants was harmful to the environment because difficult to decompose naturally, therefore induce  environmental damage. One anorganic pollutants agent is heavy metal copper (Cu). Algae have a high tolerance to heavy metal copper stress in the environment so it can be used as a bioremediation agent, such as  Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck. This study aimed to determine the effect of copper to the population growth of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck. Research was carried out by inoculated Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck in seawater culture medium containing copper (Cu) with concentration 0.05 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 5 ppm, and 25 ppm, respectively.  Observation of the growth of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck were performed every 24 hours for 14 days by Improved Neubauer Haemocytometer. The results showed that copper with concentration 0.05 ppm and 0.5 ppm increased Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck  growth populations at day three and  it also inhibit Chlorella growth until day eigth. Chlorella  population then increased sigificantly at day eight until day fourteen of observation.  Copper  with concentration  5 ppm and  25 ppm decreased the population of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck and then increased its population at day six. Chlorella population then decreased at ten day of observation.   Key words: growth, heavy metals copper (Cu), Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, bioremediation
BRYOFLORA TERESTRIAL DI ZONA TROPIK GUNUNG UNGARAN, JAWA TENGAH Heti Ergiana; Erry Wiryani; Jumari J
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The Ungaran mount  is a various kind area of biodiversity, either flora or fauna. One of the flora biodiversity there is bryoflora. Bryoflora are classified  into two groups, terrestrial and epiphytic. The bryoflora researchs has been widely applied in the java island, but the related  publication of terrestrial bryoflora in the Ungaran mount Central Java are rarely found. The purpose of the research is to explain the diversity of  terrestrial bryoflora in the tropical zone (at altitude 750 m asl, 980 m asl, and 1100 m asl). The method for bryoflora sampling used quadrate with purposive sampling method. The result on this research  in tropical zone of Ungaran mount found 50 spesies of bryoflora that were identified in to three division : Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta, and Anthocerophyta. The percentage of the Bryophyta that was found are: Bryophyta 56 % (34 species), Marchantiophyta 40 % (15 species), and Anthocerophyta 4 % (1 species). Based on the height of station were identified 26 species at altitude 750 m asl, 17 species at altitude 980 m asl, and 24 species at altitude 1100 m asl. Keywords: Terrestrial Bryoflora, Tropical Zone, Ungaran Mount
ANALISIS MIKOFLORA DALAM MAKANAN FERMENTASI TRADISIONAL KEMPONG DI DESA KARANGPUCUNG KIDUL, LINGGAPURA BUMIAYU JAWA TENGAH Devia Kusmawati Arfina; Endang Kusdiyantini; MG Isworo Rukmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Kempong is a traditional fermented foods which is traditionally made of palm kernel cake substrate from the South Karangpucung Linggapura Bumiayu village, Central Java. This study is aimed to identify a mold which has a role in the fermentation process and testing in an activity of Kempong’s enzyme from mycoflora obtained. Proximate analysis of the samples of mold and palm kernel cake are conducted to determine the nutrient content of the substrate and fermentation products. The Results isolation, from the environment, substrate, laru and product, show 14 isolates of  molds, there are R.oryzae, A. niger Van Tieghem, A. carbonarius, Geotrichum candidum, A. ochraseus, Rhizomucor sp, A. chevalieri, A. tamarii, A. oryzae, A. flavus, A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, A. glaucus, and A. parasiticus. R. oryzae is a mold found in every material examined. It indicates that the fermentation is done mainly soothers by    R. oryzae. Proximate analysis of the kempong, shows a levels of carbohydrate 16.67%, 74.03% water, 0.75% ash, 2.80% fat and 5.77% protein. Nutrients content except water are lower than the substrate palm kernel cake. Decreasing of protein, fat, and carbohydrate fermentation are caused by R. oryzae. Keywords: kempong, mycoflora, enzyme activity, proximate analysis.

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