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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 33 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013" : 33 Documents clear
PENYEDIAAN ENERGI LISTRIK BERBASIS PERBEDAAN SALINITAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS Yoga Prasetya; Meindy Catur Risqiputra; Heru Susanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Since the formation of the Kyoto's Protocol and is based on reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) about the capture and storage of carbon dioxide gas in order to reduce the rate of climate change, there is a continual effort that oriented to the handling of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, Although Indonesia has never been obligated to reduce its emissions, but this policy will have a big impact on Indonesia, especially in the energy sector. Until now, oil is still the main source of energy in fulfilling energy needs within the country. The role of a very large petroleum will continue, while the dwindling petroleum reserves.Recognizing the dependence on fossil fuels, there should be an effort to press the growth of the use of fuel oil . Nowadays, it has developed an alternative energy known as the Salinity Gradient Energy (SGE). Sanility Gradient Energy has great potential for use as an alternative energy especially in Indonesia, which is the state waters. This research is aimed for study the effect of the concentration of concentrated NaCl solution, dilute NaCl solution flow rate, feed of seawater synthesis and real sea water in generated of power density. This research started inmaking a concentrated NaCl solution with various concentrations of as much as 2 l and a dilute NaCl solution with a concentration of 1 g/l as much as 2 l. Continued with the second turning on the pump diaphragm for both types of feed solution flow into the channels contained in a series of tools. After a few moments appliance operates, the change of output voltage (V) and electric current (A) can be measured using a multitester, this measurement conducted every 20 seconds interval. and then repeat the same steps for each of the variables that have been defined.From this research was found that increase in feed flow rate, then the resulting power density is greater, because of the increased flow rate causes the rate of movement of ions to the electrode increases. on increasing of the concentrated NaCl solution, the resulting power density is greater, because of the increased concentration difference causes an increase in the chemical potential. And for sample nearly the same concentration (30 g/l), the resulting power density of sea water is greater than the synthesis of real sea water, because the value of electrolytes activation synthesis of sea water is greater than the real sea water. It can be concluded that the increase in flow rate and concentration, can increase the generated of power density.
APLIKASI SPRAY DRYER UNTUK PENGERINGAN LARUTAN GARAM AMONIUM PERKLORAT SEBAGAI BAHAN PROPELAN Cynthia Anggi Maulina; Ahdayani Rosarrah; Mohammad Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Ammonium perchlorate ( AP ) is an  inorganic oxidizer that is widely used as a component of rocket propellants. In this research, spray drying was used to produce crystalline AP from  its saturated solution. A method of spray dryer is viscous liquid or paste contacted with thot air co-currently. Fluid is passed at a nozzle and came out into the form of fine granules ( droplet . Drying method was conducted to run4 variables change, such as the inlet temperature (80, 90, 100, 110, 120oC), flow rate air dryer (9,1 and 16.3 m/s), the material flow rate (5.5 and 5.8 ml/s) and material concentration (5, 10, 15, 20, 25% salt). The drying process lasts for 13 minutes and divided into 3 minutes of time spraying and 10 minutes for residence time in a spray dryer column.At a temperature of80° C, the concentration of20%, materialflow rateof 5.5ml/sand aair flow rate of9.1m /sobtainedsaltparticlediameterof67.144µmthen calculatesimilarityusingWebernumber, obtainedAPdiameter of42.79µm.While ata temperature of 100° C, the concentration of20%, with asame material and air flow rate,obtaineddriedsaltparticle diameterof23.433µm.Afterwards,similaritycalculationusing theWebernumberobtainedAPdiameter13.877µm. It can be seenthatthe result ofAPdiametersmaller than thediameter of theparticlesinLAPAN (National Aeronautics and Space Institute), rangedbetween100-170µm. We can conclude that the higher concentration of salt solution, then the diameter of products are also getting bigger. The higher temperature then the diameter of products are getting smaller. Calculation of similarity both ammonium perchlorate and salt with the weber number has the same graph trends.
PENGARUH KONDISI OPERASI PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN KARAGENAN DENGAN FOAM Verona Amelia; Bery Kristanti; Moh. Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Foam mat drying is an option to speed up the drying process to maintain quality carrageenan. In this case, carrageenan mixed with egg white (albumin) as a foaming agent and methyl cellulose as a foam stabilizer. Carrageenan gel foam will break and create a porous structure so that a higher surface area for moisture transfer. Drying is carried out at various compositions (comparison agent and foam stabilizer), the air temperature and the thickness of the foam. Decrease in water content determined during the drying period. The results showed that the egg whites be stabilized with methyl cellulose can accelerate the rate of drying and drying time of carrageenan. Result show that at 80oC operating temperature and thickness of 2 mm carrageenan in the presence of egg whites 20% and 10% methyl cellulose, moisture diffusion and drying rate can be twiced compared with carrageenan drying without foam.
INTEGRASI PENYINARAN DENGAN SINAR UV PADA PROSES INVERSI FASE UNTUK PEMBUATAN MEMBRAN NON-FOULING Addina Nur; Dini Karunia Sari; Heru Susanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Fouling is a serious problem that can reduce the performance of the membrane. Therefore the provision of a membrane with low fouling (non-fouling) is an important thing to do. Non-fouling membrane preparation can be done in two ways, namely modification of the membrane surface after it is created (post-modification) and with mixing (blending) during the manufacturing process. However, the surface modification requires an additional step, while the blending method, produced modification is less stable because there is only mixed without a chemical bond. This paper presents the process  of Ultrafiltration membrane (UF) of polyether sulfone (PES) by mixing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive and exposed to ultraviolet (UV) that will form a non-fouling membranes are stable. In general, the experiment was conducted on the preparation of the solution casting, followed by irradiation with UV light before it immersed in water for one day and dried. The research was carried out by varying the concentration of PEG, photo-initiator benzophenon, type of UV rays, and long irradiation. Characterization of membrane permeability measurements made with pure water, the appearance of the membrane surface with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and determine the functional groups on the membrane by FTIR. The results showed that irradiation with UV light and the PEG has a significant influence on the characteristics and performance of the membrane.
BIOFIKSASI CO2 OLEH MIKROALGA Spirulina sp DALAM UPAYA PEMURNIAN BIOGAS Fegi Yuliandri; Yudha Duta Utama; Luqman Buchori
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

The main component of biogas CH4,it is a renewable energy product that is expected to be the fuel gas. However, the presence of CO2 in the biogas decrease it’s heating value. The Purification of biogas is a solution to increase the heating value. One of eco-friendly way to purify biogas eco-friendly is by using microalgae Spirulina sp which has the CO2 Biofixation ability. This research intends to Determine the most effective flow rate of tubular type photobioreactor by using microalgae spirulina in absorbing CO2 and determine the optimum concentration of CO2 that can be absorbed by the microalgae Spirulina sp. This research is using flow rate of gas mixture (30% CO2 gas composition V: air 70% V) 0.2 L / sec, 0.5 L / sec, 1 L / sec, and 1.5 L / sec. And using composition of the feed gas (flow rate of 0.5 L / min) was 25% V CO2, 75% air V; CO2 30% V; air 70% V; V 35% CO2, 65% air V; CO2 40 % V, 60% air. The results obtained that the optimum flow rate for CO2 absroption is the flowrate  0.5 L / min with a feed gas composition CO2: air (30:70). Highest CO2 absorption amounted to 0.47%, and it doesnt reach the desired target of purification. So it needs to re-design the research’s tools to increase the amount of CO2 absorbed.
PENYISIHAN KEKERUHAN PADA SISTEM PENGOLAHAN AIR SUNGAI TEMBALANG DENGAN TEKNOLOGI RAPID SAND FILTER Catur Pamularsih; Dera Choanji; I Nyoman Widiasa
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Design of rapid sand filters differ from one place to another because it has the distinction of influent. Therefore in order to obtain the optimal, effective and efficient design for water treatment tembalang river so that the effluent can be used around the community. The purpose of this study is to get a pattern of rapid sand filter operation with water from  Tembalang river. Variables used in this study is the loading rate (10, 11, 12 gpm/ft2), high media filter (60 and 100 cm), and the addition of coagulant. The result of study showed 85% reduction of turbidity by using a loading rate of 10.2 gpm/ft2 at height of 100 cm filter media. At loading rate 11.75 gpm/ft2 removal turbidity by using a coagulant will be more effective when compared to not using coagulants.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN GULA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS ALKOHOL DALAM PEMBUATAN WINE BERBAHAN APEL BUANG (REJECT) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NOPKOR MZ.11 Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto; Furqon Hidayatulloh; Joko Murwono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Apple is one of a highly perishable fruit. Many apples fall down from the tree prematurely and known as an apple waste reject. A utilization of apple reject has not been yet developed. Beverage product processed from apples reject is an appropriate means to increase productivity and economic standards for the apple growers. It can be a solution to the decline in the price of apples at harvest time. Sugar content in apples varies depending on weather conditions, cultivation, and cultivation technology used. In general, an apple reject has a very low sugar contents ranging from 2% - 5%. One of the diversification products from apple reject is wine. Wine is one of an alcoholic beverages containing 8-15% alcohol made from fermented grape juice or other fruit. 14% of glucose content is a pre requirement of the fruit which may possible to be converted into alcohol. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of glucose content and the use of Nopkor MZ.11 on apple reject wine production. The addition of glucose concentration is necessary for the fermentation process with a variable of 10% w/v, 15% w/v, 20% w/v. The process of fermentation is performed in anaerobic conditions and a temperature of 30 ° C  for 8 days fermentation period and then the aging process are performed. Based on the result collected during the experiment, it was obtained that 15 % w/v is possibly to produce an alcohol content of 9.3 % in concentrations when the residual sugar found in wine was 5.8%.
PEMISAHAN KONJAK GLUKOMANAN MENGGUNAKAN MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI Yusiana Dewi Afriyani; Anisah Nirmala; Nita Aryanti
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Glucomannan is a polysaccharide from hemicelulose variety that consist of the chain bunch of galactose, glucose and mannose. Glucomannan can be produced from porang (Amorphallus konjac) with isolation method using enzyme amylase where carbohydrate structure from the material will be broken to be monomers glucose such as galactose, glucose and mannose. One of the efford for increasing yhe quality and pureness of glucomannan can be used separation method using ultrafiltration membrane. To know the potential of ultrafiltration membrane for purification glucomannan will be done research for separation of glucomannan solution using ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane used in this experiment is Poly ether sulfon with pores 20 kda. This research used feed concentration of 0.5 gr/L and 1.5 gr/L, with operation pressure 1 bar, 2 bar and 3 bar. The characteristic of KGM showed that the KGM having particle size of 81.2 to 186 μm. The membrane permeability is 11.87 L/m2 h bar with porous assimetric type. Flux profile show that the increase of pressure will decrease the membrane flux. In addition, the membrane rejection is higher for pressure 3 bar than 1 bar and 2 bar. However at pressure of 2 and 3 bar membrane rejection decrease with the increase of concentration due to lower permeate mass transfer. Moreover, low permeate flux is caused by fouling and polarization of concentration. We suggest for the next research about fouling affect and polarization of membrane ultrafiltration.
PENGARUH WAKTU DAN JENIS ABSORBEN PADA PROSES ENFLEURASIBUNGA MELATI (Jasminum Sambac) Muliasari Kurniati Muchtar; Fitrika Dwi Hanani; Diyono Ikhsan
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Jasmine oil is an oil produced from the flowers jasmine (Jasmine Sambac). In this study, using the methods enfleurage and vacuum distillation. The purpose of this experiment is taking jasmine oil enfleurasi method, Assessing the impact of type of adsorbent used in the process enfleurasi and Assessing the impact of time on the enfleurasi. Benefits of this experiment was to determine the type of good absorben and optimal time enfleurasi process to obtain a high yield. Jasmine oil is known as one of the allround flavouring agent because it has a distinctive aroma, attractive and widely used in the cosmetic industry for perfumes such as soaps, perfumes. In this study there are two kinds of variables, that is remain variable and changed variable. For remain variables consist of: distillation 0.5 atm pressure, temperature 50oC, and a distillation time of 3 hours. For changed variable include the time of enfleurage 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 day and type of absorbent form of petroleum jelly and beef tallow. Jasmine is obtained from Pemalang, Central Java. The observations made are the the determination, organoleptic testing, refractive index and density of jasmine oil. The results of this study, for the absorbent vaseline the highest yield of 2.07% at 20 days and enfleurasi time for absorbent beef tallowproduce the highest yield of 1.9956% at the time of enfleurasi 20 days. According organoleptic color of jasmine oil is yellow and distinctive smell of jasmine. Density obtained ranged from 0.835 ml / g to 0.915 ml / g. Refractive index obtained from the study ranged between 1.462 to 1.482.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH NUTRIENT TERHADAP KUALITAS STARTER UNTUK PEMBUATAN WINE APEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NOPKOR MZ-11 Fadilla Dwi Ratmaningsih; Abraham Trisning Eka Putra; R.P.Djoko Murwono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Production of apples that much at the momentcause a fallharvest of apples and can not all beabsorbed by the marketdue to poor quality. Because apple contains 86.5% water and has a lot of vitamins, then one of the best possible ways to overcome this problem is to reject the apple processing in to wine that has a high economic value. The main objective of this research is to create a starter that can fermentin to wine apple using turbo yeast NOPKORMZ-11. Therefore the need for breeding and a good starter preparationin order to process the apples in to wine. Breeding starter sprouts media fermented for 24 hours with the addition of variable fertilizer. From this study the addition of manureproduced by 1 permil produce biomass growth and optimal reduction % brix.

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