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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 42 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 20 no. 5 (2019)" : 42 Documents clear
Short Communication: Identification and characterization of nitrifying bacteria in mud crab (Scylla serrata) recirculation aquaculture system by 16S rRNA sequencing YUNI PUJI HASTUTI; IMAN RUSMANA; KUKUH NIRMALA; RIDWAN AFFANDI; SISKA TRIDESIANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200524

Abstract

Abstract. Hastuti YP, Rusmana I, Nirmala K, Affandi R, Tridesianti S. 2019. Identification and characterization of nitrifying bacteria in mud crab (Scylla serrata) recirculation aquaculture system by 16S rRNA sequencing. Biodiversitas 20: 1339-1343. Recirculation is one of the systems used for increasing aquaculture production, for example, is mud crab Scylla serrata culture. Aquaculture activities will produce organic nitrogen waste and can be affected to inorganic condition (nitrification bacteria). Nitrifying bacteria are capable of changing aerobically from NH4+ to NO2-(nitrite) and from NO2-to NO3-(nitrate). This current work aimed to identify and characterize nitrifying bacteria in mud crab (S. serrata) culture with a recirculated system. Nitrifying bacteria were isolated using serial dilution (10-1 until 10-5) of open filter FB water sample previously cultured in a specific medium. Bacterial identification was performed using a procedure of PrestoTM Mini gDNA Kit (Geneid) for DNA extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) primer 63F and 1387R for 16S rRNA gene amplification. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA sequences, the nitrifying bacteria isolated from mud crab recirculation aquaculture system were 99% identified as a group Pantoea calida, Pseudomonas stutzerii dan Halomonas sp. Morphological characterization of the colony morphology showed that a mucoid appearance and appeared cream in color and large size. Furthermore, their cells were recognized as basil and Gram-negative.
Mass production of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae on Tenebrio molitor and Spodoptera litura HERI PRABOWO; SRI ADIKADARSIH; JANIS DAMAIYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200525

Abstract

Abstract. Authors. 2019. Mass production of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae on Tenebrio Molitor and Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 20: 1344-1349. Steinernema carpocapsae is the most developed biological agents to control pests nowadays, to support this nematode as a biological agent mass production technique is required. S. carpocapsae can be produced via in vivo methods. In vivo production has some advantages, such as cheap, easy, and sustainable to be developed in small farm agriculture. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the mass production of S. carpocapsae using Tenebrio molitor and Spodoptera litura larvae as hosts. Twenty-five last instar larvae were inoculated with different concentrations of infective juvenile (IJ) (e.g., 100, 200, 300 and 400 IJ/larvae) of S. carpocapsae Asembagus. The production of S. carpocapsae with concentrations of 100, 200, 300 and 400 IJ/larvae on T. molitor and S. litura showed 3.62x103; 6.29x103; 1.13x104; 1.52x104; 1.13x104; 1.46x104; 1.54x104; and 1.94x104 IJ/larvae, respectively. The IJ harvest from T. molitor and S. litura shows the longest body length for IJ at a concentration of 400 IJ/larva of 437.48µm and 591.42µm, respectively. This study indicates that T. molitor and S. litura can be used to produce S. carpocapsae. The production of S. carpocapsae with a concentration of 400 IJ / larvae on T. molitor and S. litura showed the highest total yield and body length of IJ.
Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria PRAMESITA PRAWADIKA APSARI; SRI BUDIARTI; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200504

Abstract

Abstract. Apsari PP, Budiarti S, Wahyudi AT. 2019. Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria. Biodiversitas 20: 1259-1265. Based on the ability of actinomycetes as an antibacterial compounds producer and the need of finding novel antibacterial compounds, this study aims to look for antibacterial compounds from rhizosphere actinomycetes against bacteria in urine of UTI patients (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter braakii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The screening of 21 actinomycetes was conducted based on the paper disc method. Potential actinomycetes that inhibited test bacteria were, then cultured in liquid medium and the supernatant was tested to six test bacteria. Then, the supernatant was extracted using ethyl acetate and crude extract from extraction process was tested to test bacteria. Afterward, the crude extract was scanned for bioactive compounds by GC-MS. Potential actinomycetes were identified by 16S rRNA gene to reveal the species. The screening results showed that ARJ 16, 24, and 36 had a wider inhibition zone than others. All of them showed that the supernatant and the crude extract could inhibit UTI's bacteria. The highest abundance of bioactive compound of crude extract was found in Propane, 1,2-dichloro, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and Carbonochloridic acid, 2-chloroethyl ester, respectively. Identification of potential actinomycetes based on 16S rRNA gene showed that ARJ 16 and ARJ 24 were highly similar to Streptomyces sp. in 99% and ARJ 36 was similar to Streptomyces tendae in 98%.
Diversity and inheritance in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on protein and yield components characters: diversity and inheritance in cowpea (Vigna unguicullata (L.) Walp) on protein and yield components characters INDAH PURNAMASARI; SOBIR SOBIR; MUHAMAD SYUKUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200507

Abstract

Abstract. Purnamasari I, Sobir, Syukur M. 2019. Diversity and inheritance in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on protein and yield components characters. Biodiversitas 20: 1294-1298.  Diallel was a method that can be used to see inheritance and diversity character of plants. The objective of this study has evaluated the inheritance and diversity of the yield component characters and seed protein content. This study used genetic material from five homozygous cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) genotypes (KM1, KM2, KM4, KM5, and TG2) and 20 F1. Genotypes were planted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The character observed were the yield components (weight of 100 seed, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per bunch, number of pods per plant and yield) and seeds protein content. Characters that were influenced by general combining ability (GCA) consist of weight of 100 seeds, number of pods per bunch, number of seeds per pod and seed protein content. The variance of GCA has a greater value than the variance of specific combining ability (SCA). Narrow sense and broad sense heritability values were high category consist of weight 100 seed, number seeds per pod, number pods per bunch and seed protein content. That characters were inherited additively. Characters were influenced by additive gene action and have high diversity make it possible to select in F2 generation using the pedigree selection method. 
Effect of phytoremediation on the morpho-anatomical characters of some aquatic macrophytes JONES T NAPALDET; INOCENCIO Jr E BUOT; MACRINA T ZAFARALLA; IRENEO Jr. L LIT; RACHEL C SOTTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200519

Abstract

Abstract. Napaldet JT, Buot Jr. IE, Zafaralla MT, Lit Jr. IL, Sotto RC. 2019. Effect of phytoremediation on the morpho-anatomical characters of some aquatic macrophytes. Biodiversitas 20: 1289-1302. In constructed wetland studies, the effect of pollutants or the phytoremediation set-up on aquatic macrophytes is often not investigated. This literature gap may prove useful in realizing the full phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes. This study was conducted to examine the effect of phytoremediation, the set-up, and the pollutants, on the morpho-anatomical characters of aquatic macrophytes used in the constructed wetlands. This was investigated in Amaranthus spinosus, Eichhornia crassipes, Eleusine indica, and Pennisetum purpureum. Simultaneously, interesting anatomical features in the aquatic macrophytes were discovered. Anomalous secondary growth was discovered in roots and stems of A. spinosus while isobilateral anatomy of the leaf with two layers of vascular bundles and two palisade layers under each epidermis were noted in E. crassipes. The anatomy of P. purpureum was also first reported here. Results showed that the response of the aquatic macrophytes toward phytoremediation treatments was species-specific. E. indica and P. purpureum were the ones significantly affected by the phytoremediation treatment in contrasting ways. E. indica under phytoremediation suffered significantly lower growth rate than those in the uncontaminated site which could be attributed to the inability of its relatively short root system to tap into the water and nutrients. On the other hand, P. purpureum exhibited higher biomass and growth rate under phytoremediation treatment which is primarily due to the water pollutants absorbed as nutrients by the plant. There were no structural differences observed in the anatomy of the aquatic macrophytes between sampling sites except in E. indica. The root’s cortex in samples under phytoremediation has no aerenchyma while this is present in uncontaminated site and Balili River samples. This shows that, indeed, some aquatic macrophytes were significantly affected (p=0.00) by phytoremediation that should be taken in consideration when planning and designing constructed wetlands.
Population assessment and species distribution modeling of Paris polyphylla in Sikkim Himalaya, India DAWA LHENDUP LEPCHA; ADITYA PRADHAN; DHANI RAJ CHHETRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200508

Abstract

Abstract. Lepcha DL, Pradhan A, Chhetri DJ. 2019. Population assessment and species distribution modeling of Paris polyphylla in Sikkim Himalaya, India. Biodiversitas 20: 1299-1305.  Paris polyphylla Smith is an important therapeutic plant that grows in the Indian Himalayan region. In Sikkim, the survival of the species is threatened by illegal extraction of its rhizome. Therefore, immediate conservation initiative is required to conserve the existing species population in the wild. Population assessment through field survey followed by ENM revealed a positive correlation between predicted suitable habitats with the actual sites of its occurrence, except in disturbed habitats. Precipitation of driest month (Bio14) and slope were the most influential factors that contributed 41.9 % and 30 % respectively to the MaxEnt model. Field survey revealed that the density of the plants varied between 0.45 (pl/m2) and 3.89 (pl/m2) and the frequency varied from 36% to 76%. The IVI for P. polyphylla ranged between 2.68 to 8.66 based on locations. On the other hand, the IVI of associated species varied from 3.57 to 18.14 based on species. P. polyphylla is a vulnerable plant in Sikkim Himalaya and it is facing an imminent threat of extinction. Under this situation, it is imperative that works on predictive modeling will help conserve the species. This study identified the potential habitats for P. polyphylla in the higher elevations of Sikkim Himalaya where it could be reintroduced.
Short Communication: Community structure of prawns (Decapoda: Penaeidae and Palaemonidae) in mangrove inlets of Kuala Langsa, Aceh, Indonesia TEUKU M FAISAL; HELMY AKBAR; ANDIKA PUTRININGTIAS; SINGGIH AFIFA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200509

Abstract

Abstract. Faisal TM, Akbar H, Putriningtias A, Putra SA. 2019. Short Communication: Community structure of prawns (Decapoda: Penaeidae and Palaemonidae) in mangrove inlets of Kuala Langsa, Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1306-1311. The aim of this research is to describe the structure of prawn community that found at mangrove inlets of Kuala Langsa (Aceh, Indonesia). The survey was done in August 2018. Sampling sites were defined as arbitrarily. Scope netting (mesh size 1 cm and diameter 100 cm) was used to sample the prawn community. Samples were analyzed and stored at The Primary Laboratory of Universitas Samudra, Kota Langsa, Aceh. Five species of prawns from two families (i.e., Decapoda: Penaeidae and Palaemonidae) were found, i.e., Penaeus monodon, Penaeus indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros, Penaeus vannamei, Palaemon sp. The most dominance species found is M. monoceros, and the most infrequently species found is Palaemon sp. Prawn community between sampling sites are found in a high level of similarity, with medium diversity and evenness index, and no dominance indicated.
Changes of ecological wisdom of Sundanese People on conservation of wild animals: A case study in Upper Cisokan Watershed, West Java, Indonesia SIDIK PERMANA; JOHAN ISKANDAR; PARIKESIT PARIKESIT; TEGUH HUSODO; ERRI N MEGANTARA; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200506

Abstract

Abstract. Permana S, Iskandar J, Parikesit, Husodo T, Megantara EN, Partasasmita R. 2019. Changes of ecological wisdom of Sundanese People on conservation of wild animals: A case study in Upper Cisokan Watershed, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1284-1293. In the past Sundanese rural people had a very close relationship with the environment. They utilize natural resources based on traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and is strongly influenced by their perception of nature. This article elucidates the mythology of Sundanese rural people on wild animals and the changes of rural people perceptions and their behavior to wild animals in the rural ecosystem based on a case study in Bojong Salam and Sukaresmi villages, Rongga district, West Bandung, the upper Cisokan watershed, West Java. Method used in this study was qualitative, while some techniques, including observation, participant observation, and semi-structured interview were applied. The result of study showed that in the past Sundanese the rural people of Upper Cisokan watershed, West Bandung, West Java owned myths on some wild animals that is inherited from their ancestor through oral and using mother language. The influence of these myths on wild animals caused the rural people had prohibited to kill these animals and important role for traditional conservation. Nowadays, however, some myths on wild animals of rural people have not eroded or not recognized by young generations. Consequently, some taboos in hunting and catching animal based on myths on wild animals have tended not been applied to conserve wild animals traditionally. Therefore, to develop appropriate nature conservation, the biophysical, the socio-economic and cultural aspects must be holistically considered.
Land cover change and land use suitability analyses of coastal area in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia SARAH AFSHOLNISSA; ENDANG HERNAWAN; TIEN LASTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200541

Abstract

Abstract. Afsholnissa S, Hernawan E, Lastini T. 2019. Land cover change and land use suitability analyses of coastal area in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1475-1481. Shrimp farming in the southern coast of Bantul District is considered to be the cause of environmental degradation, decline of mangrove association due to logging for land conversion to shrimp pond and also considered to be the cause of agricultural land for crops around the shrimp pond. The purpose of this study was to identify land use change and analyze the land suitability for shrimp farming, agriculture, and mangrove plant associations. Identification of land use was done using ENVI 5.3. The study identified 34.88 ha (3.16%) empty ponds, 20.97 ha (1.90%) active ponds and as much as 91.93 ha (8.31%) land used for agriculture. The identification of land use change using Google Timelapse revealed a dominant land conversion of sandy soil and mangrove plant area into shrimp ponds in 2007 and continue to increase from 2011 to 2015. Land suitability was evaluated using ArcGIS 10.5 with an overlay method. The results revealed that 634.82 ha area of the land was suitable for shrimp ponds and ??84.32 ha area were suitable for non-paddy agriculture. Lands suitable for paddy field were about 148.58 ha, and that for mangrove plant association was 616.42 ha. Spatially, coastal area of ??Bantul District was dominantly suitable for shrimp farming.
Genetic structure and diversity between and within African and American oil palm species based on microsatellite markers AZIS NATAWIJAYA; SINTHO W ARDIE; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; ISMAIL MASKROMO; ALEX HARTANA; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200501

Abstract

Abstract. Natawijaya A, Ardie SW, Syukur M, Maskromo I, Hartana A, Sudarsono S. 2019. Genetic structure and diversity between and within African and American oil palm species based on microsatellite markers. Biodiversitas 20: 1233-1240. The genus Elaeis consists of only two species, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (the African oil palm species) and E. oleifera (HBK) Cortes (the American oil palm species). E. guineensis (E.g) is widely cultivated in southeast Asia and Africa, whereas E. oleifera (E.o) is naturally existed and cultivated in Central and South America. The objectives of this research were to analyze genetic diversity of eight groups of E.g and two groups of E.o using co-dominant genetic markers (SSRs) and evaluate their genetic structures. A total of 27 SSR loci was used to genotype a total of 128 accessions of African oil palm species (E.g) belonging to three different types (Dura, Pisifera and Tenera) and eight genetic backgrounds (Dumpy Dura and Deli Dura; Avros, Dumpy Avros, Binga, and Angola Pisifera; and Angola and Dumpy Avros Tenera) and 64 accessions of E.o collected from two different regions (Tefe and Manaus). The genotype data were used to calculate the population genetic diversity and structures for each oil palm species using the appropriate software. Results of the analysis indicated although they belonged to two different species, E.g and E.o shared many of the same SSR alleles in their genome and only contain few species-specific SSR alleles. Most of the evaluated genetic parameters were similar between E.g and E.o oil palm species but E.o has higher average number of effective allele than that of E.g. The calculated genetic variance is mostly belonged to the within-species variance source while the between species is relatively small. The phylogenetic tree and structure analysis reveal the high genetic variability among the evaluated oil palm groups which would be beneficial for future breeding program at Mekarsari Research Station. The tested E.o specific alleles were effective for identifying introgression lines between Eo × E.g // E.g carrying the E.o chromosome fragments. Therefore, these E.o specific alleles could be used in oil palm backcrossing program to monitor the introgression process.

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