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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 21 no. 4 (2020)" : 60 Documents clear
The screening of phytochemical and antioxidant activity of agarwood leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis) from two sites in North Sumatra, Indonesia Ridwanti Batubara; SURJANTO; T. ISMANELLY HANUM; ARBI HANDIKA; ODING AFFANDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210440

Abstract

Abstract. Batubara R, Surjanto, Hanum TI, Handika A, Afandi O. 2020. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of agarwood leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis) from two sites in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1588-1596. Agarwood of gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk) has an antioxidant activity which can reduce free radicals. This research was conducted to analyze the chemical compounds of agarwood, and the antioxidant activities from two different grown sites, Laru, and Hutanabolon Village. Ethanol extracts of the agarwood leaves (EEAL) were obtained through maceration method. The phytochemical screening included the examination of secondary plant metabolites, while antioxidant activity was determined by free radicals scavenging activity against 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). An observable parameter was the percentage of free-radical-reduction with different concentrations (40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm) and inhibitory concentrations (IC50) value by using regression equation. The phytochemical screening result showed that simplicia and EEAL from Laru grown site contained secondary plant metabolites, such as steroid/triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, while simplicia leaves of agarwood from Hutanabolon grown site contained alkaloids, steroid/triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins, However, EEAL from Hutanabolon was found to only contain alkaloids. The f antioxidant activity of EEAL from Laru 27.887 ± 0.560 ppm was not different from Hutanabolon 27.807 ± 4.630 ppm. The EEAL from both Laru and Hutanabolon had a very strong antioxidant activity.
Length-weight relationships and ponderal index of three reef fish (Teleostei: Labridae) off the Tanjung Tiram coast, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Asriyana Asriyana; Nur Irawati; Halili Halili
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210402

Abstract

Abstract. Asriyana A, Irawati N, Halili H. 2020. Length-weight relationships and ponderal index of three reef fish (Teleostei: Labridae) off the Tanjung Tiram coast, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1279-1286. Parameters of length-weight relationship and ponderal index were estimated for first time for three reef fish (Labridae), Cheilinus trilobatus, Cheilinus chlorourus, and Choerodon anchorago, off the Tanjung Tiram coast, Indonesia. A total of 292 specimens (C. trilobatus 146 specimens; C. chlorourus 100 specimens; C. anchorago 46 specimens) were collected monthly in experimental gillnets in coral reefs and seagrass beds from January to June 2018. The length-weight relationship and ponderal index were calculated for each species. C. trilobatus showed total length and weight of 9.0-17.2 cm and 12.33-78.79 g, respectively, while C. chlorourus was 8.5-17.5 cm and 10.41-100.21 g, and C. anchorago 9.0-27.0 cm and 18.51-414.00 g. C. trilobatus showed negative allometric growth, while C. chlorourus and C. anchorago had isometric growth. The length-weight relationship of C. trilobatus followed the linear equation of W=0.10TL2.35, while C. chlorourus and C. anchorago fit to W=0.03TL2.83; W=0.03TL2.91 respectively. The highest ponderal index occurred in May for C. trilobatus and in June for C. chlorourus and C. anchorago indicating a peak of the spawning season. The study results could be used as baseline information for future fisheries management of the area.
Review: Biodiversity of forests over limestone in Southeast Asia with emphasis on the Philippines Paul John Tolentino; JOHN RYAN L. NAVIDAD; MARJORIE DELOS ANGELES; DESAMARIE ANTONETTE P. FERNANDEZ; ELAINE LOREEN C. VILLANUEVA; REN DIVIEN R. OBEÑA; INOCENCIO E. BUOT, JR.
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210441

Abstract

Abstract. Tolentino PJS, Navidad JRL, Angeles MD, Fernandez AP, Villanueva ELC, Obena RDR, Buot Jr IE. 2020. Review: Biodiversity of forests over limestone in Southeast Asia with emphasis on the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 1597-1613. A comprehensive review of literature was carried out to determine the status of plant and animal diversity on forests over limestone in Southeast Asia (SEA), particularly in the Philippines. Angiosperm records are available in Peninsular Malaysia (1216 spp.); West Java and Seram Indonesia (101 and 149 spp., respectively); Laos (135 spp.); Thailand and Myanmar (1 sp.); and Limestone areas in Vietnam. Pteridophytes were recorded in Malaysia (32 spp.) while Bryophytes are recorded in Peninsular Malaysia (59 spp.). In the Philippines, there are plant records in: Masbate (61 spp.); Isabela (169 spp. Pteridophytes); Bohol (12 spp.), and Samar forests over limestone (29 spp. palms and 20 spp. orchids). A floral assessment in Samar Island Natural Park (SINP) includes species (212 spp.) that can possibly be found but are not limited to karsts. New Philippine endemic species are also recorded in Cebu, Palawan, and Panay Island. There are animal records in SEA including Vietnam (Bats-36, Bird-1, and Langurs-5 spp.); Malaysia (Sciuridae-1, Bats-28, Birds-129, Reptiles-17, and Invertebrates-74 spp.); Thailand (Murids-12, Reptiles-11, and Amphibian-1 sp.); and Myanmar (Reptiles-15 spp.). Records in the Philippines include: Mammals (Bicol-9, Mt. Irid-24, Mt. Aruyan-1, and Cebu-1 species), and; Birds (Cebu-1 sp.). A terrestrial faunal assessment in SINP includes species (182 spp.) that can possibly be found but are not limited to karsts. Forests over limestone are still largely understudied and the potential of discovering species is high. Further research is critical to establish science-based initiatives and policies that will protect and conserve limestone ecosystem biodiversity while allowing the utilization of its biological resources at a sustainable level.
Identification and expression of gonadotrophin hormones in gouramy (Osphronemous gouramy, Lacepède, 1801) under photoperiod manipulations norman prayogo; asrul siregar; purnama sukardi; yasumasa bessho
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210413

Abstract

Abstract. Prayogo NA, Siregar AS, Sukardi P, Bessho Y. 2020. Identification and expression of gonadotrophin hormones in gouramy (Osphronemoous gouramy, Lacepède, 1801) under photoperiod manipulations. Biodiversitas 21: 1365-1372. The environment influences fish reproduction. One of the influential environmental factors is photoperiod that regulates the production of hormones for gonad growth and development, gametogenesis, then the reproductive cycle. This research was conducted to determine the effect of photoperiod on the reproductive performance of gouramy with different photoperiod treatments. The design of this study was four photoperiod treatments consisting of 14L: 10D, 16L: 8D and 18L: 6D and controls. Fish samples were divided into 4 aquariums consisting of nine fish and repetition was conducted on each. Fish were kept under photoperiod treatment for 16 weeks. The observed variable was pituitary activity. Pituitary activity was evaluated by measuring the expression of FSH and LH genes using Real Time PCR. The results showed that gouramy had FSH and LH genes with 483 bp and 506 bp. FSH and LH gene expression increased with long photoperiod exposure (P <0.05). These findings indicate that photoperiods regulate the reproduction of gouramy through the HPG axis and control the production of the hormone Gonadotropin.
Supporting plant diversity and conservation through landscape planning: A case study in an agro-tourism landscape in Tampusu, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Fabiola Baby Saroinsong
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210432

Abstract

Abstract. Saroinsong FB. 2020. Supporting plant diversity and conservation through landscape planning: a case study in an agro-tourism landscape in Tampusu, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1518-1526. Plants are one of the living elements of a landscape which have dynamic characteristics. In the green/vegetation concept, the diversity of plants becomes vital in landscape planning to articulate the ecological, socio-cultural, and economic aspects in effort to mitigate biodiversity loss. The aim of this study is to illustrate the application of the green concept when planning an agro-tourism landscape in Tampusu region, North Sulawesi, Indonesia which demonstrates the function and utilization of plants in landscape management while paying attention to plant diversity. Data collection was conducted by field surveys, interviews, and literature studies. Data collected and analyzed included the existing conditions of site, site history, planning goal, topography, flora and fauna, climate, existing facilities and utilities, and area management. Based on its function, the green concept in landscape planning in Tampusu agro-tourism grouped plant diversity into four functions, namely production, ecological, architectural, and aesthetic functions. The ecological aspect of plant species selection (both existing species and added species) was based on the consideration of the plant's function in the landscape with special consideration of its contribution to plant diversity and conservation including those considered as endemic species. There are architectural function for examples Goodyera celebica, Racemobambos celebica, Ficus minahassae, Pterospermum celebicum, Diospyros celebica; ecological function for examples F. minahassae, Clerodendrum minahassae, Vatica celebica, Myristica minahassae, Diospyros minahassae, Korthalsia celebica, Licuala celebica, Aquilaria beccariana, Kibatalia wigmanii, Lithocarpus celebica; production function for examples Musa celebica, Musa acuminafe; aesthetic function for examples C. minahassae, Ixora celebica, D. celebica, R. celebica, Phalaenopsis celebensis. This study demonstrates that the application of the green concept in landscape planning can help to translate plant diversity and conservation into management actions, especially in agro-tourism landscape.
Ethnoornithological study in selected villages of Riau Province, Indonesia ELFIS; Prima Wahyu Titisari; NUNUT SUHARNI; KHAIRANI; NADIATUL JANNA; TIKA PERMATASARI; INDRY CHAHYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210445

Abstract

Abstract. Elfis, Titisari PW, Suharni N, Khairani, Janna N, Permatasari T, Chahyana I. 2020. Ethnoornithological study in selected villages of Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1645-1652. Riau Province, along the central-eastern coast of Sumatra, is an area of high bird diversity. The purpose of this study is to document and analyze the ethnoornithological local wisdom of some selected villages and use it to develop a strategy for biodiversity conservation in Riau. The method used in this research involved direct observation of some areas that have local accumulated natural history knowledge and interviews with selected informants of the local community. Some bird species were found to be central to the local culture, and these included the Punai Saluang/Sumatran Green-pigeon (Treron oxyura Temminck), Serindit Melayu/Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot (Loriculus galgulus Linnaeus), Bubut/Greater Coucal (Centropus Sinensis Stephens), and Rangkong Gading/Helmeted Hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil Forster). These bird species are used in traditional medicine, rituals and symbols in Riau Province. Serindit Melayu/Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot is a symbol of the Malay community in Riau and averts evil in the village of Gema. Rangkong Gading/Helmeted Hornbill body parts are used in ritual treatment to cure various diseases by the TalangMamak Tribe in Rantau Langsat. Punai Saluang/Sumatran Green-pigeon is used as a metaphor in folk literature of the Malays in the Pelalawan area, and Bubut/Greater Coucal (Centropus sinensis Stephens) body parts are used as traditional medicine by the Malays in Kuok Village. There are several aspects that need to be studied further to conserve these birds, including the ecology, reproduction, and behavior aspects. Through preservation of these ethnoornithological rituals and education of the younger generation, these and other species of birds can be better sustained in and around the culture of Riau society.
Molecular and morphological characterization of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants resistant to Chili veinal mottle virus Ifa Manzila; Tri Puji Priyatno; KRISTIANTO NUGROHO; RERENSTRADIKA TIZAR TERRYANA; puji Lestari; SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210424

Abstract

Abstract. Manzila I, Priyatno TP, Nugroho K, Terryana RT, Lestari P, Hidayat SH. 2020. Molecular and morphological characterization of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants resistant to Chili veinal mottle virus. Biodiversitas 21: 1448-1457. Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) is a major prevalent virus that potentially reduces the yield of chili pepper by more than 50% in Indonesia. Therefore, the development of a ChiVMV-resistant cultivar is necessary to ensure satisfactory chili pepper production. Mutation breeding is a promising tool available to produce virus-resistant plants via the induction of new alleles due to point mutations within the existing chili germplasm. This research was conducted to assess the genetic variation of ten promising (M6) EMS-induced mutant lines of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) potentially resistant to ChiVMV by their morphological characteristics and SSR profile, as well as identify potential mutants based on agronomic traits. The ten chili pepper mutant lines used in the present study were derived from the shoot tips of a Gelora cultivar treated with 0.5% ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as a chemical mutagen. The performance of the respective promising chili pepper mutant lines both at a molecular and morphological level was observed. Phenotypic analysis showed that all the promising chili pepper mutant lines underwent significant morphological changes. Of these, the phenotype coefficient variation (PCV) values were higher than the genotype coefficient variation (GCV) values for all the traits observed. High heritability (h2) was found for the canopy area, length of the fruit stalk, fruit weight, fruit weight per plant, thick fruit flesh, leaf width, leaf length, and fruit storage duration. A total of 52 alleles were detected from the five polymorphic SSR loci with 5.2 average alleles/loci. A dendrogram was generated and revealed two groups with five mutants clustered separately from their parents which could be valuable for further improvement.
Food habits of endemic opudi fish (Telmatherina prognatha, Kottelat 1991) in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Chadijah Andi; Sulistiono; Ridwan Affandi; Gadis Sri Haryani; Ali Mashar
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210414

Abstract

Abstract. Chadijah A, Sulistiono, Affandi R, Haryani GS, Mashar A. 2020. Food habits of endemic opudi fish (Telmatherina prognatha, Kottelat 1991) in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1373-1378. The opudi fish (Telmatherina prognatha) is endemic fish in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi. This study aims to analyze food habits of the opudi fish. This study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019 in the Matano Lake at six sampling sites in Lawa River, Wotu pali, Salonsa Beach, Utuno, Petea River, and Tanah Merah. The sampling was taken using bag nets with 0.5 inches of mesh size. Food observation was carried out by examining the stomach of the fish. Analysis of the diet includes index stomach content (ISC), occurrent frequency and index of preponderance (IP). The fish was consisted of 687 males and 478 females. Stomach contents of the fish consisted of three kinds of foods such part of insect, debris and plankton. IP for male consisted of part of insect (58%), debris (13%), and plankton (Nitzschia sp. Eunotia sp. 11%). IP for female consisted of part of insect (33%), Navicula sp. and debris (17%), followed by Nitzschia sp. (13%).
Short Communication: Landscape composition alters parasitoid wasps but not their host diversity in tropical agricultural landscapes Tazkiyatul Syahidah; AKHMAD RIZALI; LILIK B. PRASETYO; PUDJIANTO; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210452

Abstract

Abstract. Syahidah T, Rizali A, Prasetyo LB, Pudjianto, Buchori D. 2020. Short Communication: Landscape composition alters parasitoid wasps but not their host diversity in tropical agricultural landscapes. Biodiversitas 21: 1702-1706. The diversity of parasitoid wasps and their hosts in an agricultural landscape is affected by crop management and habitat conditions around crop fields. The composition of agricultural landscapes that are dominated by non-crop or natural habitats are assumed to be able to support the presence of parasitoid wasps as biological control of pests. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of landscape composition on the diversity of parasitoid wasps and their hosts in agricultural landscapes. The research observations were conducted on six fields of long-bean cultivation located in Bogor District, West Java Province, Indonesia. Parasitoid wasps were collected by hand-collecting of their hosts (lepidopteran larvae) within 60 m distance transect to each long-bean field. In total, 17 species of parasitoid wasps and 12 species of lepidopteran larvae were found from all agricultural landscapes. A parasitoid wasp, Microplitis manilae was found in all long-bean fields (except Bantarjaya) and only parasitized the tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura). The tomato looper, Chrysodeixis chalcites had the highest associated parasitoids and was also parasitized by Braconidae sp5 which was also a parasitoid of S. litura. Based on the analysis results, the patch numbers of natural habitats had a positive effect on the diversity of parasitoid wasps and had no effect on the diversity of lepidopteran larvae. In conclusion, landscape compositions with patchy natural habitats have an important role to preserve beneficial insects and maintain ecosystem services in tropical agricultural landscapes.
Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia Slamet Isworo; POERNA SRI OETARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210436

Abstract

Abstract. Isworo S, Oetari PS. 2020. Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1551-1560. The ecological balance in Tegal harbor area needs to get serious attention due to the impacts of Tegal Port activities. For this purpose, the diversity of mangrove and avifauna (bird) can be used as bio-indicators of the ecological stability of the area. This study aimed to assess and analyze the diversity of plants and avifauna (birds) that live in mangrove and coastal zones around Tegal Port development area. Data collection was conducted using purposive random sampling method on two sites for vegetation and three sites for avifauna. The importance value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Sorensen’s similarity index was calculated for the vegetation. For birds, we calculated the diversity and similarity index as well as identified their conservation status based on the IUCN Red List, CITES and government regulations. In terms of vegetation, Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina dominate Site 2 (Tegalsari) while Casuarina equisetifolia and R. mucronata dominate Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach). Overall, the vegetation has low biodiversity index and similarity between sites is also low. For bird, there are 37 species from 18 families. Site 1 (Muara Reja) has the highest number of species with 29 species, followed by Site 2 (Tegalsari) with 25 species, and Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach) with 22 species. The three sites have moderate diversity index and there is high similarity index between sites. All bird species found in the study sites are listed as Least Concern under IUCN Red List, while there are two species protected under national protection law, i.e. Ardea alba and Glareola maldivarum. In general, the condition of mangrove vegetation around Tegal Port has low diversity. This suggests that the pressure on the environment is quite high, causing only few plant species to be able to live and dominate the ecosystem. The limited vegetation also causes birds community, especially the protected A. alba and G. maldivarum in Site 2, becomes increasingly difficult to find, because places to find food, breeding places and places to rest are disturbed.

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