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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 22 no. 1 (2021)" : 60 Documents clear
Population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean Elephant in Tulin Onsoi, Nunukan District, Indonesia based on dung counts WISHNU SUKMANTORO; Agus Suyitno; Mulyadi Mulyadi; DONI GUNARYADI; AGANTO SENO; ALFRED INDRA KUSUMA; DARWIS DARWIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220138

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmantoro W, Suyitno A, Mulyadi, Gunaryadi D, Seno A, Kusuma AI, Darwis. 2021. Population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean Elephant in Tulin Onsoi, Nunukan District, Indonesia based on dung counts. Biodiversitas 22: 311-319. The survey on population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean elephants is very important because it reduces the information gap about Bornean elephants’ population and distribution. In more detail, the study can be used for updating information and the needs of local government in a spatial plan based on biodiversity conservation. The survey of Bornean Elephant was conducted in Tulin Onsoi Subdistrict, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, starting in February 2018 to May 2019. The survey area’s scopes are Agison, Sibuda, Apaan, and Tampilon sub-water catchment areas in 34 (5 x 5 km2) grids with a total of 850 km2.  The occupancy method with perpendicular line transect was used in this study. In the survey, the number of traces was 52 finding points with a total of 241 traces. The elephant dung identified in the dung piles (one-time defecation) was in 29 finding points with a total of 38 dung piles (0.22 dung piles per km). Based on Distance 6.0 and involved the formula of the elephant population’s density with standard defecation and dung decay ratio, the elephant population density in the Tulin Onsoi is between 4.8-5.7 individuals/100 km2. Minimum convex polygon (MCP)-qHull showed that the area of ??the elephant habitat is 253.12 km2 in Tulin Onsoi sub-district. Generally, the habitat conditions for the location are old secondary forests (37 %). Meanwhile, other habitats included in the survey area are primary forest, shrubs, and plantations, including community agriculture and roads. In the strategy of managing the Bornean elephant, efforts to stabilize or increase population are important things to do. Conservation-based spatial planning and close monitoring for the protection of small populations of this species and its threats, are options that can be selected for present and future in North Kalimantan.
Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity Arido Yugovelman Ahaddin; Sri Budiarti; Apon Zaenal Mustopa; Huda S Darusman; Lita Triratna
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220128

Abstract

Abstract. Ahaddin AY, Budiarti S, Mustopa AZ, Darusman HS, Triratna L. 2021. Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity. Biodiversitas 22: 227-232. Lactobacillus plantarum S34 belongs to the Lactobacilli class produces a bacteriocin called plantaricin. Bacteriocins are well known as active compounds that inhibit bacterial growth. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of plantaricin S34 and its safety profile in the ddY mouse animal models. Plantaricin 34 from the crude extract was identified using Tricine SDS-PAGE. Antimicrobial activity was observed using disk diffusion against EPEC K1.1, S. aureus, S. typhosa, S typhimurium, and Proteus sp. The safety assessment showed that crude extract of plantaricin S34 did not cause any abnormalities to experimental mice even after being administrated with 5000 mg/kg BB. The identification of plantaricin S34 showed an active molecule at 7.34 kDa and had an activity to inhibit the pathogens used in this study. The blood analysis showed that the hematological and biochemical blood properties were in the normal range. Histopathological examination showed no damage to the intestine, liver, and kidneys. Thus, the crude extract of plantaricin S34 is active as an antimicrobial agent without any toxicity effects.
Species diversity and phenetic relationship among accessions of api-api (Avicennia spp.) in Java based on morphological characters and ISSR markers fennalia putri sabdanawaty; Purnomo PURNOMO; Budi Setyadi Daryono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220125

Abstract

Abstract. Sabdanawaty FP, Purnomo, Daryono BS. 2021. Species diversity and phenetic relationship among accessions of api-api (Avicennia spp.) in Java based on morphological characters and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 22: 193-198. Api-api (Avicennia spp.) from mangrove groups is rich in economic and ecological benefits. Research on the potential of api-api has been extensively done, but no research is specifically focused on the identification of api-api. This study aims to identify species diversity and phenetic relationships of api-api in Java based on morphological and molecular characters. The morphological analysis was based on 35 characters and referred to the descriptor. The PCA analysis on the morphological characters of Avicennia spp. showed a high diversity. Morphological characters have a high effect on grouping patterns such as habitat, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf base, and petal color. Molecular observations were done on the polymorphism of DNA bands. The ISSR primers used were ISSR02, ISSR04, and ISSR10. PCR amplification of DNA was separated and visualized using a doc gel electrophoresis. The results showed a high diversity based on the percentage of DNA polymorphism. The research resulted in three species of Avicennia spp. in Java, namely Avicennia officinalis, A. alba, and A. marina. Phenetic relationships between Avicennia spp. form was based on similarity in character, not based on the area of origin. The environmental conditions in this study slightly opposed the character of Avicennia spp., which presumably due to the similarity in various marine areas of Java such as temperature, pH, and the required salinity.
Physicochemical and functional properties of spineless, short-spines, and long-spines sago starch BUDI SANTOSO; Zita Letviany Sarungallo; ANGELA MYRRA PUSPITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220119

Abstract

Abstract. Santoso B, Sarungallo ZL, Puspita AM. 2021. Physicochemical and functional properties of spineless, short-spines, and long-spines sago starch. Biodiversitas 22: 137-143. Starch application in the food and non-food industries is influenced by their properties. The aim of this research was to characterize the physicochemical and functional of spineless, short-spines, and long-spine sago starch. Starch morphology for all types had an oval shape with a smooth surface, which was proved by the X-ray diffraction analysis. The proximate composition did not differ for all types of sago, except the protein of spineless sago type was slightly higher but it did not affect the profile and gelatinization process. The amylose content of spineless, short spines and long spine of sago starch was 33.61 %db, 38.47 % db, and 37.59 % db, respectively; categorized as a high in amylose then tends to be stickyless. The value of peak viscosity and setback of spineless sago (7571.0 cP and 1495.0 cP) and long spines sago (7608.0 cP and 923.0 cP) were higher than the short spines sago starch (1271.0 cP and 538.0 cP). Therefore, the spineless and the long spines sago starch are suitable as thickener and fillers, while the short spines sago starch is suggested for cakes and bakery products because it will not harden when the product is cold.
Mangrove associated macrobenthos community structure from an estuarine island MD. HABIBUR RAHMAN; M. BELAL HOSSAIN; Ahasan Habib; MD. ABU NOMAN; SHUVAGATO MONDAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220130

Abstract

Abstract. Rahman MDH, Hossain MB, Habib A, Noman MDA, Mondal S. 2021. Mangrove associated macrobenthos community structure from an estuarine island. Biodiversitas 22: 247-252. Macroinvertebrate living on or around the mangroves has not been or less investigated in Bangladesh. This study was carried out to describe the density, distribution, and community structure of mangrove associated macrobenthos in Nijhum Dwip, central coast of Bangladesh. A total of 17 taxa were identified belonging to mainly Polychaetes (67.37%), Mysids (23.53%), Isopods (3.83%), Amphipods (0.58%), and Gastropods (0.29%). Polychaetes were dominant by contributing 67.37% of total macrobenthos. The number of benthic fauna ranged from 359 to 1617 inds./m2 with a mean value of 1003.93± 400.3 inds./m 2 There was no significant difference observed (p > 0.05) in the abundance of macrofauna among the stations. The maximum Shannon-Wiener Index (H’) of species diversity was found at St2 (1.323) and the lowest at St4 (0.8) in the monsoon period possibly due to high rainfall and disturbance of benthic habitat. The Shannon-Wiener diversity values suggest the area was less polluted. The information from the present study can be used to measure the impacts of pollution to conserve biodiversity in sustainable manner.
The morphological characters and DNA barcoding identification of sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) from Rongkong watershed of South Sulawesi, Indonesia Jurniati Jurniati; DIANA ARFIATI; SAPTO ANDRIYONO; ASUS MAIZAR SURYANTO HERTIKA; ANDI KURNIAWAN; WENDY ALEXANDER TANOD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220116

Abstract

Abstract. Jurniati, Arfiati D, Andriyono S, Hertika AMS, Kurniawan A, Tanod WA. 2021. The morphological characters and DNA Barcoding identification of sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) from Rongkong watershed of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 113-121. Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Palaemonidae), play an essential role in freshwater ecosystems. Apart from being a crucial biotic component, freshwater prawns are also an important fishery commodity. The sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) is a freshwater prawn that inhabits the Wallacea area and is a key constituent of crustacean biodiversity. However, morphological studies on Macrobrachium prawns that inhabit Sulawesi are still minimal. This study is the first report on the morphological and DNA barcoding identification of freshwater prawn M. esculentum downstream of the Rongkong watershed in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The morphological characterization includes morphometric and meristic characteristics and is complemented by the DNA barcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region. The analysis of the morphometric characteristics showed the formation of two population groups: the Waelawi River group and the Salujambu-Pombakka Rivers group. However, the meristic characteristics of M. esculentum from the three rivers were not significantly different. Meanwhile, the DNA barcoding analysis confirmed that the samples collected from the three rivers belong to the same species. This study provides information on the identification of M. esculentum inhabiting the Rongkong watershed and its population characters and grouping based on morphometric and meristic characteristics. This information can contribute to the management of fishery resources and the conservation of M. esculentum prawn resources in the Rongkong watershed, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Conservation status of large mammals in protected and logged forests of the greater Taman Negara Landscape, Peninsular Malaysia Gopalasamy Reuben Clements; SUSANA ROSTRO-GARCÍA; JAN F. KAMLER; SONG HORNG LIANG; ABDUL KADIR BIN ABU HASHIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220133

Abstract

Abstract. Clements GR, Rostro-García S, Kamler JF, Liang SH, Hashim AKBA. 2021. Conservation status of large mammals in protected and logged forests of the greater Taman Negara Landscape, Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22: 272-277. Peninsular Malaysia contains a large community of IUCN Threatened mammal species, although recent records in some protected areas is unknown. The greater Taman Negara Landscape is one of the national priority areas for tiger conservation, but the recent occurrence of large mammals in the landscape has not been sufficiently updated. Here, we conducted systematic camera-trap surveys in protected and logged forests of the Taman Negara Landscape: Merapoh in Taman Negara National Park (TNM), and the Dungun Timber Complex (DTC), respectively. We found that the diversity of large mammals in TNM appeared to be the same between 2000 and 2016. The detection frequencies (DF) of several Threatened species, such as Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni), dhole (Cuon alpinus), and Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica), were similar between surveys, suggesting the relative abundance of these species likely remained stable during the past 16 years. However, the DF of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) were lower compared to 2000. In DTC, overall mammalian diversity was relatively lower than in TNM, primarily due to the non-detection of two large ungulates: gaur (Bos gaurus) and sambar (Rusa unicolor). Nevertheless, we recorded several other Threatened species of mammals, suggesting there is potential for this forest reserve to preserve some of Peninsular Malaysia’s most Threatened mammal species. Our results suggest that the Taman Negara Landscape is still an important global site for the conservation of several Threatened species, and we recommend an increase in wildlife law enforcement efforts to ensure the survival of its large and diverse mammalian community.
Short Communication: Species composition and diversity of vegetation in dryland agricultural landscape Ida Ardiyaningrum; MARIA THERESIA SRI BUDIASTUTI; KOMARIAH KOMARIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220109

Abstract

Abstract. Ardiyaningrum I, Budiastuti MTS, Komariah. 2021. Short Communication: Species composition and diversity of vegetation in dryland agricultural landscape. Biodiversitas 22: 65-71. Drylands are a part of the terrestrial ecosystems with a relatively larger area compared to wetlands. Selo has dryland with steep slopes and high rainfall, resulting in relatively high soil erosion. The land use in this sub-district is dominated by plantations and agriculture, with conditions that have not been fully balanced by trees as a means of controlling erosion and supporting vegetation diversity. Therefore, studies on biodiversity are important as an indicator of dryland sustainability, especially in terms of soil and water conservations. This research aimed to study the species composition and diversity of vegetation in the dryland agricultural landscape in Selo Sub-district, Boyolali District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis was performed by using the quadratic sampling technique for tree category, pole category, sapling category, and seedling categories. The results indicated that Fabaceae had the highest number of species. Tree species with the highest Importance Value Index were Toona sureni, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Casuarina junghuhniana, respectively. The Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index showed that the vegetation at tree, pole, and sapling stages had a moderate diversity, and seedling-stage vegetation had a low diversity.
Level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle associated with their age and geographical location I Ketut Berata; Ni Nyoman Werdi Susari; I Wayan Sudira; Kadek Karang Agustina
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220104

Abstract

Abstract. Berata IK, Susari NNW, Sudira IW, Agustina KK. 2021. Level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle associated with their age and geographical location. Biodiversitas 22: 23-29. Lead contamination is increasingly common and endangers human as well as animal health. Cattle, which is a source of protein for humans, are very sensitive to lead exposure in a polluted environment. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle related to their geographical location and age. A total of 300 cattle was drawn as the research sample, consisting of 150 each from the low and the highland. Each comprises of 50 young (<2 years old), 50 at puberty (2-3 years old), and 50 old cattle (>3 years old). The blood sample was taken from their jugular vein and collected in tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as anticoagulants. The lead content was measured using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results showed average data for the lowlands, which include 0.430 ± 0.411 ppm, 0.792 ± 0.356 ppm, and 1.234 ± 0.533 ppm for young, puberty, and old, respectively. The highlands include 0.047 ± 0.074 ppm, 0.057 ± 0.061 ppm, and 0.089 ± 0.169 ppm for young, puberty, and old, respectively. Furthermore, the ANOVA showed a significantly higher (P<0.05) lead level in the blood of lowlands cattle than the highlands. We also found that in the lowlands, the lead level increased significantly (P<0.05) with the cattle's age, while the highlands show no difference. Based on the results, it is concluded that cattle in the lowlands are more exposed to lead than cattle in the highlands. Also, the increase in the blood lead level associated with age occurs only in cattle of the lowlands.
Acclimating leaf celery plant (Apium graveolens) via bottom wet culture for increasing its adaptability to tropical riparian wetland ecosystem Benyamin Lakitan; KARTIKA KARTIKA; SUSILAWATI SUSILAWATI; ANDI WIJAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220139

Abstract

Abstract. Lakitan B, Kartika, Susilawati, Wijaya A. 2021. Acclimating leaf celery plant (Apium graveolens) via bottom wet culture to increase its adaptability to the tropical riparian wetland ecosystem. Biodiversitas 22: 320-328. Bottom-wet culture was set up for acclimating leaf celery plant prior to cultivation at shallow water table conditions. The aim of this research was to evaluate adaptability of leaf celery plants to riparian wetland ecosystem. Leaf celery was selected as potential candidate since natural habitat of its wild relatives is marshlands. Shading at 0%, 20%, and 60% was applied to reduced tropical sunlight intensity. Results of this study indicated that soil moisture was significantly increased in plants exposed to 60% shading, but leaf SPAD value was not significantly affected. Leaf celery is a perennial vegetable that can be frequently harvested. Weekly harvesting was rewarded with optimum yield and good quality leaves, i.e. high SPAD value (45.73 to 51.89). Delaying harvest to 3 weeks increased total yield but 52.12% of the harvested leaves were non-marketable. Mother plant of leaf celery produced suckers, but number of suckers only moderately correlated with yield (R2 = 0.56). Plants exposed to 60% shading produced significantly less suckers (9.00) than those exposed to full sunlight (12.46) and 20% shading (12.88) Use of zero intercept linear regression model, with length of leaf midrib (LLM) x leaf wingspan (LWS) as predictor, resulted in a geometrically based and accurate leaf area estimation model (LA = 0.3431(LLM x LWS); R2 = 0.87) for compound leaves of leaf celery plant. In conclusion, the most crucial factor in optimizing quantity and quality of yield was weekly harvesting focusing on marketable-size leaves.

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