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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 50 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 26 no. 1 (2025)" : 50 Documents clear
Water quality and plankton diversity to support aquaculture in the middle Mahakam Watershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia HENNY PAGORAY; IWAN SUYATNA; KOMSANAH SUKARTI; ARIF DATA KESUMA; TUNGGUL BUTARBUTAR; MUHAMMAD RAAFI; MUHAMMAD BAGJA BRITANIA SUYATNA; TAUFAN PURWOKUSUMANING DARU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260124

Abstract

Abstract. Pagoray H, Suyatna I, Sukarti K, Kesuma AD, Butarbutar T, Raafi M, Suyatna MBB, Daru TP. 2025. Water quality and plankton diversity to support aquaculture in the middle Mahakam Watershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 233-245. The middle Mahakam watershed is associated with floodplain areas such as Semayang Lake, Melintang Lake, and Siran Lake, comprises some of the longest and widest rivers in East Kalimantan, and plays an important role in fisheries-based economic development. This study aimed to determine water quality in the middle Mahakam and asses its influence on the abundance, diversity, evenness and dominance of plankton in the context of aquaculture. Samples were collected at six sampling points: Pela River (Sangkuliman Village), Pela Lama, middle of Semayang Lake, Mahakam River, Enggelam Estuary, and Melintang Lake. At all sampling points, most parameters met the quality standards of East Kalimantan Provincial Government (2011), except pH, watercolor, COD, and phenol. Phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance was highest in the Mahakam River, with the most phytoplankton belonging to class Bacillariophyceae (49%), and most zooplankton to the Rotifera (63%). The diversity, evenness, and dominance of phytoplankton and zooplankton were relatively low at all sampling points. Various chemical and physical factors influence plankton, so their presence is dependent on and can affect the water quality. There is a need to pay attention to plankton-related aspects that can be used to estimate productivity and aquaculture potential.
Nucleotide sequence diversities of Chitinase and PR1 genes from Theobroma cacao cv. MCC 02 and Sulawesi 1 AAN SETIOWATI; SINTHO WAHYUNING ARDIE; TRI JOKO SANTOSO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260101

Abstract

Abstract. Setiowati A, Ardie SW, Santoso TJ, Sudarsono. 2024. Nucleotide sequence diversities of Chitinase and PR1 genes from Theobroma cacao cv. MCC 02 and Sulawesi 1. Biodiversitas 25: 1-13. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) faces vascular streak dieback (VSD) disease caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae, so disease control strategies are necessary, such as developing disease-resistant cocoa cultivars. Characterization of Chitinase (Chi) and Pathogenesis Related Protein 1 (PR1) could be the starting point for such purposes. This research aimed to characterize Chi-like and PR1-like genes from cocoa cv. MCC 02 (VSD resistant) and Sulawesi 1 (SUL 1, susceptible). The Chi-like and PR1-like amplicons were generated from cocoa cultivars, and sequencing of the amplicons generated 858 bp (Chi-like) and 569 bp (PR1-like). The multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of seven Chi-like fragments from two cocoa clones identifies four non-synonymous and two synonymous SNPs. The MSA of seven PR1-like fragments from two cocoa clones identifies three non-synonymous and two synonymous SNPs in the PR1-like coding and two SNPs in the 3’-non-coding regions. Phylogenetic tree construction among four TcChi-like accessions and 36 accessions from the NCBI Database indicates that all cocoa Chi-like genes are clustered in Clade II, separated from Chi-like of other species that belong to Clade I or Clade III. Phylogenetic tree construction among 24 accessions of PR1-like sequences from various plant species indicates that the cocoa PR1-like gene sequences are more closely related to Herrania umbratica and Theobroma grandiflorum.
A comparison of diversity and catch composition of mini trawl (arad) and lift net (bagan) in Cilincing, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia TRI DEWI KUSUMANINGRUM PRIBADI; ROZA YUSFIANDAYANI; DOMU SIMBOLON; MERCY PATANDA; RACHMAD CAESARIO; ELNOSAN JEMBAR SAYIDINA; SUSANTI RAHAYU VIOLITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260127

Abstract

Abstract. Pribadi TDK, Yusfiandayani R, Simbolon D, Patanda M, Caesario R, Sayidina EJ, Violita SR. 2024. A comparison of diversity and catch composition of mini trawl (arad) and lift net (bagan) in Cilincing, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 265-277. Arad is a traditional fishing gear that is still popular and widely used in Indonesia, including in Cilincing, the bay in the northern part of Jakarta. Even though the Indonesian government has prohibited this fishing gear, the discarded fishing gear is still utilized by many fishers due to its effective result in getting a large volume of fish caught. A study on the diversity and catch composition of arad (trawl) and bagan (lift net) fishing gear was conducted between January and June 2024 in Cilincing waters to represent active and passive fishing gear. Samples of fish caught from both fishing gears were observed directly, while interviews with the fishers were conducted to get further information on their view. The study showed that in comparison to bagan, arad caught more species, including reef fish. Both fishing gear caught fin-fish and non-finfish (mollusk, crustacean, jellyfish) in different proportions. The data showed that arad caught more species (28) compared to bagan (18). Arad caught mostly demersal fish (57.14%), while bagan mostly caught pelagic fish (53.33%). The value of Total Length (TL) of fish caught by both fishing gears was mostly under the Length of First of Maturity (LM). Referring to the list issued by IUCN, most of the species caught by arad and bagan were in the Least Concern status of conservation, and neither CITES nor the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry has issued any information regarding the population status.
Development and validation of novel microsatellite markers of a potentially invasive fern Dicranopteris linearis var. linearis NURSHANARIAH BALKIS KAMARUDIN; MUSABBIHAH ABDUL AZIZ; AHMAD SOFIMAN OTHMAN; RUSLY ROSAZLINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260105

Abstract

Abstract. Kamarudin NB, Aziz MA, Othman AS, Rosazlina R. 2025. Development and validation of novel microsatellite markers of a potentially invasive fern Dicranopteris linearis var. linearis. Biodiversitas 26: 46-54. Dicranopteris linearis is a forked fern native to Peninsular Malaysia. Recently, it has been recognized for its invasive potential in the ecosystem of Peninsular Malaysia due to its abundance, rapid spread, aggressive growth pattern, and competition for resources available to other native plants and crops. Despite its abundance and invasive potential, little is known about the potential domination mechanism and influence of genetic diversity on its establishment. Addressing this knowledge gap requires population genetic analysis, yet the fern has limited genomic information and molecular markers available. Hence, we aimed to develop novel microsatellite markers from D. linearis var. linearis using whole genome sequencing (WGS) data for preliminary population genetic analysis. Our analysis identified 879 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), predominantly trinucleotide repeats (AAC/GTT). Out of 462 primer pairs designed, 20 were randomly selected for validation, leading to eight markers verified as polymorphic across 30 tested individuals from the Batu Ferringhi population. These markers showed a moderate level of genetic variation (Na= 3.5, He= 0.4884) between individuals. Furthermore, these markers achieved successful amplification in six related species with transferability rates between 75% and 100%. The SSR markers developed in this study can be applied for future population-level studies to ascertain factors that may be driving diversity that enables the survival, adaption, and domination of the potentially invasive fern and its related species in the ecosystem of Peninsular Malaysia.
Isolation and potential evaluation of organophosphate-indigenous degrading fungi from Singolangu Farmland, Magetan, Indonesia PUJIATI PUJIATI; HERTANTI HERTANTI; R. BEKTI KISWARDIANTA; FATIMAH FATIMAH; RICO RAMADHAN; NI'MATUZAHROH NI'MATUZAHROH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260118

Abstract

Abstract. Pujiati, Hertanti, Kiswardianta RB, Fatimah, Ramadhan R, Ni’matuzahroh. 2025. Isolation and potential evaluation of organophosphate-indigenous degrading fungi from Singolangu Farmland, Magetan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 157-168. Pesticide use is prevalent in Indonesian agriculture, especially in vegetable farming regions like Singolangu Hamlet, Sarangan Village, Plaosan, Magetan, East Java. While pesticides effectively control pests, their overuse and misuse have caused soil contamination, health disruptions, and decreased agricultural productivity. This study examines the potential of indigenous fungi from Singolangu to remediate soil polluted by organophosphate pesticides, specifically chlorpyrifos and profenofos. Twelve indigenous mold isolates were isolated and ex-situ bioaugmentation was performed with six treatments. The levels of N, P, K, pH, and organophosphate pesticide residues were analyzed. Aspergillus flavus was the most effective in bioremediation, achieving significant results within four weeks and displaying N, P, K, pH values of 101 ppm, 99 ppm, 306 ppm, and 6, respectively. The KPSK Formula (a mixture of all Fungi KPS1 to KPS12 ) which utilized a 12-isolate consortium, also showed significant results, with N, P, K, and pH values of 57 ppm, 59 ppm, 138 ppm, and 6, respectively. The control soil had 150 ppm of chlorpyrifos and 29 ppm of profenofos left over from the pesticides, but the bioremediation treatment KPS3 lowered these levels to 97 ppm of chlorpyrifos and 5.5 ppm of profenofos. This study indicates that indigenous fungi can efficiently degrade profenofos and chlorpyrifos pesticides, either individually or in consortium.
Ethnobotany of medicinal plants by the community in Langgudu Sub-district, Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia HARDIMAN ALBAR; JUHRIAH JUHRIAH; SLAMET SANTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260131

Abstract

Abstract. Albar H, Juhriah, Santosa S. 2025. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants by the community in Langgudu Sub-district, Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 315-325. The use of plants as traditional medicine has been a long-standing practice among the people of Langgudu Sub-district, Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the diversity of medicinal plant species, plant parts used, processing methods, and how to use plants as traditional medicine. This study uses a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. Data collection using a semi-structured questionnaire was distributed to 45 respondents who are traditional healers and community users of medicinal plants. Questionnaire data with respondents were analyzed using quantitative ethnobotany index calculations consisting of Use Value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Based on the results of the study, the community uses 50 species of medicinal plants classified into 44 genera and 29 families as traditional medicine to treat 37 different types of diseases. The largest families come from the Fabaceae, Moraceae, and Zingiberaceae families (8% each). The most widely used part of the plant is the leaves (44%). The most common processing method is boiling (52%), at the same time, the most common way of use is drinking (76%). The highest UV values were found in the plant species Carica papaya, Strychnos nux-vomica, Swietenia mahagoni, Psidium guajava, and Curcuma longa, with values of 1 each. The highest FL value was found in the P. guajava plant with a value of (100%), which is the type of plant with the largest number of user respondents. The highest ICF values were found in the categories of dermatological diseases and reproductive system disorders, with values of 0.96 each. Medical plants play a very important role in providing health services in the study area. This study needs to be carried out scientifically related to its utilization and safety through various biological activity tests and toxicological properties.
Teliospore morphology characterization of Uromycladium falcatariae in falcata plantations at different elevations in Mindanao Island, Philippines MHAR O. LOQUEZ; CAROLINA D. AMPER; ADRIAN M. TULOD; DENNIS M. GILBERO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260129

Abstract

Abstract. Loquez MO, Amper CD, Tulod AM, Gilbero DM. 2025. Teliospore morphology characterization of Uromycladium falcatariae in falcata plantations at different elevations in Mindanao Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 26: 296-305. The fungus Uromycladium falcatariae causes gall rust disease in falcata (Falcataria falcata), with severe infections commonly observed at higher elevations (>400 masl). It produces teliospores that disperse through the air, contributing to its widespread prevalence. This study aimed to characterize the fungal teliospores across different elevations in Mindanao using Light Microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Mature galls with visible brown or rusty powder from falcata were collected from low (<400 masl), moderate (>400-800 masl), and high (>801 masl) elevations. Microphotographs of the teliospores were generated, examined, and compared for morpho-features and quantitative measurements across these elevations. This research provides the first SEM-based morphological characterization of U. falcatariae. The LM results revealed significant increases in teliospore length (P<0.05) and width (P<0.05) with elevation, with the largest dimensions observed at high elevations. SEM analysis demonstrated significant variation in the diameter of the germ pore (P<0.01) and the dorsal concave structure (P<0.05) across elevations, with the largest measurements recorded at high elevations. Detailed morphological features and quantitative measurements of teliospores were revealed from apical, dorsal, and equatorial orientations in SEM. Furthermore, this study provided morphological characteristics of teliospores across elevations, which can aid in the taxonomy and morphological classification of this rust fungus.
Morphological and ultrastructure alteration of larva Culex pipiens exposed from cassava juice extract MARIA NINDATU; HERY JOTLELY; YOFIAN ANAKTOTOTY; MILDA RIANTY LAKOAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260130

Abstract

Abstract. Nindatu M, Jotlely H, Anaktototy Y, Lakoan MR. 2025. Morphological and ultrastructure alteration of larva Culex pipiens exposed from cassava juice extract. Biodiversitas 26: 306-314. Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758 is a mosquito commonly often found in residential areas, particularly in puddles of water and storage tanks. This mosquito serves as a vector for lymphatic filariasis in humans, also known as elephantiasis. To eliminate the transmission of elephantiasis, control strategies one are implemented targeting the growth of C. pipiens larval population. Cassava tubers have the potential as a biolarvicide to control the population and growth of C. pipiens mosquito larvae. This research was aimed to determine the phytochemical content and biolarvicide effectiveness of juice extract cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), which may cause damage to the head capsule, thorax, and abdomen of C. pipiens larvae. Phytochemical test on the cassava tubers juice extract (M. esculenta) revealed relatively high levels of flavonoids, ranging from 3 to 3.5 mg. The results of identification using a keyence 3D microscope show the fourth instar larvae of C. pipiens in the control group. The body color is pale, and the head and tail are brownish. Squeezed biolarvicide cassava tubers (M. esculenta) doses of 0.5, 1.5, and 3.5% caused larval mortality above 90% at the 6th hour for 24 hours. Further characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicated that a dosage of 3.5% applied for 24 hours caused significant damage to the head capsule, with the exoskeleton connecting the head and thorax nearly detaching. Higher concentration of cassava juice extract resulted in increased body damage to C. pipiens larvae. It can be concluded that the flavonoid compounds in cassava juice extract in this study can effectively damage the bodies of fourth instar C. pipiens larvae, as evidenced by the SEM results.
Comparative study on karyotypes of three Mastacembelus species (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) from Thailand WATCHARIN SEREE; WEERAYUTH SUPIWONG; GETLEKLA NUNTAPORN; SUKHONTHIP DITCHAROEN; NATTHASUDA DONBUNDIT; KRIENGKRAI SEETAPAN; SAMPAN TONGNUNUI; SITTHISAK JUNTHARAT; ALONGKLOD TANOMTONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260125

Abstract

Abstract. Seree W, Supiwong W, Nuntaporn G, Ditcharoen S, Donbundit N, Seetapan K, Tongnunui S, Juntharat S, Tanomtong A. 2025. Comparative study on karyotypes of three Mastacembelus species (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas 26: 246-254. Karyotype study or chromosomal study is necessary for some cases of fish taxonomy. The chromosomes of three Mastacembelus species named Zig-zag eel or Mastacembelus armatus, Fire eel or Mastacembelus erythrotaenia, and Tire track eel or Mastacembelus favus using conventional Giemsa staining and Ag-Nucleolar Organizer Region (NOR) banding techniques were investigated. The results indicated that conserved diploid number (2n) of 48 and the fundamental number or chromosome arm number (NF) as 62 for all analyzed species of male and female specimens were revealed, although varying in their karyotype structures were observed. Karyotypes of three species are as follows: 12m+2sm+2a+32t, 10m+6sm+32t, and 8m+6sm+34t in M. armatus, M. erythrotaenia, and M. favus, respectively. In each species, positive Ag-NOR markers were differentially observed adjacent to telomeric and/or sub-telomeric regions (telomeric NORs) of metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes. In M. armatus, NOR locations are at the long arm of the first metacentric chromosome pair, while in M. favus and M. erythrotaenia, NOR locations are at the short arm of the first submetacentric chromosome and the first metacentric chromosome pairs, respectively. The findings show that Mastacembelus species, despite having a conserved diploid number, differ remarkably in the patterns of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) in their karyotypes. These species-specific patterns can be useful in further characterizing and identifying different species and investigating the evolutionary mechanisms driving the evolution of these fish karyotypes.
Comprehensive assessment of Terebralia palustris populations in the Sayeung Calang River ecosystem, Aceh Jaya, Indonesia MUHAMMAD FAUZAN ISMA; SLAMET B. PRAYITNO; HAERUDDIN HAERUDDIN; MAX R. MUSKANANFOLA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260107

Abstract

Abstract. Isma MF, Prayitno SB, Haeruddin, Muskananfola MR. 2025. Comprehensive assessment of Terebralia palustris populations in the Sayeung Calang River ecosystem. Biodiversitas 26: 62-72. Terebralia palustris (Linnaeus, 1767) a mangrove-dwelling gastropod, has a vast Indo-Pacific distribution spanning over 10,000 kilometers across diverse ecoregions. This study aimed to analyze population ecology and health conditions of T. palustris. Samples were collected from three sections of the Sayeung Calang River, Indonesia, using a 50 m line transect with 10 × 10 m plots and 1 × 1 m subplots. Density showed no significant variation (p > 0.05) with even distribution (<1). SL and SW morphometrics differed significantly (p < 0.05). Other morphometrics (SP, BWL, AW, AL, BW) showed no significant variation. The highest morphometric variation coefficient exceeded 40% (AW/SL). ST1 - ST2 and ST3 differentiation was primarily driven by SW/SL (34.31%), while ST1-ST4 and ST2 and ST3-ST4 differentiation was primarily driven by BW/SL (38.52 and 39.17%, respectively). PCA analysis identified SW/SL and SP/SL as the main morphometric characters (r = 0.44). Discriminant analysis indicated that AW/SL, AL/SL, SP/SL, and BWL/SL were most differentiated between sections. T. palustris exhibited an unimodal age distribution, suggesting disrupted health and severe competition, resulting in low adaptation (diversity coefficient: 20.44-38.04%). In conclusion, T. palustris in the area demonstrates distinct morphometric adaptations and distribution patterns, likely influenced by environmental conditions. Limited growth and adaptation capacity may result from intraspecific competition and habitat variability.

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