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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 50 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 26 no. 3 (2025)" : 50 Documents clear
Isolation and potential test of indigenous bacteria from Singolangu, Magetan, Indonesia for bioremediation of organophosphate compounds PUJIATI PUJIATI; YULIA WULAN PRASETYANTI; MUH. WASKITO ARDHI; FATIMAH FATIMAH; RICO RAMADHAN; NI'MATUZAHROH NI'MATUZAHROH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260301

Abstract

Abstract. Pujiati, Prasetyani YW, Ardhi MW, Fatimah, Ramadhan R, Ni’matuzahroh N. 2025. Isolation and potential test of indigenous bacteria from Singolangu, Magetan, Indonesia for bioremediation of organophosphate compounds. Biodiversitas 26: 1029-1038. The objective of this study was to isolate indigenous bacteria from soil contaminated with pesticide residues and assess their potential for bioremediation of organophosphate compounds, specifically from the profenofos and chlorpyrifos groups. The methodology employed was bacterial isolation, characterization, and ex-situ bioaugmentation testing with a design that included six treatments. The parameters observed included pH, N, P, K, profenofos, and chlorpyrifos pesticide residues. By the fourth week, the bioremediation results demonstrated the exceptional effectiveness of bacteria from the Pseudomonas genus, particularly isolate B3, which outperformed other isolates in terms of N, P, and K pH values, which were 90 ppm, 94 ppm, 175 ppm, and 6, respectively. The lowest N, P, K was isolate B1, with consecutive values of 47, 63, 129, and a pH value of 6. The control soil on pesticide residue levels in the chlorpyrifos test was 150 ppm, and profenofos was 29 ppm. In the results of soil testing with Pseudomonas bacteria (isolate B3), chlorpyrifos levels were reduced by 41 ppm to 109 ppm, and profenofos levels were reduced by 21.8 ppm to 7.2 ppm. Isolate B1 was able to reduce profenofos levels by 18 ppm to 132 ppm and decrease profenofos by 9.2 ppm to 18.8 ppm. The test results showed that the type of indigenous bacteria and the length of incubation time have an impact on soil quality and pesticide residue levels.
Mapping coral reefs growth using drone imagery in Gili Labak Island, Sumenep District, East Java, Indonesia FIRMAN FARID MUHSONI; ADNIN TAMHIDA SHOBRINA SALSABIL; SAFA SAFA; MUHAMMAD ZAINURI; ABU BAKAR SAMBA; ELYS FAUZYAH; DEDI IRAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260317

Abstract

Abstract. Muhsoni FF, Salsabil ATS, Safa, Zainuri M, Samba AB, Fauzyah E, Irawan D. 2025. Mapping coral reefs growth using drone imagery in Gili Labak Island, Sumenep District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1180-1188. The benthic habitat serves as the dwelling place for diverse aquatic organisms, primarily characterized by coral reefs. Meanwhile, Gili Labak Island, Sumenep District, East Java, Indonesia has a well-preserved marine ecosystem, including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and other marine organisms. A drone is one of the platforms that can be used to map benthic habitats, which has the advantages of relatively low cost, the ability to monitor temporal changes over a short period, and the capacity to use multispectral sensors. In this research, drone imagery or Unmanned Aerial vehicles from 2021 and 2022 were used. The classification method used was the supervised maximum likelihood, and accuracy testing was conducted using a confusion matrix. In addition, coral reef cover data was directly collected using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method in September 2023. The classification results using the supervised maximum likelihood method with drone imagery were able to identify changes in coral reefs from 2021 to 2022. The accuracy test results showed an overall accuracy ranging from 74.20% to 86.47% (2021 data) and 79.94% to 90.87% (2022 data). The kappa coefficient values obtained were 71.80% to 82.72% (2021 data) and 70.33% to 89.25% for 2022 data. Drone imagery has proven to be useful in observing coral growth through changes in coverage. In this study, changes in live coral coverage (Acropora, Goniastrea, Mycedium, Pocillopora, Porites, and Stylophora) between 2021 and 2022 were observed. At Station 1, the coral coverage increased from 176.77 m² (30.95%) to 323.18 m² (57.43%). At Station 2, it decreased from 740.25 m² (75.21%) to 462.61 m² (47.68%). At Station 3, it decreased from 422.11 m² (94.91%) to 377.44 m² (86.26%). The percentage of coral reef cover using the average Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method was 61.66%. This study demonstrates that the application of high-resolution drone imagery, along with mapping and monitoring methods, can be used to detect changes in coral reef conditions, providing valuable information for management and conservation strategies.
Diversity and utilization of plants in kelekak agroforestry in Air Mesu Village, Central Bangka District, Indonesia AGUS HIKMAT; ERVIZAL A. M. ZUHUD; PRIMADHIKA AL MANAR; RADIL WILYAN; IKRAM KURNIA MUNGGARAN; SYAMSUL HIDAYAT; ROBIKA ROBIKA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260309

Abstract

Abstract. Hikmat A, Zuhud EAM, Al-Manar P, Wilyan R, Munggaran IK, Hidayat S, Robika. 2025. Diversity and utilization of plants in kelekak agroforestry in Air Mesu Village, Central Bangka District, Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1105-1113. Kelekak is a traditional agroforestry system practiced in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia which holds important ecological, economic and socio-cultural roles. Despite its importance, the existence of kelekak in these islands is increasingly pressured by land use changes due to the conversion to oil palm plantation and tin mines. This research aims to identify plant species found in kelekak agroforestry in Air Mesu Village, Central Bangka District and their utilization based on ethnobotanical information. The research was conducted using the interview method to 30 selected respondents. This study documented 87 plant species from 45 families found in kelekak with various types of use including for food, medicine, building materials, and firewood. The majority of plants are utilized to produce food, highlighting the importance of kelekak in sustaining local food security. Five plant species are identified to have a high Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), namely durian (Durio zibethinus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), coconut (Cocos nucifera), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and cempedak (Artocarpus integer). The existence of kelekak is very important in supporting various needs of local community in Air Mesu Village.
Drought resistance testing of several local rice genotypes based on morphological and molecular markers LAILA NAZIRAH; JAMILAH JAMILAH; HALIM AKBAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260319

Abstract

Abstract. Nazirah L, Jamilah, Akbar H. 2025. Drought resistance testing of several local rice genotypes based on morphological and molecular markers. Biodiversitas 26: 1202-1210. Drought is a major challenge in rice cultivation, leading to reduced productivity. Therefore, it is essential to develop drought-resistant rice varieties. This study aimed to assess rice genotypes' morphological and molecular characteristics to identify potential parental lines with drought-resistant traits. The experiment was conducted across two seasons under optimal and minimal watering, arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Seven genotypes were evaluated (i) Unsyiah Cakep (UC77); (ii) Unsyiah Seumeulu (US20); (iii) Cot Bada (CBD08, CBD04); (iv) Sigunca (SG02); (v) Sigupai (UA12); and (vi) Rajasa. Molecular analysis utilized SSR markers RM38, RM6130, and RM5423. The results revealed a significant genotype-by-environment interaction (p<0.01) for yield traits. Optimal watering enhanced productivity compared to minimal watering in both seasons. Productivity correlated positively with the number of productive tillers, panicle length, and filled grains in both environments. Under optimal watering, it was also correlated with 1000-grain weight, whereas under minimal watering, it correlated with total grain number. Heritability values ranged from moderate to high. MGIDI-based selection identified UC77, SG02, and UA12 as promising genotypes. GGE biplot analysis indicated UC77 was best suited for the rainy season, while SG02, UA12, and CBD08 performed well under minimal watering in the dry season. Based on molecular analysis, RM38 and RM6130 were highly informative for distinguishing between the tested genotypes. A dendrogram presented genotypes UA12 and UC77which exhibited the lowest genetic similarity, showing potential for breeding high-yielding and drought-tolerant rice varieties.
Mapping and characterization of dominant hydrolase enzymes in the digestive tract of Striped marlin (Kajikia audax Philippi, 1887) ENDANG ISMAIL; ASEP AWALUDIN PRIHANTO; SUKOSO SUKOSO; HARTATI KARTIKANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260314

Abstract

Abstract. Ismail E, Prihanto AA, Sukoso, Kartikaningsih H. 2025. Mapping and characterization of dominant hydrolase enzymes in the digestive tract of Striped marlin (Kajikia audax Philippi, 1887). Biodiversitas 26: 1156-1163. The digestive tract of Striped marlin (Kajikia audax Philippi, 1887): a fishery byproduct, contains several hydrolase subclass enzymes, such as protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase, and xylanase, which have practical applications in medicine, agriculture, and various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, detergents, leather, and cosmetics. This study aimed to identify and characterize the enzymes in the digestive tract of Striped marlin. Enzymes from the hydrolase sub-class in different parts of the digestive tract, such as the stomach, pylorus, pancreas, and intestine, were analyzed separately using qualitative and quantitative methods. Each enzyme was further evaluated to determine its optimal pH and temperature. The results revealed that protease activity was the most dominant among the other enzymes. A clear zone with a diameter of >85 mm was observed on a casein substrate in the stomach and pylorus. The highest protease activity was recorded in the part of the stomach (1,044.71 U/mL): followed by the pylorus (937.21 U/mL): pancreas (492.06) U/mL, and intestine (362.21 U/mL). The optimal pH for enzyme activity was 4 in the stomach, 6 in the pylorus, 7 in the pancreas, and 10 in the intestine. The optimal enzyme activity temperature across all digestive tracts was 40?. This study provides the first comprehensive mapping of hydrolase subclass enzymes in the digestive system of Striped marlin.
Native, endemic, and threatened flora species in a swamp forest in Tagum City, Philippines: Implications for species and habitat conservation AARON FROILAN M. RAGANAS; LIEF ERIKSON D. GAMALO; JOSELITO B. CHAVEZ JR; ALEYLA E. DE CADIZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260318

Abstract

Abstract. Raganas AFM, Gamalo LED, Chavez Jr JB, De Cadiz AE. 2025. Native, endemic, and threatened flora species in a swamp forest in Tagum City, Philippines: Implications for species and habitat conservation. Biodiversitas 26: 1189-1201. Endemic and threatened plants are among the most susceptible species, and are considered the most effective surrogates for identifying and evaluating conservation priority areas. This study aimed to provide critical information regarding native, endemic, and threatened flora species within the swampy beach forest ecosystem of Hijo, Tagum City, Davao Del Norte, Philippines. A plant survey was conducted using plots along a series of 100 m transect lines within the forest, where all plants were identified, and their distribution and conservation status were assessed. The study focused on native and endemic species, with vegetation analyses examining their influence on forest community structure. The survey identified 117 native and 28 endemic species across 55 families and 116 genera from 239 vascular plant species recorded. Among these, nine species were classified as threatened. Saribus rotundifolius had the highest importance value reflecting its dominance and strong ecological influence within the forest. Threats such as saltwater intrusion and flooding during wet season can potentially endanger regenerating plants. A conservation strategy framework has been developed using ex situ and in situ methods to effectively protect the ecosystem. Furthermore, this study addresses gaps in the insufficient data on beach flora species across the country.
DNA barcoding and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography as golden standards of authentication in Blumea balsamifera and Ehretia microphylla products ALYSSA MARIE A. LOLA; SAM DOMINIC A. BINAG; NIÑA KATHRYN G. ALFECHE; GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260325

Abstract

Abstract. Lola AMA, Binag SDA, Alfeche NKG, Alejandro GJD. 2025. DNA barcoding and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography as golden standards of authentication in Blumea balsamifera and Ehretia microphylla products. Biodiversitas 26: 1258-1270. In the Philippines, the Department of Health (DOH) has included Blumea balsamifera (sambong) and Ehretia microphylla (tsaang-gubat) among the top ten medicinal plants in the country. Sambong is known for treating urinary stones, while tsaang-gubat is used for helping increase the motility of intestines. Despite their known healing effects, there remains a lack of strict implementation for the approval of these products to be commercially available. This study aimed to employ DNA barcoding and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) by creating a Standard Reference Material (SRM) for both methods. Eight blindly selected sambong herbal medicinal products (HMPs), and six blindly selected tsaang-gubat HMPs are authenticated using the stated methods. DNA barcoding reveals that samples BB4 and EMP1 are cases of substitution for the products containing Oryza glaberrima and Cymbopogon citratus, respectively. HPLC analysis also reveals that all sambong derived HMPs contain quercetin, except for samples BB2, BB4, and BMP3, whereas for the tsaang-gubat herbal products, only sample EMP1 does not contain rosmarinic acid as its active compound. Dissidence in the results indicates that both protocols should be used in coordination as standard authentication tools to promote accuracy of the results and to provide safety to all the consumers. Furthermore, DNA barcoding authenticates the actual plant material used while HPLC checks the presence of active compounds.
Exploring dynamics in larval fish diversity, assemblages, and abundance across four mangrove areas in Peninsular Malaysia IZZATI ADILAH AZMIR; YUZINE ESA; M. AQMAL-NASER; INA SALWANY MD YASIN; S. M. NURUL AMIN; FARIDA ZURAINA MOHD YUSOF; AMIRRUDIN AHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260322

Abstract

Abstract. Azmir IA, Esa Y, Aqmal-Naser M, Yasin ISM, Amin SMN, Yusof FZM, Ahmad A. 2025. Exploring dynamics in larval fish diversity, assemblages, and abundance across four mangrove areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 26: 1229-1237. Understanding larval fish populations is crucial for assessing the impact of habitat disturbances and ensuring consistent stock recruitment. However, challenges include extensive sampling requirements, time-consuming identification, and limited identification keys. This study aims to explore larval fish diversity, assemblages, and abundance in four mangrove areas across Peninsular Malaysia: Matang (Perak), Pekan (Pahang), Setiu (Terengganu), and Pendas (Johor). Sampling was conducted during the highest tide and full moon phases using a Bongo net (500 ?m mesh size, 60 cm diameter) towed at 0.5 m depth, with a flow-meter to calculate the water volume filtered. Larval fish were identified to the nearest genus or species. Pendas exhibited the highest species diversity, richness, and evenness, whereas Setiu recorded the lowest. Species compositions varied across sites, with Gobiidae dominating in Pekan, Matang, and Pendas; Clupeidae in Pendas; and Engraulidae across all sites except Setiu. Community similarity was assessed, showing 20% similarity between Matang, Pekan, and Pendas, and 30% similarity between Matang and Pekan. All sites were dissimilar at a 40% similarity threshold. Pendas also hosted the highest number of unique species (n: 13), followed by Pekan (n: 6), Matang (n: 5), and Setiu (n: 3). Species overlap was noted, with Pendas sharing nine species with Pekan, five with Matang, and one with Setiu. These findings offer valuable insights for conservation efforts, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding larval fish populations and their habitats to support ecosystem health and fish recruitment. This study provides crucial data for decision-makers to implement targeted conservation strategies to preserve larval fish diversity and mitigate the effects of habitat disturbance.
Detection of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) L1014F knockdown-resistance (Kdr) mutation of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes from Surabaya, Indonesia INTAN FATMA LISTIANDARI; TEGUH HARI SUCIPTO; SYANANDA ZAHRA FADILA; AHMAD RUDI SETIAWAN; SHIFA FAUZIYAH; SAFIRA MADANIYAH; ERYANTIKA CIPTA DEWI; ANAQI SYADDAD IHSAN; NUNIEK HERDYASTUTI; RUDIANA AGUSTINI; RATIH DEWI SAPUTRI; HARIYONO HARIYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260335

Abstract

Abstract. Listiandari IF, Sucipto TH, Fadila SZ, Setiawan AR, Fauziyah S, Madaniyah S, Dewi EC, Ihsan AS, Herdyastuti N, Agustini R, Saputri RD, Hariyono. 2025. Detection of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) L1014F knockdown-resistance (Kdr) mutation of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes from Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiveritas 26: 1354-1359. Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are a genus of mosquito that can transmit dangerous viruses to humans through their bites, causing diseases in humans such as lymphatic filariasis, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile fever, encephalitis, and St. Louis encephalitis. Therefore, vector control is needed to suppress the spread of these diseases. An easy and inexpensive method to control the vector is using insecticide. Long-term use of insecticide causes the mosquitoes to gain resistance to it. The phenomenon of mosquitoes becoming resistant to insecticides is referred to as knockdown resistance (Kdr). Kdr occurs due to a mutation in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC), which is the target site of the insecticide. This mutation leads to the reduced sensitivity of the sodium channel to pyrethroid insecticides. The primary objective of this study was to detect the presence of the Vgsc-L1014F Kdr mutation in C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Samples were obtained from six different locations in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This was determined using a technique known as allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR). DNA was extracted from 23 samples of Culex spp. mosquitoes samples, and the VGSC-L1014F mutation was detected using the AS-PCR technique. The results of this study indicated 13 positive cases for the TTT/TTA mutation and 10 negative cases.
Analysis of the factors contributing to the degradation of coral reefs and marine biota at Pasir Putih Beach, Prigi Bay, Trenggalek District, East Java, Indonesia RAHMANTA SETIAHADI; MARHENY LUKITASARI; NURUL KUSUMA DEWI; SUMANI SUMANI; CATUR RETNANINGDYAH; MUKHTASOR MUKHTASOR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260339

Abstract

Abstract. Setiahadi R, Lukitasari M, Dewi NK, Sumani, Retnaningdyah C, Mukhtasor. 2025. Analysis of the factors contributing to the degradation of coral reefs and marine biota at Pasir Putih Beach, Prigi Bay, Trenggalek District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1384-1394. The deterioration of coral reefs and marine ecosystems poses a significant challenge that needs to be addressed to maintain sustainable marine ecotourism management. Both natural processes and human activities contribute to the decline of coral reef ecosystems. This study seeks to examine the factors causing damage to coral reefs and marine life along the Karanggongso Coast, East Java Province, Indonesia. The research utilized a survey method combined with a descriptive analytical approach. Coral reef surveys were conducted using the Line Intersept Transect (LIT) technique, while sedimentation and land cover changes were assessed using grab samplers, Google Earth maps, and Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI) maps. Beach physical condition observations provided material for descriptive analysis, and coral reef and sedimentation data were used to create indicative maps. The overlay of indicative maps and descriptive analysis results were employed in the spatial analysis of factors destroying coastal ecosystems. The study findings revealed the Physical Condition of the Waters, with indicators including temperature (28.7oC), salinity (35%), dissolved oxygen (13.2 Ppm), pH (7.73), and brightness (4.5m). While these conditions remain favorable, extensive sedimentation has reduced the Percentage of Coral Reef Cover to below 24.9%. Analysis of sedimentation from land use change indicates that significant areas of forest and shrubland have been converted to agricultural land, settlements, tourist facilities, and several shrimp ponds, leading to erosion and sedimentation. The size of the sediment grains in the water reflects the predominant sand content at each station, with values ranging from 99.19% to 99.63%.

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