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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 18 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "vol. 9 no. 3 (2008)" : 18 Documents clear
Amylolitic microbes of nira and laru from Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara ELIDAR NAIOLA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090302

Abstract

Thirty nine isolates of microorganisms were isolated from the nira (palm sap from inflorescence stalk of Corypha utan Lamk. or Borassus flabellifer L., laru (fermented palm sap) and their ability to produce amylase has been done. The result of screening showed that eight isolates were positive in the starch iodine test, but their amylolitic activities relatively lower. The amylolitic activities show that laru is not potential source of microbial amylases. In liquid media containing 2% soluble starch, three isolates of fungi (LG4, LMS1, and MI-1) produceamylase and reached a maximum activity at 3 days fermentation, with levels 56.31x102 , 46.78x102 and 41.49x102 U/mL (one unit activity is define as micromoles of glucose produce per mL per minute). Two yeast isolates which isolated from laru or kayu laru were showed their ability to ferment the gula aer and produce ethanol, CO2 and some organic acids, it were identified as Pichia anomala. The other bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus licheniformis BL43, Chromobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Micrococcus roseus (Staphylococcus roseus), and Bacillus coagulans, its show the lower amylase activities.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta.Key words: palm sap (nira), fermented palm sap (laru), amylase, fermentation, East Nusa Tenggara
The activity of galanga (Alpinia galanga) rhizome extract against the growth of filamentous fungi Aspergillus spp. that produce aflatoxin and Fusarium moniliforme NOOR SOESANTI HANDAJANI; TJAHJADI PURWOKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090301

Abstract

Galanga (Alpinia galanga L.) rhizome was known to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. The antifungal substances of galangal rhizome were found from their volatile oil. The objectives of this experiment were to study the ethanol extract of galangal rhizome against the growth of filamentous fungi Fusarium moniliforme, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus niger that produce mycotoxin, especially aflatoxin, based on biomass and colony area and to determinate minimum growth inhibitory concentration the extract of galangal rhizome. The extract of galangal rhizome was significant (p<0.05) effective against biomass of F. moniliforme and A. flavus. The extract of galangal rhizome however was significant (p<0.05) effective against colony area of F. moniliforme, A. flavus and A. niger. The minimum growthinhibitory concentration of extracts galangal rhizome against the growth of A. flavus, F. moniliforme and A. niger were 816, 1,682, and 3,366 mg/L repectively.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Aspergillus spp., Fusarium moniliforme, galangal rhizome extract, minimum growth inhibitory concentration
Root yield and reserpine content of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. on media under the plant with potential allelopathic effect by nutrient addition SULANDJARI SULANDJARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090306

Abstract

The root of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth (pule pandak) contains more than 50 kinds of alkaloid which is useful to treat many kinds of diseases and reserpine is ones to treat of hypertension. Eucalyptus deglupta and Acacia mangium have become release an allelochemy to ecosystem that are can reduce the growth of the plant association. The purpose of this research is to know about the influence of nutrient and media under the plant with potential allelopathic effect to root yield and reserpine content. The research was arranged in CompleteRandom Block Design. Nutrient was nested on media. Media are: under Tectona grandis, A. mangium, and E. deglupta. Nutrient is 30 t ha-1 organic fertilizers, 200 ha-1 inorganic (NPK) fertilizers and control. Polybag with 30 cmx30 cm plant densities and 20% of shading. The result are that beside under the T. grandis, pule pandak was capable to growth under the A. mangium and E. deglupta. Thirty ton per hectare organic fertilizers was increased of growth and yield more than 200 ha-1 inorganic (NPK) fertilizers. Allelocemy from A. mangium and E. deglupta was decreased dry root yield but was not effect to reserpine content.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: nutrient, Rauvolfia serpentina, reserpine, root yield.
Shoot regeneration from leaf petioles of iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) MARIA IMELDA; AIDA WULANSARI; YUYU SURYASARI POERBA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090304

Abstract

Iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) of the Araceae is a source of carbohydrate with a high content of glucomannan which is very useful in preventing several diseases like diabetes, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, etc. In industry, the tuber is used as a raw material for paper pulp, textile, gum, celluloid, food and cosmetics. Generally, iles-iles is propagated by splitting tubers, bulbils or leaf cuttings, but this method can not yield high quality planting materials and sometimes may carry along many diseases. In this investigation, an in vitro method for shoot regeneration of iles-iles from petiole explants was developed. Sterilization of the explants was carried out in 0.05% HgCl2 for 20 min. after dipping in 70% ethanol and Tween 20 solution. Leaf petioles about 1 cm in length were cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium with a pH of 5.8 containing 30 g sucrose and 2.5 g Gelrite agar. The formation of adventives shoots was induced on MS medium containing 1, 2, and 4 mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) either with or without the addition of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA). Each treatment was done on 10 explants. All cultures were incubated at 26°C on a 16-h photoperiod with an illumination of 30 μmol m-2 sec-1 provided by 40-W cool white inflorescent lights. The highest rate of shoot multiplication averaging 19 shoots per explants was achieved within 3 months on MS medium containing 2 mg/L BAP. However, the best shoot elongation was found on MS medium containing 2 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L NAA.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta..Key words: Amorphophalus muelleri Blume, leaf petiole culture, benzyl amino purine (BAP), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA).
The Reserpine Production and Callus Growth of Indian Snake Root (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. Ex Kurz) Culture by Addition of Cu2+ NUNUNG NURCAHYANI; SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN; ENDANG ANGGARWULAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090305

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study the effects of Cu2+ addition on the reserpine production and callus growth from in vitro culture indian snake root (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. Ex Kurz). This research frame work was based on the potency of snake root which was many exploited as anti-hypertension. The addition of elicitor Cu2+ in the form of CuCl2 would influence the ion transport of cell and changed of cytoplasm pH, and also has effects on synthesis and activity of enzymes which role in reserpine production and callus growth. The research was conducted in two steps, using Completely Randomized Design. The first step was the callus initiation to promote callus growth. Second step was the treatment to induce reserpine production. The callus was divided into five groups: 0; 5; 10; 20; 40; and 80 μM. Morphology, wet weight, dry weight, growth rate, and reserpine content of callus were determined after 15 treatment day. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued by DMRT 5%. The result showed that reserpine production increased in addition of 5 μM and 10 μM Cu2+ in callus culture of R. serpentina and reduced in addition of Cu2+ more than 10 μM. The callus growth significantly decreased by increasing concentration of Cu2+.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Rauvolfia serpentina, reserpine, elicitor, Cu2+, callus growth
Difference planted season and creeper-pole on both growth and yield of the two cultivars of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.) SUPRIYONO SUPRIYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090307

Abstract

The aims of this research were to know the effect of different cultivars, planted seasons and creeper poles at velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.) growth, yield and their interactions. This research was conducted on litosol soil in Tancep, Ngawen, Gunungkidul on 170 m up sea level and 9-10° elevation. The depth of soil tillage was 5-17 cm. Design utilization was Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with factorial 3 factors. The treatment was (i) cultivars: rase and putih Gunungkidul (ii) planted seasons: dry and rainy seasons and (iii) creeperpoles: control, corn 0 weeks old, corn 2 weeks old, corn 4 weeks old and bambu. There is replicated 3 times. The result of this research was the 1st velvet bean growth on rainy season was rapidly but they have long time planted. The 2nd, by splited rase cultivars, rainy season and creeper-pole utilization was yield increased. The 3rd, on the rainy season, the high yield was come by rase cultivar and creeper-poleutilization. The 4th, with the 2 times velvet bean density and without calculated corn yield, rase cultivar planted on rainy season and bamboo creeper-pole coused the highest velvet bean yield but no significant different with 4 weeks corn creeper-pole.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta.Key words: cultivars, planted seasons, creeper-pole, velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.).
Inventory and habitat study of Dendrobium capra J.J.Smith in Madiun and Bojonegoro NINA DWI YULIA; NUR SHOLECHA RUSEANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090308

Abstract

Dendrobium capra J.J. Smith or “anggrek larat hijau” is the orchid of low land area which includes endangered orchid species, so it needs to conserve ex situ. The success of ex situ plant conservation influence environmental factor. That’s why habitat study of D. capra needs to be done to know about how the orchid can grow well. The observation was done in Perhutani’s teak forest between Madiun and Bojonegoro, East Java which be done in three RPH is RPH Klangon (Pajaran village, Madiun), RPH Sukun (Sambongrejo village, Bojonegoro) and RPH Gondang (Bethet village, Bojonegoro). The aims of this research are for doing study habitat and knowing the number of population on wild. The result show that D. capra can found in teak and bungur trees at 5th zone because it needs to get a direct sunshine. Some environment factors are temperature of 30-33ºC, humidity of 40-60% and no roots moss covered. The result of inventory showed that the numbers of D. capra on areas are 45 individual in RPH Klangon, 145 individual RPH Sukun and 58 individual RPH Gondang.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta.Key words: Dendrobium capra J.J.Smith, habitat, Madiun, Bojonegoro.
Exploration of Central Kalimantan’s forest plants as bioactive compound resources MAE SRI HARTATI WAHYUNINGSIH; SUBAGUS WAHYUONO; DJOKO SANTOSA; JUSAIN SETIADI; SOEKOTJO SOEKOTJO; SITI . MUSLIMAH WIDIASTUTI; RITA RAKHMAWATI; DINAR SARI CAHYANINGRUM WAHYUNI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090303

Abstract

The width of the forest area of Indonesia is about 75% of the entire land which has not been optimally utilized as a raw medicinal resource. The forest area is rich in plants of various medicinal benefits which have not been found out and developed. The aim of the study was to explore Central Kalimantan’s forest plants as bioactive compound resources. Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method the exploration was conducted on 70 kinds of plants which had been traditionally used in that area. The dry powder was macerated inchloroform and then in methanol in order to obtain 140 chloroform and methanol extracts, each 70 extracts respectively. The activities of those extract were tested on 500 dan 1000 μg/mL of their concentration. The result was analized using probit regresion in order to obtain LC50 value. The result of the study indicated that from those 140 extracts, were obtained 70 active extracts (100% dead larva Artemiasalina) in their concentration of 500 μg/mL. Concentration decreasing up to 100 μg/mL produced 10 active extracts (100% dead larva A. salina) which potential developed as bioactive compound resources.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Central Kalimantan, plant exploration, bioactive compound, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test.
Morphological and isozymic banding pattern study of white grubs (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) as pest of bark crop in mounth Merapi’s slope. SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090311

Abstract

White grub (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) is a group of soil pest at any agrosystem., especially at Salak pondoh (Salacca zalacca (Gaert.)Voss.) crop. The characteristics of this specimen were very crucial to be studied in order to find the exact biocontrol. The aim of this research was to know the characteristics of white grubs (Melolonthidae: Coleoptera) based on morphological and isozyme banding patterns. This research was conducted on August - November 2007 at Sleman and Magelang districts for the morphological purposes, while for the isozyme data were conducted at Sub Laboratory Biology, Central Laboratory of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. Sample was taken by using stratified random sampling method, on five stations. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) using the vertical type was taken to isozyme analysis. The enzyme used in this research were peroxidase and esterase to detect the isozyme banding patterns. The results showed that there was no morphological variation of white grubs (Melolonthidae: Coleoptera) at salak pondoh agroecosystem in Mounth Merapi’s slope. Based on this character, there was one species of white grub found, i.e. Holotrichia javana. There was a genetic variation based on the variation of isozyme banding patterns.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta.Key words: white grubs, isozyme, Merapi mount, bark.
Distribution and covering percentage of sponge (Porifera) in different coral reef condition and depth in Barranglompo Island, South Sulawesi SUHARYANTO SUHARYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090312

Abstract

In 1996, four specieses of sponge namely Auletta sp., Callyspongia pseudoreticulata, Callyspongia sp., and Halichondria sp. have been potentially identified as bacteriside for fishery commodities. Nevertheless, information on sponge distribution, its covering percentage, and its habitate are still very little. Observation on distribution and abundance of sponge was conducted in the Southeastern and theNorthwestern part of Barranglompo Island, South Sulawesi, using scuba diving set and under water writting tools. At first, coral reef condition in 3 and 10 m depths up to 100 m length of shore line were observed in both stations, using “lifeform method”. Then distribution and covering percentage of sponge, biotic and abiotic factor in 3, 6, 9, and 12 m depths in both stations were examined using “square transect method”. The result showed that different coral reef condition qualitatively causes different of sponge species distribution, but quantitatively not significantly different (P>0,05) on its covering percentage. It was also found that generally sponge grows better at thedead coral where no other biotic organism around.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey word: distribution, covering percetage, sponge, habitat, Barranglompo Island

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