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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 4 no. 1 (2012)" : 8 Documents clear
The effect of zearalenone mycotoxins at late gestation days on the development and reproductive organs YULIA IRNIDAYANTI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040101

Abstract

Abstract. Irnidayanti Y. 2012. The effect of zearalenone mycotoxins administration at late gestation days on the development and reproductive organs of mice. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 1-5. Zearalenone was injected subcutaneously with a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight to pregnant mice on the 13 to 16 days. Control was given only sesame oil. Control and treated mice were killed on day 18 of gestation by cervical dislocation. Observations of maternal body weight, reproductive performance, external and internal malformation were conducted. Histological analysis of fetal ovaries, uterus, and testes was also done. The results revealed that administration of zearalenone to mice at late gestation was not teratogenic. Zearalenone caused a tendency that the primordial follicles and follicular cells relatively decreased in number and the number of the degenerate primordial follicle relatively increased. Effects of zearalenone on the uterus caused a significant increase in the height of lumen epithelial cells and in the thickness of the uterine wall were significant. The lamina propria and myometrium started to differentiate. In the male fetus, zearalenone caused a tendency to decrease in number of the Leydig cells.
Toxicity response of Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) to some agricultural pesticides ALIAKBAR HEDAYATI; REZA TARKHANI; AHMAD SHADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040102

Abstract

Abstract. Hedayati A, Tarkhani R, Shadi A. 2012. Mortality response of Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) to some agricultural pesticides. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 6-10. This research was performed to determine and compare acute toxicity of diazinon and deltamethrin as potential dangerous organic pesticides to assess mortality effects of these chemicals to the freshwater guppy Poecilia reticulata. LC50 of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h was attained by probit analysis by Finney’s and using the maximum-likelihood procedure (SPSS). The 24-96 h LC50 for the diazinon were 40.9±0.98, 33.2±0.84, 23.2±0.74 and 16.8±0.57 ppm respectively. The 24-96 h LC50 for the deltamethrin were 0.297±0.13, 0.236±0.16, 0.204±0.47 and 0.195±0.06 ppm respectively. In the present study, LC50 values indicated that deltamethrin was more toxic than diazinon to this species. LC50 values obtained in the present study were different from the corresponding values that have been published in the literature for other species of fish.
Physiological effect of some antioxidant polyphenols on sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis) plants ABDALLA EL-MOURSI; IMAN TALAAT; LAILA KAMAL BALBAA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040103

Abstract

Abstract. El-Moursi A, Talaat IM, Balbaa LK. 2012. Physiological effect of some antioxidant polyphenols on sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis) plants. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 11-15. Two pot experiments were conducted in the screen of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt to study the physiological effect of foliar application of some antioxidant polyphenols on growth and chemical constituents of sweet marjoram plants (Majorana hortensis L.). Plants were treated with curcuminoids, cinnamic acid and salicylic acid, each at 5 and 10 mg/L except the control plants. The results indicate that foliar application of curcuminoids increased growth parameters under study. Total sugars were also increased as a result of foliar application of curcuminoids. On the other hand, oil %, oil yield, and nitrogen % were decreased as a result of curcuminoids treatments. Cinnamic acid at 5 mg/L resulted in the tallest plants in most cases. Application of cinnamic acid at 10 mg/L significantly increased oil % and total oil yield/plant. Sugar content followed the same trend. Treatment of sweet marjoram plants with salicylic acid significantly increased oil % and oil yield, especially in plants treated with 10 mg/L SA. Total sugars % and total nitrogen % followed the same trend. The main constituents of the plant essential oil were also markedly affected.
Community structure of parasitoids Hymenoptera associated with Brassicaceae and non-crop vegetation YAHERWANDI YAHERWANDI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040105

Abstract

Abstract. Yaherwandi. 2012. Community structure of parasitoids Hymenoptera associated with Brassicaceae and non-crop vegetation. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 22-26. Parasitoids Hymenoptera has an important role in agroecosystem because of their ability in suppressing pest population. Their presence in the field is seen as the key to agricultural ecosystem. Their presence can be influenced by the availability of non-crop vegetation. Some adult parasitoids Hymenoptera require food in the form of pollen and nectar of wildflowers to ensure effective reproduction and longevity. The objective of this research was to study communities of parasitoid Hymenoptera in Brassicaceae field and non-crop vegetation around Brassicaceae fields. Samplings were conducted at two different landscape structures, i.e. Kayu Tanduak and Padang Laweh representing complex landscapes, whereas Alahan Panjang and Sungai Nanam representing simple landscapes. Insects were sampled by three trapping techniques (farm crop, sweep net, and yellow pan traps) in one line of transect for each landscape. A total of 84 species from 17 families of parasitoids Hymenoptera were collected in Brassicaceae field and in non-crop vegetation. Landscape structure, flowering vegetation, and pesticide application affected the species richness, diversity and evenness of parasitoids Hymenoptera in Brassicaceae fields and non-crop vegetation.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of integrated management and mating disruption in controlling gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) populations GOODARZ HAJIZADEH; MOHAMMAD REZA KAVOSI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040106

Abstract

Abstract. Hajizadeh G, Kavosi MR. 2012. Evaluation of the effectiveness of integrated management and mating disruption in controlling gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) populations. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 27-31. This study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 in Daland National Park (north of Iran) to compare the effectiveness of mechanical control used in combination with mating disruption (integrated management) and only mating disruption in controlling gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Male moths and egg mass counts were taken before (2008) and after (2009) the two treatments were applied. In sites with integrated management and with mating disruption only, 1,828 and 1,793 egg masses/tree, and 412.75 and 207.75 male moths/trap were observed, respectively. Both the numbers of egg masses/tree and of male moths/trap were significantly lower in sites with integrated management than in sites with only mating disruption. This study shows that integrated management was more effective than mating disruption in reducing infestation levels in the study site.
The total protein band profile of the green leafhoppers (Nephotettix virescens) and the leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) infected by tungro virus ANI SULISTYARSI; SURANTO SURANTO; SUPRIYADI SUPRIYADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040107

Abstract

Abstract. Sulistyarsi A, Suranto, Supriyadi. 2012. The total protein band pattern of the green leafhoppers (Nephotettix virescens) and the leaves of rice (Oryza sativa) infected by tungro virus. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 32-35. Tungro virus is one of most important diseases of rice plants caused by double infection with RTBV and RTSV which is transmitted by Nephotettix virescens Distant. The interaction between host and virus-vector are still quitted difficult to understand. The aims of this study were: (i) to know the character of the total protein band pattern of rice plants infected with tungro virus compared to the health one, (ii) to look at the different between the band profiles of total protein of N. virescens that consume the host rice plants infected by tungro virus and that of the healthy rice plants. Total protein band profiles of rice plants were identified using SDS-PAGE. To extract the leaves, buffer mercapto-ethanol was used, while the sample extraction of green leafhoppers employed buffer PBS IX, and for staining the protein coomassie brilliant blue was used. Data were analyzed descriptively based on the score of the migration of the band (Rf). The results showed that the protein contains every 0.5 g of healthy leaves and the infected by the virus were 0.567 g and 1.011 g respectively. Clear difference of the protein pattern was found in the healthy plant and the infected one. In general, the entire band in the infected plant was much thicker compared to the infected leaves. Protein bands with a higher quantity were expressed by the protein on the molecular weight of 108 and 117 kDa. These proteins are presumably from the group of ?-galactosidase and bovine serum albumin. The function of such proteins is still unknown, but it may be related to the plant’s responses to virus infection, because the protein did not appear in the healthy plants. The total protein content of both N. virescens which acquired the healthy leaves and the infected one were 0.1395 g and 0.1546 g respectively. Qualitatively, there was no significant difference in the protein expression in those vectors, but slightly thicker band were observed in the infected leaves.
Review: Soil solarization and its effects on medicinal and aromatic plants KHALID ALI KHALID
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040108

Abstract

Abstract. Khalid KA. 2012. Review: Soil solarization and its effects on medicinal and aromatic plants. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 36-44. Soil solarization or solar heating is a non-chemical disinfestation practice. Solarization effectively controls a wide range of soilborne pathogens, insects, and weeds. Soil solarization is based on the exploitation of solar energy for heating wet soil mulched with transparent plastic sheets to 40-55ºC in the upper soil layer. Thermal killing is the major factor involved in the pest control process, but chemical and biological mechanisms are also involved. The efficacy of the thermal killing is determined by the values of the maximum soil temperature and amount of heat accumulated (duration x temperature). The use of organic amendments (manure, crop residues) together with soil solarization (biofumigation) elevates the soil temperature by 1-3ºC, and improves pest control due to a generation and accumulation of toxic volatiles. Although cheaper than most chemicals used as soil fumigants, not all crops are worth the plastic prices, particularly in developing countries. Not all soilborne pests and weeds are sufficiently controlled. Cheaper and more environmentally accepted mulching technologies are needed before expanding the range of the controlled pests by solarization. Medicinal and aromatic plant production was affected by soil solarization.
Characterization of Carica pubescens in Dieng Plateau, Central Java based on morphological characters, antioxidant capacity, and protein banding pattern AINUN NIKMATI LAILY; SURANTO SURANTO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040104

Abstract

Abstract. Laily AN, Suranto, Sugiyarto. 2012. Characterization of Carica pubescens in Dieng Plateau, Central Java based on morphological characters, antioxidant capacity, and protein banding pattern. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 16-21. Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch is a species of fruit plant firstly cultivated in South America and has adapted to the highland environment, such as Dieng Plateau, Central Java (±2000 m asl). It has a narrow habitat range and limited or unknown intraspecies variation. Therefore, important information about the characters of the plants at various altitudes is needed, so that it is possible to extend its distribution through transplantation to other areas. Characterization can be performed based on morphological characters, chemical content, and protein banding patterns. This study aimed to describe the morphological characters, the chemical content (antioxidant capacity), and the pattern of protein bands by staining, using Coomassie brilliant blue on C. pubescens in the Dieng Plateau. The research was conducted in the villages of Kejajar (1400 m asl), Patak Banteng (1900 m asl.), and Sembungan (2400 m asl.). The observations of morphological characters were conducted in the field and continued in the laboratory. Morphological characters, the chemical content (antioxidant capacity), and the banding pattern of protein of C. pubescens were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the morphological characters of C. pubescens in Dieng Plateau varied in stems, leaves, and fruits. The antioxidant capacity decreased with decreasing habitat altitude, 2400 m asl. altitude> 1900 m altitude> 1400 m asl.. The Protein banding patterns did not vary, but the pattern in C. Papaya was different. The uniformity of the pattern of protein bands showed that genetic stability in C. pubescens was not affected by environmental factors.

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