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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 4 no. 2 (2012)" : 7 Documents clear
Phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles by using aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata NEILESH SABLE; SWAPNIL GAIKWAD; SHITAL BONDE; ANIKET GADE; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040201

Abstract

Abstract. Sable N, Gaikwad S, Bonde S, Gade A, Rai M. 2012. Phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles by using aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 45-49. In the context of current drive to developed new green technology in nanomaterials, synthesis of nanoparticles is of considerable importance. There has been considerable work done in the field of nanoscience and Nanotechnology during the last decade due to the introduction of various protocols for the synthesis of nanoparticles by using plants and microorganisms. Here we firstly report the extracellular photosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using aquatic plants Hydrilla verticillata. The characterization of the phytosynthesized Ag-NPs was done with the help of UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), Zeta potential and SEM. The SEM micrograph revealed the synthesis of polydispersed spherical nanoparticles, with an average size of 65.55 nm. The phytofabricated Ag-NPs can be used in the field of medicine and agriculture, due to their antimicrobial potential.
Antibacterial activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil alone and in combination with other essential oils KATERYNA KON; MAHENDRA RAI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040202

Abstract

Abstract. Kon K, Rai M. 2012. Antibacterial activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil alone and in combination with other essential oils. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 50-56. Essential oils (EOs) from plants represent an alternative approach in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. One of the EOs with proven antibacterial properties is Thymus vulgaris EO. The purpose of the present work was to investigate in vitro antibacterial activity of T. vulgaris EO alone and in combination with other EOs. The activity of T. vulgaris EO was screened in combination with 34 EOs against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by disk diffusion method; then the most effective combinations were evaluated by broth microdilution method. Against S. aureus the synergistic effect was found in combination of T. vulgaris and Cinnamomum zeylanicum EOs with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of 0.26; Juniperus communis and Picea abies EOs showed additive effect (FIC indexes were 0.74 and 0.78, respectively). Combination of T. vulgaris EO with Aniba rosaeodora and Melissa officinalis EOs demonstrated synergistic effect against E. coli (FIC indexes were 0.23 and 0.34, respectively); combination of T. vulgaris and Mentha piperita EOs was additive (FIC index 0.55). Therefore, combining T. vulgaris EO with other EOs has potential in further enhancing its antibacterial properties.
Patterns of fertility in the two Red Sea Corals Stylophora pistillata and Acropora humilis MOHAMMED S.A. AMMAR; AHMED H. OBUID-ALLAH; MONTASER A.M. AL-HAMMADY
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040204

Abstract

Abstract. Ammar MSA Obuid-Allah AH, Al-Hammady MAM. 2012. Patterns of fertility in the two Red Sea Corals Stylophora pistillata and Acropora humilis. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 62-75. Patterns of fertilities (total testes and total eggs) for the hermatypic coral Acropora humilis were lower than those in Stylophora pistillata at the four studied sites. Site 3 (El-Hamraween harbor), the site impacted with phosphate, recorded the highest annual mean of testes number and egg number in the two studied species Acropora humilis and S. pistillata. However, site 1, the site impacted with oil pollution and fishing activities, recorded the lowest annual mean of testes number, total testes, egg number and total egg for the two studied species. Thus, phosphorus enrichment seems to be considerably less destructive than oil pollution, and thus may represent an ‘eco-friendly’. Testes were observed fully of sperms during winter season in the sectioned polyps of A. humilis, while eggs were detected during autumn and winter. However, the lack of eggs in S. pistillata occurred only during spring season at all the studied sites. In the studied coral species, the ova were developed first before spermeria. The breeding season of coral reefs differs in both different localities and different species extending from December to July in the northern Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba and Southern Red Sea (the present study). While in A. humilis, the breeding season extends from February to June in the Great Barrier Reef, in the Gulf of Aqaba and in Hurghada (the present study). Tough control, public awareness and continuous shore patrolling to the activities of oil pollution and fishing activities at the vicinity of site 1 (Ras El-Behar) are urgent. Although existing corals may continue to grow and survive in an area with elevated nutrients levels, it is essential to maintain water quality on coral reefs within ecologically appropriate limits to ensure successful reproduction of coral and provide recruits for the long- term maintenance and renewal of coral populations.
Adult mangrove stand does not reflect the dispersal potential of mangrove propagules: Case study of small islets in Lampung, Sumatra AGUNG SEDAYU; NOVITA FARAH ISYADINYATI; DIANA VIVANTI SIGIT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040203

Abstract

Abstract. Sedayu A, Isyadinyati NF, Sigit DV. 2011. Adult mangrove stand does not reflect the dispersal potential of mangrove propagules: Case study of small islets in Lampung, Sumatra. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 57-61. Most mangrove species are dispersed by water current with distance being a major constraint. We tried to demonstrate that distance is indeed the dispersal limiting factor in mangrove, and perhaps other marine plant species. Secondly, we also tried to clarify whether landmass is a real blockade for mangrove dispersal. Lastly, we argued that in order to study plant dispersal potential, one should not study the later stage of plant population, as normally plant ecologist would do, rather at their early life stage. Cluster analyses were used to test those hypotheses and confirmed our research hypotheses.
Effects of foliar application herbicides to control semi-parasitic plant Arceuthobium oxycedri MOHAMMAD REZA KAVOSI; FERIDON FARIDI; GOODARZ HAJIZADEH
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040205

Abstract

Abstract. Kavosi MR, Faridi F, Hajizadeh G. 2012. Effects of foliar application herbicides to control semi-parasitic plant Arceuthobium oxycedri. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 76-80. Epiphytes are plants growing on the stem and branches of other growing plants. Dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium oxycedri) is one of the important macro epiphytes or semi-parasitic plant, is able to damage Junipers and provide favorable conditions for bother damaging factors such as pest, disease, rodent animals and vulnerability to unfavorable climate conditions. In this study used herbicides in three concentrations (1.35, 1.93, 2.7 g of Roundup, 0.675, 0.964, 1.35 g of Basagran, and 0.9, 1.28, 1.8 g of Gramoxone in1000 mL water) and three replications to examine the impact of each herbicide on A. oxycedri at Junipers forests in areas located at the East Gorgan state region, North of Iran. The results from Basagran on 95.55% dwarf mistletoe indicated that the plant was dried completely up. Roundup dried 61.67% of dwarf mistletoe. Gramoxone causes the lowest percent of dryness (23.89%). By analyzing results about the impact of herbicides on percentage of measuring dryness, there is difference in level significant 1% between herbicides. The impact of each herbicide on A. oxycedri showed that concentration-3 has more impact on increasing dwarf mistletoe dryness but with concentration-2 it has less difference. Ultimately concentration-2 Basagran can be used to reduce costs in order to control dwarf mistletoe.
Synthesis, characterizationand physiological activityof some novelisoxazoles VINAYSINGH J. HUSHARE; PRITHVIRAJSINGH R. RAJPUT; MANOJKUMAR O. MALPANI; NITING G. GHODILE
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040206

Abstract

Abstract. Hushare VJ, Rajput PR, Malpani MO, Ghodile NG. 2012. Synthesis, characterization and physiological activity of some novel isoxazoles. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 81-85. A series of chlorosubstituted 4-aroylisoxazoles have been synthesized by refluxing chlorosubstituted-3-aroylflavones and 3-alkoylchromone with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in dioxane medium containing 0.5 mL piperidine. Chlorosubstituted-3-aroylflavones and chlorosubstituted-3-alkoylchromone were prepared by refluxing them separately with iodine crystal in ethanol. Initially, chlorosubstituted-3-aroylflavanones and 3-alkoylchromanone were prepared by the interaction of different aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with 1-(2’-hydroxy-3’,5’-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-propanedione. Constitutions of synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, UV-Visible, I.R., and 1H-NMR spectral data. The titled compounds were evaluated for their growth promoting activity on some flowering plants viz. Papaver rhoeas, Calendula officinalis, Gladiola tristis, Gaillardia aristata,  Dianthus chinensis, and Iberis sp. (candytuft). The results indicate that applicated plants had higher shoots and number of leaves.
Review: Mycoendophytes in medicinal plants: Diversity and bioactivities MAHENDRA RAI; ANIKET GADE; DNYANESHWAR RATHOD; MUDASIR DAR; AJIT VARMA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n040207

Abstract

Abstract. Rai M, Gade A, Rathod D, Dar M, Varma A. 2012. Review: Mycoendophytes in medicinal plants: Diversity and bioactivities. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 86-96. Endophytes are microorganisms that reside in internal tissues of living plants without causing any negative effect. These offer tremendous potential for the exploitation of novel and eco-friendly secondary metabolites used in medicine, the pharmaceutical industry and agriculture. The present review is focused on diversity of endophytes, current national and international bioactive secondary metabolite scenario and future prospects. Endophytic fungi as novel source of potentially useful medicinal compounds are discussed along with the need to search for new and more effective agents from endophytes to combat disease problems

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