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INDONESIA
Inersia : Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0216762X     EISSN : 2528388X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
INERSIA is stand for INformasi dan Ekspose hasil Riset Teknik SIpil dan Arsitektur. This scientific journal is managed by the Department of Civil Engineering and Planning Education, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University, in cooperation with the Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia (PII). It publishes and disseminates research results from lecturers and post graduate students from various universities in Indonesia, which has contributed to the development of science and technology, especially in the field of Civil Engineering and Architecture. INERSIA is published twice a year, in May and December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 331 Documents
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Sediment Transport Modeling at the Bogowonto River Bend Using HEC RAS 6.6 Purwantoro, Didik; Yekti, Mawiti Infantri; Ratnaningsih, Rossita Yuli; Rofi’ah, Nanda Nur; Mayra, Farah
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v21i2.91818

Abstract

River bend erosion is a major concern for river engineers because it affects channel stability and navigation safety. Erosion along the outer bank and deposition along the inner bank are the primary processes responsible for the meandering pattern of rivers. This study investigates the effect of discharge variations on scour depth in a meandering reach of the Bogowonto River using numerical modeling with HEC-RAS 6.6. Simulations were carried out for six discharge scenarios corresponding to return periods of 2,5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 years (Q2, Q5, Q10, Q20, Q50, and Q100). The historical rainfall data collected from 2002 to 2021. Limantara Unit Hydrograph used for rainfall-runoff modelling. The HEC-RAS simulation results of the 2-year return period (Q2) reveal that sedimentation occurs at five points along the Bogowonto River bend in Purworejo District. In particular the greatest accumulation occurred at the apex of the bend (STA 17), where the bed sediment thickness reached 4.175 m at the Q100 discharge. The simulation results show a uniform sedimentation pattern across the entire bend cross-section, likely due to model limitations that prevent detailed representation of cross-flow patterns.
Operational Modal Analysis of a Box Girder Bridge using Fast Fourier Transform and Stochastic Subspace Identification Akbar, Muhammad; Aminullah, Akhmad; Awaludin, Ali
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v21i2.83380

Abstract

The A.P. Pettarani Flyover Bridge in Makassar serves as a critical infrastructure supporting community mobility and regional economic activities. With the increasing volume of traffic and the resulting structural loads, the implementation of a Structural Health Monitoring System (SHMS) becomes essential to ensure both the safety and maintenance efficiency of the bridge. This study aims to explore the application of Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) through the use of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) methods to analyze the bridge's structural health by extracting natural frequencies and damping ratios from dynamic response data. Dynamic response data were obtained through permanently installed accelerometers, enabling continuous monitoring of the bridge’s vibrational behavior due to traffic loads and environmental influences. The FFT analysis effectively identified the dominant frequency at 3.92 Hz, consistent with the results from SSI analyses both SSI Data and SSI Covariance methods which also yielded a natural frequency of 3.92 Hz. Additionally, other frequencies were observed in the range of 9.80 Hz to 9.81 Hz, with corresponding damping ratios varying between 1% and 3%. The consistency in natural frequency results from both methods highlights the reliability of OMA in capturing the modal characteristics crucial for structural health assessment. Harnessing modern sensor technology and advanced spectral and subspace identification techniques, this monitoring system facilitates early detection of potential damage before it evolves into more significant issues. The practical implications of this research include enhancing maintenance strategies toward more targeted and sustainable bridge management. Furthermore, the success of this study provides a valuable reference model for the continual development of SHMS for other bridges throughout Indonesia, ultimately promoting road user safety and the longevity of national infrastructure.
Analysis of the Influence of Policy, Commitment and Financial Factors on Value Engineering – Based Investment Cost in Green Data Center Projects Febriyani, Ekarismah; Suroso, Agus Suroso
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v21i2.85389

Abstract

The Global Warming phenomenon caused by the greenhouse gas effect that raises the need for sustainable energy management, especially in the Data Center Industry which is known to contribute 2% of emissions, because 35% of energy use is for cooling. This study aims to analyze the influence of government policy factors, agency commitments, and finances on investment costs based on Value Engineering in the Green Data Center project, find the dominant factor among the factors assessed, calculate Value engineering on the investment costs of the Green Data Center to calculate the life cycle Cost Analysis. The research method uses a combination of quantitative & Qualitative methods with data collection techniques through Primary Data and Secondary Data, Secondary data is obtained based on project information such as Bill of Quantity, Technical Specifications and project reports. Primary data is obtained through questionnaires to stakeholders of the Data Center project, as well as multiple linear regression analysis to test the relationship between variables. The results of the study indicate that the factors assessed have a significant effect on the investment costs of environmentally friendly projects. The application of a renewable energy system through the Value Engineering stages has proven effective in optimizing investment costs through identifying the use of an energy-efficient Liquid cooling cooling system for medium-scale Data Centers which results in savings of around 15.34% and increases Energy Use Efficiency (PUE). While Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) shows long-term operational savings and a return on investment that is considered fast > than 3 years, the Green Data Center project is feasible to implement. The most dominant factor is the financial support aspect, followed by government policy and agency commitment. This study reinforces the importance of implementing environmentally friendly concepts to support energy efficiency in supporting climate change control and providing long-term economic benefits. 
The Application of Alkali Activator and Admixture for High Early Concrete Compressive Strength with GGBFS Substitution Juesmin, Elvina; Satyarno, Iman; Siswosukarto, Suprapto; Nawangsasi, Ratna Dwiyani; Taufiq, Muhammad Hasan
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v21i2.87887

Abstract

Concrete with high early compressive strength is designed to reach at least 20 MPa within the first 24 hours after casting. However, achieving this generally requires increased cement content, which unfortunately leads to higher carbon emissions and production costs. To reduce this impact, cement can be partially substituted with pozzolans such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), which has a chemical composition similar to cement. Nevertheless, GGBFS exhibits a slow hydration process; therefore, an alkali activator is required to accelerate the reaction. On the other hand, alkali activation can reduce concrete workability, making the addition of admixtures such as superplasticizers necessary to maintain adequate workability. This study investigates the effect of adding alkali activators and admixtures on concrete's early compressive strength and workability of concrete incorporating GGBFS as a cement substitute. Ordinary Portland cement and GGBFS were used at a ratio of 70:30. The alkali activator consisted of NaOH and Na₂SiO₃, with a Na₂SiO₃/NaOH ratio (R) of 1.5 and a total alkali-to-GGBFS ratio (A) of 0.45. The superplasticizer was Sika® ViscoCrete®-1050 HE at at dosages of 0.5% and 1%. The alkali activator contents tested were 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The paste-to-fine aggregate void ratio (Rm) and the mortar-to-coarse aggregate void ratio (Rb) were both set at 1.4. Workability was evaluated using the slump test, while compressive strength was measured at 24 hours. The results showed that the addition of an alkali activator led to a substantial improvement in the compressive strength of the concrete, reaching up to 114.8% of the minimum required early compressive strength. The compressive strength peaked at 43 MPa when 10% alkali activator was added to the mixture. However, increasing the alkali activator content significantly reduced workability, with the slump value reaching zero at the 10% dosage. The addition of a superplasticizer was proven to be necessary to maintain a balance between early strength and concrete workability.
Addition of Alkali Activator and Substitution of GGBFS in Hydraulic Cement for High Early Flexural Strength and High Slump Concrete Keron, Maria Apolonia Palan; Satyarno, Iman; Siswosukarto, Suprapto; Nawangsasi, Ratna Dwiyani; Taufiq, Muhammad Hasan
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.87888

Abstract

To lower CO2 emissions, the construction sector is increasingly adopting sustainable practices, such as cutting back on clinker usage in cement manufacturing. Hydraulic cement is an environmentally friendly cement material because it uses a smaller amount of clinker. The amount of industrial waste, including materials like Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), keeps rising each year. Because of this, it is frequently used as an alternative to cement. However, concrete with GGBFS substitution generally experiences a delay in early strength development due to its low reactivity to water. To overcome this, adding an alkali activator in NaOH and Na2SiO3 is necessary. In this study, the dosage of alkali activator was varied at 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% by weight of GGBFS with R and A values set at 1.5 and 0.45. In addition, using GGBFS can also reduce the workability of concrete, so it is necessary to use a superplasticizer in the form of Sika® Viscocrete®-1050 to improve concrete flow properties. The dosage of superplasticizer used was 0.75% by weight with a target slump of 20 cm for ease of working. The amount of GGBFS used was 30% by weight. To evaluate the materials performance, test were carried out to measure the concrete workability, compressive strength of paste and concrete flexural strength after 3 days of curing. The results show that increasing the dosage of alkali activator can increase the paste compressive strength by more than 24 MPa according to the requirements of using hydraulic cement and concrete flexural strength by more than 3 MPa in 3 days. Concrete with a 7.5% alkali activator dosage can achieve a concrete flexural strength of 4.81 MPa at 3 days and has a slump value of 20 cm. This research can be a solution to reduce CO2 emissions and is useful for construction projects that require high flexural strength values at early ages and high slump.
Analysis of Spatial Interpolation Method for Rainfall Mapping of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mitigation Design in Denpasar, Bali Tri Hayatining Pamungkas; Gede Sumarda; I Gusti Made Sudika; I Gusti Ngurah Eka Partama; I Ketut Kembarajaya; Kadek Budhi Warsana
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.90147

Abstract

Climate change and rapid urbanization are increasing the intensity and uncertainty of rainfall in urban areas, including Denpasar City. The transition from the dry season to the rainy season is often followed by extreme rainfall that triggers floods, disrupts community activities, damages infrastructure, and significantly hinders economic activities. This condition is exacerbated by massive land conversion and the accumulation of waste that clogs drainage systems, leading to a drastic decrease in surface water holding capacity. Therefore, hydrometeorological disaster mitigation has become an urgent need, which must be supported by accurate and reliable spatial rainfall information to identify vulnerable areas and design more effective flood control strategies. This study evaluates and compares the spatial interpolation methods of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Kriging, and Spline in mapping the distribution of design rainfall in Denpasar City. Data were obtained from six stations over the period 2013–2022 and analyzed based on various return periods, namely 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50 year. To comprehensively assess the performance of interpolation methods, statistical indicators such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Coefficient of Determination (R²) were used. The results show that IDW is most accurate for short return periods, particularly 2 year, with low MAE, MAPE, and RMSE and high R². Kriging excels for medium to long return periods (5–50 years), producing stable predictions that closely match the observed data, while Spline tends to have higher errors and low R², especially for long return periods. This result confirms that IDW and Kriging are the most reliable and accurate methods for mapping the distribution of design rainfall in Denpasar City. 
Study on the Potential of Environmentally Friendly Fire Bricks Based on Local Waste Materials Using Ceramic Powder, Glass Powder, and Rubber Ash Resmaindra, Muhammad Thariq; Putri, Cintri Anjani Rahmada; Arissaputra, Sofian
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.90789

Abstract

Fire bricks are construction materials commonly used as liners in structures exposed to high temperatures, such as furnaces and boilers. Conventional fire brick production requires high energy consumption and generates significant carbon emissions. This study aims to develop eco-friendly fire bricks by utilizing industrial waste materials such as rubber ash, glass powder, and ceramic waste, combined with kaolin, alumina, and bentonite as binding and strengthening agents. The research was conducted experimentally in the laboratory with five composition variations (S1–S5). Each sample was molded, cured for seven days, and then fired gradually up to 1250°C. Tests were performed to evaluate density, compressive strength, and thermal resistance. The results showed that the composition of alternative materials significantly affected the physical and mechanical properties of the fire bricks. The highest density was obtained in variation S2 at 2604.48 kg/m³, with a maximum compressive strength of 15.26 MPa. Increasing the proportion of substitution materials led to a decrease in density and compressive strength due to higher porosity formation. All variations met the minimum refractory temperature resistance standards, with compositions containing refractory cement and ceramic waste demonstrating the best thermal stability. This study indicates that incorporating industrial waste materials as partial substitutes in fire brick production can reduce environmental impact while producing materials that are technically and economically efficient. Keywords: fire brick, alternative materials, industrial waste, compressive strength, thermal resistance
Influence of Constitutive Models on Cyclic Pore Pressure and Liquefaction Assessment in Srandakan, Bantul, Indonesia Amalina, Anisa Nur; Makrup, Lalu; Saputra, Elvis
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.95996

Abstract

Liquefaction potential in earthquake-hazard areas is correlated with earthquake-induced cyclic loading. This condition leads to an important selection in the constitutive soil model in numerical site response analysis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different constitutive soil models on cycling pore pressure by using a numerical model. The case was taken in Srandakan, Bantul, Indonesia, which consists of sand and clay soil. A representative ground motion was derived from a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, with PGA ≈ 0.31, in a one-dimensional dynamic analysis using PLAXIS 2D. Three constitutive models, Mohr–Coulomb (MC), Hardening Soil with small-strain stiffness (HSsmall), and PM4Sand, were compared in terms of excess pore pressure development and pore pressure ratio (Ru) evolution. The results showed that MC neglected a pore-pressure accumulation, while HSsmall captured only a limited nonlinear response. Meanwhile, PM4Sand predicted more significant cyclic pore pressure changes in sandy layers due to its state-dependent plasticity formulation. Nevertheless, Ru values remained well within acceptable limits at all depths, indicating that the applied seismic excitation did not trigger liquefaction. The findings demonstrated that model selection substantially affected pore pressure response in seismic liquefaction analysis.
Effects of Square Body Openings in Castellated Steel Beams on Stiffness and Natural Frequencies Nugroho, Guntur; Aughitri, Fayza
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.87871

Abstract

Castella beams are one of the steel structural innovations that have the advantage of reducing weight without sacrificing bending stiffness, so they are widely used in long-span structures. This study aims to analyze how square-shaped openings affect the natural frequency of castellated beams, considering different numbers of openings and various support conditions. The research was conducted numerically using Abaqus CAE software and theoretically using Stokey's theory. Five models were tested with the number of openings between 9 and 19 and three different support conditions: fixed-fixed, fixed-pinned, and pinned-pinned. Results show that increasing the number of openings significantly decreases the mass and stiffness of the beam, which impacts the natural frequency values of the structure. The analysis results using Stokey's theory yield natural frequency values that tend to be higher than the numerical analysis because it does not consider the local weakening effect due to the openings. The difference between the results of the two approaches reaches 7-904 Hz, depending on the configuration and vibration mode analyzed. The difference is more striking at higher vibration modes because the concentration of local deformation is more dominant. Modifying Stokey's formula by adding an inertial correction coefficient proved to predict the downward trend of the natural frequency more accurately. The results show that the natural frequency values at low vibration modes are in high agreement. Therefore, it is recommended to use this approach, especially in low-vibration mode analysis.
Priority Analysis of Community Preparedness for Megathrust Earthquakes Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP): A Case Study of Warungboto Village, Yogyakarta Bawono, Adi Setiabudi; Nur Huda, Muhamad
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v22i1.95716

Abstract

The Special Region of Yogyakarta is highly vulnerable to megathrust earthquakes due to its proximity to an active subduction zone, posing significant risks to communities. While structural mitigation is important, community preparedness is critical to disaster risk reduction. This study aims to identify and prioritise factors influencing preparedness using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), with a case study in Warungboto Village. Data were collected from 30 respondents using pairwise-comparison questionnaires. Four main criteria were evaluated: Public Education and Awareness, Infrastructure Resilience, Emergency Response Management, and Social and Psychological Factors. The results show that Public Education and Awareness is the most influential factor (35.81%), followed by Infrastructure Resilience (24.10%), Emergency Response Management (20.20%), and Social and Psychological Factors (20.00%). Key sub-criteria include disaster drills, education programs, and awareness levels. All Consistency Ratio (CR) values are below 0.1, indicating reliable results. These findings highlight the importance of education-based strategies in enhancing community preparedness.

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