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INDONESIA
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 24070475     EISSN : 23388439     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian dengan No. ISSN 2338-8439, pada awalnya bernama Buletin Keteknikan Pertanian, merupakan publikasi resmi Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian Indonesia (PERTETA) bekerjasama dengan Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem (TMB) IPB yang terbit pertama kali pada tahun 1984, berkiprah dalam pengembangan ilmu keteknikan untuk pertanian tropika dan lingkungan hayati. Jurnal ini diterbitkan dua kali setahun. Penulis makalah tidak dibatasi pada anggota PERTETA tetapi terbuka bagi masyarakat umum. Lingkup makalah, antara lain: teknik sumberdaya lahan dan air, alat dan mesin budidaya, lingkungan dan bangunan, energi alternatif dan elektrifikasi, ergonomika dan elektronika, teknik pengolahan pangan dan hasil pertanian, manajemen dan sistem informasi. Makalah dikelompokkan dalam invited paper yang menyajikan isu aktual nasional dan internasional, review perkembangan penelitian, atau penerpan ilmu dan teknologi, technical paper hasil penelitian, penerapan, atau diseminasi, serta research methodology berkaitan pengembangan modul, metode, prosedur, program aplikasi, dan lain sebagainya.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 623 Documents
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Komposisi Fisikokimia Tepung Ubi Kayu dan Mocaf dari Tiga Genotipe Ubi Kayu Hasil Pemuliaan Nafilawati wa ode; Emmy Darmawati; Sutrisno Suro Mardjan; Nurul Khumaida
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.08.3.97-104

Abstract

Faktor penting yang mempengaruhi karakteristik fisikokimia tepung adalah bahan baku tepung, genotipe/varietas serta proses pengolahan dalam pembuatan tepung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi komposisi fisikokimia tepung ubi kayu dan mocaf dari tiga genotipe ubi kayu yaitu GX, G053 dan G390 yang merupakan hasil pemuliaan tim Croop Improvement IPB. Evaluasi komposisi fisikokimia dilakukan dengan menganalisis kadar air, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, abu, kadar HCN, rendemen dan derajat putih. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa setiap genotipe ubi kayu memiliki komposisi fisikokimia yang berbeda-beda dipengaruhi oleh jenis genotipe dan proses pengolahannya. Komposisi fisikokimia tepung ubi kayu dari genotipe G053 memiliki keunggulan rendemen (26.10%±0.01), karbohidrat (89.11%±0.015), protein (2.63%±0.014), derajat putih tertinggi (96.89%±0.02) serta kadar air terendah (6.73%±0.004). Tepung dari genotipe G390 memiliki keunggulan kadar abu (0.74%±0.015) dan lemak (0.59%±0.005) terendah. Tepung GX memiliki keunggulan HCN terendah (0.40 ppm±0.198). Komposisi fisikokimia mocaf dari genotipe G053 memiliki keunggulan yaitu karbohidrat, derajat putih tertinggi (98.44%±0.02) dan kadar air terendah (6.65%±0.004). Mocaf dari genotipe G390 memiliki protein (3.01%±0.018) tertinggi kadar abu (0.28%±0.002) dan lemak terendah (0.57%±0.004). Mocaf dari genotipe GX memiliki keunggulan dengan kadar rendemen tertinggi (28.57%±0.08) dan HCN terendah (0.20 ppm±0.10).
Kombinasi Iradiasi dan Coating Kitosan untuk Pengendalian Cendawan Thielaviopsis paradoxa pada Buah Salak Selama Penyimpanan Sri Lestari; Usman Ahmad; Evi Savitri Iriani; Fajar Kurniawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.08.2.71-80

Abstract

Snake fruit is one of the export potential fruit which is susceptible to fungus. The objectives of this study are to analyze the effect of irradiation and chitosan coating on snake fruit damage caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa and to determine the best treatment that can be used to control T. paradoxa fungus attack on snake fruit during storage. The treatments consist of 3 types: (1) irradiation (0.5 kGy; 1 kGy; 1.5 kGy), (2) coating followed by irradiation (0.5 kGy;1 kGy;1.5 kGy), (3) control (no treatment). The samples are stored at 12 oC (RH 70-75%). The results shows that the chitosan irradiation and coating treatment was proven to inhibit the growth of T. paradoxa fungus during storage. The best treatment is the the treatment with use 1 kGy irradiation dose which is combined with chitosan coating. The fruit damage for 20 days of storage is 41.67% with the severity of the disease is 21.67%. In application, the technology can effectively be applied considering the fungus attack on fruit is not as heavily as that in research. Irradiation dose of 1.5 kGy causes the flesh to mature.
Performance Test of Various Teeth Diameter of Cylinder Type Sago Rasping Machine Darma Darma
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.08.3.113-122

Abstract

Traditional method of sago starch extraction was a time and labor intensive process. The most laborious stage is pith disintegration which is done by using hammer-like tools called pounder. However, the use of rasping machine to disintegrate the pith is saving time and energy significantly. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed on performance of cylinder type sago rasping machine. In the experiment, four variations of teeth diameter i.e. 3mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm, and three levels of cylinder rotation speed i.e. 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm were examined. Results showed that both teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed significantly affect the rasping capacity. Likewise teeth diameter also significantly affect on starch percentage and starch losses in waste. Meanwhile, cylinder rotation speed and the interaction of the two factors have no significant effect on the starch percentage and starch loss in waste. The highest performance was obtained at the condition of teeth diameter 3 mm with cylinder rotation speed of 2500 rpm. The performance of the machine at the condition were (a) rasping capacity 2282 kg h-1, (b) starch percentage 33.02 %, (wb), (c) starch loss in waste 8.77 %.
Simulation of oil palm root water uptake by using 2D numerical soil-water flow model Lisma Safitri; Andiko Putro Suryotomo; Satyanto Krido Saptomo
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.1.31-40

Abstract

The sustainability in oil palm plantation requires a specific information about the oil palm root water uptake. As an introduction, it is find of interest to simulate the root water uptake and water content pattern of oil palm. The study was performed by applying the 2D simulation soil-water flow model to 17th year old oil palm tree located in Siak, Riau with the loam soil type. The climate data during 22 Nov – 22 Dec 2018 was used to predict the evapotranspiration. The simulation over 30 days based on Richard equation illustrated the root water uptake distribution, water content change, pressure head and flow velocity. The most intensive root water uptake occurred in the upper root zone of oil palm tree as an impact of the higher root density. The significant root water uptake in the upper root zone lead to the decreasing of water content and increasing of pressure head. Consequently, there was a change of water flow direction from the wet area in the downward and sideward do dry root zone as the water supply to the oil palm tree. The validation test showed that the simulation performed well (R2 = 0.724 and RMSE = 0.0066).
Aplikasi Coating Gel Lidah Buaya Untuk Mempertahankan Mutu Buah Alpukat Pada Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang Yandri Iskandar Pah; Sutrisno; Emmy Darmawati
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.08.3.105-112

Abstract

Avocado is a climacteric fruit that still conducting physiological processes after being harvested, so that the fruit can reduce its freshness and increase its damage at room temperature. One treatment to extend the shelf life of avocados is by using an edible coating. Natural edible coating that has the potential to be used as a coating for avocados is aloe vera gel. The objective of this study was to determine an optimum concentration of edible coating made from aloe vera gel for avocado in order to extend its shelf life under room temperature storage. Three level concentrations of aloe vera gel used in this research were 30% (AV30), 50% (AV50), and without coating (Control). The quality parameters analyzed were weight loss, skin water content, percent of decay, hardness, color, and total soluble solids. The results showed that edible aloe vera gel coating significantly affected weight loss, skin water content, percent of decay, hardness, and total soluble solids of avocados. Among the treatments, the research found and recommend that the 50% of aloe vera coating was good enough to extend avocado until 18 days under room temperature storage. Keywords: Edible coatings, aloe vera gel, avocados, room temperature storage
Analisa Head Losses dengan Penerapan Simulasi pada Diameter Pipa dan Pengaruh Nilai Net Positive Suction Head terhadap Terbentuknya Kavitasi pada Pompa Siti Aisyah; Zulham Effendi; Wahyu Yoga Pratama
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.1.17-22

Abstract

The pump works by converting mechanical energy into kinetic energy where along the fluid flow there will be a flow loss which causes a decrease in the thrust pressure on the discharge side of the pump. This is due to fluid friction against the pipe walls, and the use of elbows, valves, etc. This analysis aims to calculate the amount of pressure loss (head losses) in the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe, the available Nett Positive Suction Head (NPSHa), and in the end it will be compared with the required Nett Positive Suction Head (NPSHr) of the pump. This research was conducted in one of the Palm Oil Mill in Tanah Putih District, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Data obtained from pump specification data, suction pipe specifications, pressure pipe specifications, daerator height data, upper drum height data, and pumped water temperature data. The instrument analyzed is a pump engine that distributes water from the daerator to the upper drum with the Pump Brand : Southern Cross, type: 52L-4, pump capacity: 25 m3/hour, pump rotation : 3000 rpm, head : 40 meters, temperature : 100 0C, year : 1989. The results obtained that the flow velocity in the suction and compressive pipes is 0.8567 m⁄s, the Reynold number for pipe 4 " is 295050 m (turbulent flow), relative pipe Roughness for pipe 4" is 0.0015, losses on the suction pipe is 0.1082 m, the loss in the pressure pipe is 0.0927 m, the head loss at the 900 elbow pipe connection is 0.0012 m. The head loss on the gate valve resistance is 0.0059 m.
Rainwater Harvesting as Alternative Clean Water Sources in the Bekasi Watershed Dea Evantri; M. Yanuar Jawardi Purwanto; Roh Santoso Budi Waspodo; Nora Herdiana Pandjaitan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.2.73-78

Abstract

Panen air hujan merupakan salah satu upaya yang ditujukan untuk mengurangi limpasan permukaan dan meningkatkan ketersediaan air. Panen air hujan menjadi salah satu alternative untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat dan mengurangi penggunaa air dari PDAM ataupun air tanah. Perencanaan panen air hujan di wilayah DAS Bekasi Hulu bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat DAS Bekasi Hulu yang selama ini memanfaatkan air PDAM. Perencanaan panen air dihitung berdasarkan besar kebutuhan air dan jumlah volume air hujan yang dapat tertampung. Dimensi bak penampungan direncanakan adalah dengan kapasitas tampung 4 m3 dengan tinggi 160 cm tebal dinding 3 cm. Hasil perhitungan kebutuhan air penduduk DAS Bekasi hulu pada tahun 2018 adalah sebesar 73 juta m3/tahun setara dengan 110 milyar rupiah tarif PDAM. Dengan adanya perencanaan panen hujan maka diperoleh besar air hujan tertampung setiap tahunnya adalah sebesar 7.8 juta m3/tahun. Berdasarkan penelitian ini masyarakat dapat menghemat biaya air sebesar 11% dari total biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk biaya air PDAM. Pemanenan air hujan dapat diterapkan di wilayah DAS Bekasi Hulu dan sudah saatnya untuk disosalisasikan kepada masyarakat.
Time and Speed of Stirring Treatment in Adsorption Effectiveness of Coffee Processing Waste Water Elida Novita; Hendra Andiananta Pradana; Siti Nur Aenia
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.2.41-48

Abstract

Processing of coffee with wet processing method produces a lot of waste water from the results of the vines, pulping, and the washing result of fermentation. The wastewater has the potential to pollute the environment in case of no treatment. Adsorption is one method that can reduce the risk of pollution from coffee processing wastewater. The time variation and stirring speed of adsorption may affect the improvement of the quality of wastewater. The study aims to identify the influence of time and speed stirring towards the efficiency of decreasing the parameter turbidity and color in the adsorption of coffee wastewater using activated carbon from the coffee pulp. Carbon from coffee pulp was activated by using NaOH 1 M. The parameters observed in the adsorption i.e turbidity and color. The time used in stirring i.e 60 minutes 65 minutes, and 70 minutes with each speed of 60 rpm, 90 rpm, and 120 rpm. The research result shows that the best stirring time and speed treatment was 60 Minutes/120 rpm. The time and stirring treatment of 60 minutes/120 rpm in coffeeprocessing wastewater adsorption is the best effective treatment in decreasing turbidity and color parameters respectively, 93.13% and 83.93%.
Mass and Contact Time of Activated Carbon Treatment to Adsorption Efficiency for Coffee Processing Wastewater Elida Novita; Arthanti Yulia Admaja; Hendra Andiananta Pradana
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.2.49-56

Abstract

Coffee is one of the crops that has a high economic value. Wet or dry coffee processing will produce waste that can pollute the surrounding environment. Environmental impact caused by coffee wastewater in the form of water that becomes cloudy with dark color. The treatment can be done using the adsorption method. The purpose of this research was to determine the efficiency of the best activated carbon mass and the optimum contact time in the adsorption process on the treatment of coffee processing wastewater. The mass of activated carbon used in each sample is 5 grams, 10 grams, and 15 grams with contact time of 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes.The parameters were examined consist of turbidity and colour. The best treatment is mass of activated carbon of 15 g and interaction of 60 minutes. By using a different mass and the time of contact in adsorption can decrease the characteristics of coffee processing wastewater that is in the turbidity parameter yields a efficiency of 89.58% and in color parameters reached 83.86%.
Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn c Respiration Study in Passive Modified Atsmosphere Storage: Kurniawan Yuniarto; Anang Lastriyanto; Cahyo Mustiko Okta Muvianto; Nurtiti Nurtiti
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.09.2.57-64

Abstract

Passive modified atmosphere storage (P-MAS) is a popular fresh fruits and vegetables storage method. The P-MAS creates naturally gas composition alteration due to aerobic respiration rate during storage which implies to maturity and shelf life. This research studied Averrhoa bilimbii Linn respiration behaviour by applying P-MAS at ambient temperature for 24 hours storage period. The gas composition was measured using typical zirconium and infrared gas sensor to determine oxygen and carbondioxide concentration. Heat and humidity were also logged by modifying SHT10 sensor. Acid titratic and weight loss represented the substrat consumption during respiration. The result investigated fastest respiration rate achieved at about RO2 28,60 ml [O2] kg-1 h-1 and (RCO2) sebesar 56,64 ml [CO2] kg-1 h-1 for an hour storage. The RQ was calculated above 1,0 for all period storage which indicated consumed organic acid material. Titratic acid reduced by 0,03 mg equivalent/100 g and average weigh loss was at about 0,04%. The Averrhoa bilimbi linn was categorized at sour-unripe during 24 hours storahe period and exponantially regression predicted sour-ripe level achieved after 37 hours.

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