IPTEK The Journal of Engineering
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering (E-ISSN: 2337-8557) is an academic journal on the issued related to engineering and technology. IPTEK The Journal of Engineering published first time in August 2014. From 2014-2018 (Volume 1-4) IPTEK The Journal of Engineering publish three issues (numbers) annually (April, August, and December). Since 2019 published annually in April and August. It is open to all scientist, researchers, education practitioners, and other scholars. Therefore this journal welcomes various topics in different engineering disciplines. Our target is to reach all universities, research centers and institutes in the globe. Call for Papers IPTEK The Journal of Engineering is an open-access journal, which means that visitors all over the world could read, download, cite, and distribute papers published in this journal for free. We adopt a peer-review model, which insured fast publishing and convenient submission. In addition to peer-reviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, state-of-the-art reviews and communications in the broadly defined field of engineering science and technology. Theses, dissertations, research papers, and reviews are all acceptable for publication. All topics should relevant to the issues faced by industries, governments, and communities. The broad-based topics may be covered by the following knowledge areas: Computer Engineering and Information Systems (Telematics, Algorithms and Programming, Network Based Computing, Smart Computing and Vision, Intelligent Information Management, Computer Architecture and Networking, Applied Modeling and Computing, Graphics Interaction and Games, Software engineering, Information Technology Infrastructure and Security, Information Systems Management, Data Engineering and Business Intelligence, Data Acquisition and Information Dissemination, Enterprise System, and Smart Cities and Cyber Security) Civil Infrastructure Engineering (Hydrotechnics and Surveying, Construction Implementation Management, Building Materials and Structures, and Transportation and Geotechnics) Mechanical Engineering (Energy Convertion, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Mechanical Design, and Manufacture) Electrical Engineering Automation (Cyber Physical, Automation, and Industrial Robots, Programmable Logic Controller and Control System, Antennas and Propagation, Instrumentation, Measurement and Power System Identification, Multimedia Telecommunications Network, Multimedia Communication, Electric Energy Conversion, Electric Power System Simulation, High voltage, System and Cybernetics, Microelectronics and Embedded Systems, Biocybernetics, Instrumentation and Biomedical Signal Processing, Multimedia Computing and Machine Intelligence, and Digital Signal Processing) Chemical Engineering (Applied Chemistry, Biochemical and Bioprocess, Advance Functional Materials and Analysis, Thermodynamic, Chemical Reaction, Material and Nanocomposite, Bioenergy, Wastewater Treatment, Process Integration, Fluid Mechanic, and Sustainable Industrial Systems) Instrumentation Engineering (Control Instrumentation, Measurement Instrumentation, Photonic Engineering, Vibration and Acoustics, and Embedded Systems and Physical Cyber) Business Statistics (Business Analytic, and Quality and Productivity Engineering) And physical, chemical, biological, and environmental sciences that are directly related to engineering.
Articles
144 Documents
<![CDATA[Optimization of Bioethanol Production From Chlorella Vulgaris With Ca2+,Mg2+, and Zn2+ Ion Suplements Through Separated Hydrolysis and Fermentation Using Respon Surface Methodology ]]>
<![CDATA[Zuhri, Muhammad Fakhrudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamzah, Afan]]>;
<![CDATA[Anam, Muhamad Khoirul]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a22740
<![CDATA[Indonesia, with its wealth of natural resources, has the potential to develop bioethanol as an alternative to diminishing fossil energy sources. Third-generation bioethanol is a form of renewable energy and an environmentally friendly fuel derived from non-conventional biomass resources, particularly from microorganisms such as algae and cyanobacteria. This study focuses on optimizing the bioethanol production process from the microalga Chlorella vulgaris using the Separated Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) method, with the addition of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ ions to enhance bioethanol yield and concentration. The research procedure includes raw material pretreatment, acid hydrolysis, liquefaction, saccharification, fermentation, and distillation. The distillate samples are analyzed for bioethanol concentration using a refractometer and bioethanol density with a pycnometer. The effect of added medium components on the fermentation process is statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in MINITAB Statistical Software and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in DESIGN EXPERT 13. Statistical optimization of the fermentation process is performed using Central Composite Design (CCD). ANOVA analysis reveals significance with a P-Value <0.0001 for bioethanol yield and concentration. Optimization results indicate an optimal yield of 17.087% with a concentration of 165.592 g/L, achieved with the addition of Ca2+ at 164.755 ppm, Mg2+ at 146.279 ppm, and Zn2+ at 38.516 ppm.]]>
<![CDATA[Compressive Strength Performance of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with CaCO3 Addition ]]>
<![CDATA[Wibowo, Yosi Noviari]]>;
<![CDATA[Tatas, Tatas]]>;
<![CDATA[Tajunnisa, Yuyun]]>;
<![CDATA[Mawardi, Amalia Firdaus]]>;
<![CDATA[Zanah, Miftaqul]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a22092
<![CDATA[ This study investigates the compressive strength performance of High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) concrete with added CaCO₃ as a sustainable alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) for infrastructure applications. The experimental research replaces a significant portion of cement with fly ash—a byproduct of coal combustion—aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with concrete production. Two HVFA concrete mixtures were developed, substituting 37% and 47% of cement content with fly ash and adding 3% CaCO₃ to enhance mechanical properties. Material characterization, including XRF and XRD analysis, confirmed the suitability of fly ash for concrete production based on ASTM C618-19 standards. Aggregate gradation, moisture content, and specific gravity tests were conducted to optimize the mix design. Compressive strength tests were performed at 7, 14, and 28 days, showing that HVFA concrete with 37% fly ash substitution achieved higher strength values, reaching 25.92 MPa at 28 days, compared to the 47% mix, which reached 24.68 MPa. Slump tests indicated sufficient workability, with a measured slump of 10 cm for FA37C3 and 12 for FA47C3. These findings suggest that HVFA concrete with moderate fly ash substitution, complemented by CaCO₃ addition, can achieve compressive strength and workability comparable to OPC, supporting the development of environmentally friendly concrete solutions. ]]>
<![CDATA[Algaboost: A Smart Cultivation Photobioreactor Combining UV-B Induction and ANN-Based Control for Enhanced Lipid Production in Microalgae Botryococcus braunii ]]>
<![CDATA[Saguna, I Putu Evan Evan Priya]]>;
<![CDATA[Adnyani, Komang Tris Astra Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Widhiarta, I Ketut Rama Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[Premayanti, Ni Ketut Ayu Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Hakim, Muhammad Andika]]>;
<![CDATA[Pratama, I Putu Eka Widya]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a22761
<![CDATA[The production of biodiesel from microalgae presents a sustainable solution to global energy challenges, particularly through the utilization of Botryococcus braunii, known for its high lipid yield. However, conventional cultivation methods remain constrained by manual monitoring and limited process optimization, resulting in suboptimal lipid productivity. This study introduces Algaboost, an intelligent photobioreactor that integrates UV-B induced stress with Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based environmental control to enhance lipid accumulation in B. braunii. The system was designed with real-time sensor feedback, automated fluid control, and a graphical user interface (GUI) to facilitate dynamic cultivation management. The ANN model, trained on a dataset of 119 entries, successfully predicted optimal cultivation set points (pH 6.0; salinity 30.1 ppt) and demonstrated reliable performance as a software sensor. Under these conditions, a lipid yield of 41.49% was achieved, with 20.83% TAG content, suitable for biodiesel synthesis. The findings validate the feasibility of combining machine learning and photobiological stress in a semi-autonomous platform, offering a scalable approach to renewable fuel production. Algaboost not only improves operational efficiency but also marks a step toward adaptive, data-driven bioprocessing for sustainable energy systems. ]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Flow Rate NaOH on CO₂ Absorption Efficiency Using a Column Tray Absorber ]]>
<![CDATA[Arifin, Rizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Faizah, Nurul]]>;
<![CDATA[Kaloka, Ardista Izdhihar]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia, Anisa Fatma]]>;
<![CDATA[Thufailah, Gladys Sukma]]>;
<![CDATA[Syukur, Muhammad Adnan]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a22713
<![CDATA[CO₂ in industrial gas streams reduces process efficiency, corrodes equipment, and affects product quality. Additionally, CO₂ emissions contribute to climate change and global warming. To mitigate these effects, CO₂ removal through absorption is essential. Absorption involves contacting a gas mixture with a liquid absorbent to dissolve the gas component. This study examines the effect of CO₂ flow rate (V) and NaOH flow rate (L) on CO₂ absorption efficiency. The experiment involved preparing 33 liters of 0.1N NaOH and 250 ml of 0.1N HCl, followed by solution standardization using methyl orange. CO₂ was introduced through valve V-4 while NaOH was pumped into the absorption column. Samples were taken after steady state was reached, and titration with 0.1N HCl determined residual NaOH concentration. Flow rate variations of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 L/min were tested. Results align with literature, indicating that as CO₂ flow rate increases, NaOH flow rate also rises. However, the L/V ratio and absorbed CO₂ amount decrease due to reduced contact time, lowering absorption efficiency. This study highlights the importance of optimizing flow rates to enhance CO₂ capture.]]>
<![CDATA[Ethylene Evaporation Rate Analysis in the Storage Tank and Boil-Off Gas Dispersion: Case Study in PT Lotte Chemical Titan Nusantara ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachmaniah, Orchidea]]>;
<![CDATA[Lazuardi, Khoir]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizky, Ajeng Nina]]>;
<![CDATA[Al-Mauhub, Rijaalul Mulhim]]>;
<![CDATA[Faridsyah, Ibnu]]>;
<![CDATA[Cahyadi, Bagus]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a21725
<![CDATA[As a primary raw material at PT Lotte Chemical Titan Nusantara (LCTN), ethylene storage is 12,000 tons in icy conditions (- 103.6 °C and 40-80 mbarg) before processing into polyethylene. Ethylene evaporation is inevitable. Therefore, the proper handled of ethylene needs to be settled. The evaporation rate or Boil-Off Rate (BOR) of ethylene is predicted to be 0.0705-0.0730% vol/day, and the Boil-Off Gas (BOG) is 9.41-9.76 tons per day (at 21-40 °C and a tank liquid level of 15.41 meters, approx. 52.51% volume of tank). The BOR is a predicted value of the percentage of volume evaporated daily. When the liquid level is increased, the BOR rate will also be increased. The size of any leaks dramatically impacts the gas dispersion radius. A leak with a 10 mm size at wind speeds of 5 and 10 km/hr resulted in the radius distance of BOG dispersion being 8.2 and 7.7 m, respectively. When the leak hole is ten times bigger, ca. 100 mm, the radius is eight times wider. Fortunately, gas releases happen well above ground level (15.5 meters), causing the cloud to rise, keeping personnel safe. Too low liquid levels ramp up evaporation, risking shortages, while overfilling increases BOG, raising the chance of spills and safety hazards. Hence, managing these variables is crucial to keep operations smooth and safe.]]>
<![CDATA[Ketalization of Glycerol and Acetone to Solketal: Effect of Temperature, Concentration & Mathematical Model ]]>
<![CDATA[Sawali, Fikrah Dian Indrawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Afandy, Moh Azhar]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustikaningrum, Mega]]>;
<![CDATA[Lestary, Rara Ayu]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i1.a22642
<![CDATA[Solketal is a viable method for using glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production. This study aims to identify the optimal operating parameters for solketal compounds generated from the glycerol ketalization reaction with acetone by using mathematical models that effectively forecast an appropriate framework for this process. This research consists of three critical phases: the ketalization reaction of glycerol with acetone, the characterization of the result solketal products, and the ketalization reaction utilizing the Amberlite IR 120 Na catalyst. The process begins by introducing glycerol and acetone in a mole ratio of 1:3, followed by mechanical Stirring at 500 rpm. The temperature is regulated using a water bath to maintain a constant reaction temperature under specified conditions of 20 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C, with catalyst masses of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The mathematical model used is of exponential and polynomial order 2. The findings indicated that the optimal glycerol conversion of 46.01% was attained at 50 °C, using a 5% catalyst concentration throughout a reaction duration of 120 minutes. Second-order polynomial regression is the most appropriate mathematical model to represent this process.]]>
<![CDATA[Implementation Of Fuzzy Logic in The Dissolved Oxygen and pH Control System to Reduce the Risk of Death of Cyprinus Carpio Fish ]]>
<![CDATA[Setyabudi, Jinna Elvaretta Aqilah]]>;
<![CDATA[Aisyah, Putri Yeni]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitriyanah, Dwi Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Radhy, Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Pratama, I Putu Eka Widya]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiratama, Maulana Andra]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i2.a22996
<![CDATA[Cultivation of Cyprinus carpio, commonly known as the goldfish, in aquariums requires strict monitoring of water quality to maintain the fish's health and ensure its survival. Key parameters such as dissolved oxygen and pH greatly affect the aquatic environment, where imbalances can lead to stress or death. This study aims to design and implement a dissolved oxygen and pH control system using fuzzy logic as an alternative to traditional PID-based or rule-based systems commonly used in aquaculture. The proposed system automatically detects water conditions (LOW, NORMAL, HIGH) and activates appropriate control responses. It integrates an SEN0237 dissolved oxygen sensor, an E-201C pH sensor, aerators, dosing pumps, and an Arduino-based microcontroller. Sensor data is processed via fuzzy inference to operate actuators—either to increase oxygen levels or inject buffer solutions for pH normalization. Unlike previous studies that focus on single-parameter control or fixed-response systems, this system offers a dual-parameter adaptive control approach. Experimental validation shows that the system maintains pH at 6–7 and DO at 3–4 mg/L, with sensor accuracy exceeding 95%. Over 10 days, fish survival improved in the controlled aquarium (7/10) compared to the uncontrolled aquarium (5/10). The system demonstrates potential to reduce water quality fluctuations, offering hope for a more stable aquaculture environment. This work contributes to the application of fuzzy logic in small-scale innovative aquaculture systems, highlighting its potential advantages over conventional methods.]]>
<![CDATA[Comprehensive Study on Cr(VI) Adsorption and Regeneration Behavior of Alkali-Treated Wood Charcoal: Isotherms and Kinetics Models ]]>
<![CDATA[Afandy, Moh. Azhar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sawali, Fikrah Dian Indrawati]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i2.a22804
<![CDATA[The present study considers the adsorption and regeneration behavior of alkali-treated wood charcoal (WC-NaOH and WC-KOH) for Cr(VI) removal. Adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Raduskevich) and kinetics (Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-orderare being investigated utilizing a non-linear method that provides precise parameter prediction and mechanism elucidation. The outcomes suggested that both WC-NaOH and WC-KOH exhibit good Cr(VI) removal efficiency, with the Langmuir model best explaining the adsorption phase, indicating single-layer adsorption. The kinetic study revealed that the Pseudo-second-order model aligns remarkably well with the data, thereby affirming that chemical adsorption is the predominant mechanism in consideration. A comparative analysis revealed that WC-KOH exhibits a higher amount of adsorption than WC-NaOH, attributable to its enhanced larger surface area as well as micro-porous structure.. Regeneration studies showed the possibility of reuse of both adsorbents. It shows the efficiency of alkali-treated wood charcoal for Cr(VI) decontamination and the advantages of non-linear modeling in adsorption experiments]]>
<![CDATA[Comparative Risk Prioritization in the Initiation Phase of the Pagerungan Besar Photovoltaic Plant: A Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Risk Matrix Approach ]]>
<![CDATA[Retnaningtias, Agustina Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahyudanari, Ervina]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i2.a22667
<![CDATA[Photovoltaic (PV) power plant projects in East Java often face challenges during the initiation phase due to inadequate risk assessments. This phase is crucial for ensuring the project's long-term success; however, suboptimal risk identification has caused project delays. In the risk assessment process, high-priority risks need to be mitigated, but differences in the methods used can result in varying risk priority outcomes. One of the methods that can be used is Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), while according to internal regulations at PT PLN (Persero), the Risk Matrix is applied. By using these two methods, the differences in the resulting risk priority rankings can be identified. Both tools rely on evaluations from experts experienced in decision-making during the initiation phase of PV power plant projects. From the analysis, 12 risks were identified during the initiation phase of the Pagerungan Besar PV power plant project. The highest-priority risks identified include Suboptimal feasibility study (Risk Priority Number/RPN: 74.27), unfavorable outcomes for the organization/company (RPN: 68.96), lack of budget (RPN: 64.00), and stakeholder Intervention (RPN: 53.69). Meanwhile, by plotting the Severity Level and Occurrence Level of each risk on the Risk Matrix according to PT PLN (Persero) regulations, the highest-priority risks identified include Suboptimal feasibility study (Extreme Risk Level, Zone E5), location-related issues (Extreme Risk Level, Zone E5), non-compliance with regulations (Extreme Risk Level, Zone E5), and suboptimal project team (Very High Risk Level, Zone D5). The two risk assessment methods produced different prioritizations, potentially impacting mitigation strategy decisions. This variation highlights the need for further analysis to ensure accurate and reliable risk prioritization, which is critical for project success and efficient resource allocation. Future studies should focus on evaluating prioritization methods to support effective decision-making and ensure timely project implementation in line with the targeted Commercial Operation Date (COD).]]>
<![CDATA[Application of Electrocoagulation in Stabilizing pH and Removing Pollutants from Domestic and Urban Wastewater Using Aluminum Electrodes ]]>
<![CDATA[Kaloka, Ardista Izdhihar]]>;
<![CDATA[Faizah, Nurul]]>;
<![CDATA[Arifin, Rizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia, Anisa Fatma]]>;
<![CDATA[Putra, Muhammad Benaldo Anugrah]]>;
<![CDATA[Wati, Ni'mah]]>;
<![CDATA[Prayadi, Icha Nur]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i2.a22816
<![CDATA[This study investigates the application of electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes to stabilize pH and remove pollutants from various real wastewater sources in Surabaya, Indonesia, including laundromats, fast food restaurants, campus canteens, mechanical workshops, and tofu industries. A batch-mode electrocoagulation process was conducted using 10 A of current over 60 minutes, and the performance was evaluated based on pH changes, turbidity, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) removal. The highest TSS removal efficiency of 98% was observed in machine shop wastewater, while laundromat samples also achieved high performance with 97% reduction. Electrocoagulation demonstrated strong pH stability in effluents with buffering compounds such as those from campus canteens and workshops, whereas fluctuating pH and turbidity levels were found in tofu and fast-food effluents, indicating the need for process optimization. Turbidity decreased significantly across all samples, confirming effective floc formation during electrolysis. The findings confirm that electrocoagulation is a promising method for treating both domestic and urban wastewater. However, integrating additional processes such as adsorption or filtration is recommended to enhance performance for complex wastewater compositions and ensure compliance with discharge standards.]]>
