Acta Interna : The Journal of Internal Medicine
The Journal considers any original research that advocates change in, or illuminates, clinical practice. The journal also publishes interesting and informative reviews and opinions pieces on any topics connected with clinical practice. Manuscripts must be solely the work of the author(s) stated, not have been published previously elsewhere, and not be under consideration by another journal. all papers should be written to be clearly understandable to the journal`s readers in a wide range of specialities and countries. Diagrams, figures, and photographs should be used to supplement and enhance the text.
Articles
152 Documents
<![CDATA[Differences in lung function in various degrees of pulmonary tuberculosis sequale ]]>
<![CDATA[Iwandheny Sepmeitutu]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumardi Sumardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Eko Budiono]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 4, No 2 (2014): The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.16575
<![CDATA[Latar belakang: Tuberkulosis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global untuk negara berkembang khususnyadi Indonesia yang merupakan urutan kelima tertinggi di dunia. Sekuele tuberkulosis dapat terjadi padasebagaian besar pasien yang mengalami penyembuhan setelah mendapatkan pengobatan. Perubahan sekueletuberkulosis menimbulkan perubahan pada paru sehingga mengalami penurunan fungsi paru.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan fungsi paru forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1) dan forced vital capacity (FVC) pada berbagai derajat sekuele tuberkulosis.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang pada pasien rawat jalan poliklinik BP4 Yogyakarta dariSeptember 2013 hingga sampel terpenuhi. Perbedaan dianalisis dengan uji t dan analisis normalitas denganuji Shapiro-Wilk. Perbedaan bermakna bila p< 0.05 dengan interval kepercayaan 95%.Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan subyek penelitian sebanyak 44 pasien yang terdiri dari 29 (65,9%)laki-laki dan 15(34,1%) perempuan. Subyek yang memenuhi kriteria dilakukan pemeriksaan foto thorakposteroanterior (PA). Derajat keparahan foto thorak dinilai menurut indeks Willcox. Tes spirometri dilakukanuntuk mendapatkan gambaran fungsi paru berupa FEV1 dan FVC. Karakteristik dasar subyek penelitianmenurut fungsi paru menunjukkan kelainan restriksi yang paling banyak yaitu 28 (60,9%). Perbedaan fungsiparu FEV1 bermakna pada derajat ringan dengan derajat berat (p= 0,024) dan bermakna pada fungsi paruFVC pada derajat ringan dengan derajat berat (p= 0,031).Kesimpulan: terdapat perbedaan bermakna fungsi paru FEV1 dan FVC pada derajat ringan dengan derajatberat.Kata kunci: Sekuele tuberkulosis, fungsi paru, indeks Willcox.ABSTRACTBackground: Tuberculosis remains a global health problem to developing countries, especially in Indonesiawhich is the fi fth highest in the world. Tuberculosis sequelae can occur on most patients who experiencedhealing after treatment. Tuberculosis sequelae changes cause changes in the lungs so that the decline inlung functions.Objective: This study was to determine differences in lung function, forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) at various degrees of sequelae tuberculosis.Method: This is a cross-sectional study in an outpatient BP4 Yogyakarta from September 2013 until thesample met. Differences were analyzed by t-test and analysis of normality with Shapiro-Wilk test. Signifi cantdifference is when P <0.05 with 95% confi dence intervals.Result: The study subjects were 44 patients consisted of 29 (65.8%) males and 15 (34.1%) women. Subjectswho met the criteria examined thoracic images posteroanterior (PA). The degrees of severity of thoracicimages were assessed by Willcox index. Spirometry tests performed to get an overview of lung functionsuch as FEV1 and FVC. Basic characteristics of the study subjects according to pulmonary functionabnormalities restriction showed at most that 28 (63.6%). Signifi cant differences in FEV1 lung function in mild degree with severe degree (p = 0024) and FVC signifi cantly in lung function in mild degree withsevere degree (p= 0.031).Conclusion: There are signifi cant differences in lung function, FEV1 and FVC at mild degree by severedegree.Keywords: Tuberculosis sequelae, pulmonary function, index Willcox]]>
<![CDATA[ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NUTRITIOUS STATUS AND LIFE QUALITY OF ELDER PEOPLE VISITING GERIATRIC CLINIC AT DR. SARDJITO HOSPITAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhipah Muhipah]]>;
<![CDATA[I Dewa Putu Pramantara]]>;
<![CDATA[Deddy Nur Wachid Achadiono]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/actainterna.35843
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTBackground. Successful development in health sector cause shift in world population to older age. Yogyakarta Special Territory reveals highest percentage in amount of elderly people in Indonesia (13.7%). Prevalence of decrease in nutritional status rise along with age. Individual with low nutritional status is vulnerable to some diseases such as depression, cognitive disturbance and dementia progressivity. Nutritional status on elderly people is subject ignored in clinical practice. Prevention and early intervention is the best approach to obtain optimal nutrition.Objective. To identify association between nutritional statuses measured using MNA score and life quality measured with WHOQOL-BREF at elderly patient visiting geriatric clinic in Dr. Sardjito Hospital.Method. This research used cross-sectional design on elderly population in Dr. Sardjito Hospital. The research was conducted in October 2014. It includes elderly persons meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, nutritional status assessed with MNA score and measurement of life quality with QHOQOL-BREF including four domains: physical aspect, psychological aspect, social relationship and environment.Result: There is significant correlation with p<0.001 between MNA and domain 1 (physical aspect) where Pearson correlation of 0.546 indicates positive correlation with weak correlation. Association of MNA and domain 2 (physical aspect) indicates significant correlation with p =0.006 with Pearson correlation of 0.435 indicating positive correlation with moderate correlation. There is significant correlation between MNA and domain 3 (social aspect) with p=0.005 and Pearson correlation of 0.437 indicating weak correlation. Association of MNA and domain four (environment aspect) indicate significant correlation with p=0.007 and Pearson correlations core of 0.426 indicating positive correlation with moderate correlation.Conclusion. The results indicate significant association between nutritional status (MNA) and life quality based on WHOQOL viewed from physical aspect (domain 1), psychological aspect (domain 2), social aspect (domain 30 and environmental aspect (domain 4) on elderly person.Keywords: Geriatrics, MNA, quality of life]]>
<![CDATA[Changes in Anthropometry Measurement among Human Immunodefi ciency Virus/Acquired Immune Defi ciency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Patients Received Antiretroviral Treatment ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Irawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Doni Priambodo Wijisaksono]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizka Humardewayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Yanri WIjayanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 4, No 2 (2014): The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.16851
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTBackground: Estimated nearly 38.6 million people infected by HIV and 2.8 million died in 2005. Evidence suggests the existence of a very important relationship between the output and improved nutritional statusin HIV/AIDS patients. Poor nutritional status in HIV/AIDS can be caused by several factors, namely the intake and absorption of inadequate nutrition, metabolic changes, hyper metabolism, or a combination of these, changes in the gastrointestinal tract as well as interactions between drugs and nutrients. Losing weight remains on the HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapies) era, but the problems are the side effects of HAART and lipodystrophy.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the provision of anti- retroviral effect on changes in anthropometric values people with HIV/AIDS. Method: The study is using the one group pre-posttest design (quasi-experimental), by assessing changes in anthropometric values in subjects with HIV before and after the administration of ARVs. Analysis of the data is computerized by a computer program Result: Obtained 30 samples of the study with anthropometric changes pre and post ARVs 6 months. Theweight was 51.4 ± 9.12 to 53.6 ± 8.68 with a p-value 0.001. Body Mass Index (BMI) was 19.98 ± 3.47 into 20.84 ± 3.35 with a p-value 0.001 and upper arm circumference 24.13 ± 3.62 into 24.95±3.48 with a p-value 0.003. The provision of antiretroviral drugs for 6 months infl uences the change in nutritional status of HIV patients are assessed by anthropometric measure. Signifi cant changes in the changes body weight, BMIand upper arm circumference. Changes in anthropometric values ARV Efavirenz group and non-Efavirenz meaningful change signifi cant in skinfold thickness obtained at the value of p 0.010.Conclusion: There were no signifi cant changes in anthropometric values compared to patients with early stage HIV and advanced stage after 6 months of antiretroviral therapy.Keywords: HIV, antiretroviral drugs, anthropometric, nutritional status]]>
<![CDATA[Ex vivo Generation of Platelets from Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells with Amniotic Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells Support ]]>
<![CDATA[Mardiah Suci Hardianti]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3845
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTBackground: Platelet refractoriness is a major problem among patients requiring repeated transfusion. Production of less immunogenic platelets is required to overcome this problem. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is rich in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which may serve as a potential source of less immunogenic ex vivo generated platelet. Development of methods to generate platelet from HSC in UCB with additions of various growth factors made a very high production cost. Amniotic membrane is widely known as the best source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which may support the growth of platelet from HSC in UCB due to its abundant productions of cytokines and low cost . Aim: This study aimed to generate platelet from UCB co-cultured with MSC derived from amniotic membrane.Methods: Gradient density separation was performed to obtain mononuclear cells from UCB. The resulted mononuclear (MN) cells were selected for CD34+ by magnetic sorter beads. CD34+ HSC and non-CD34+ MN cells were each cultured in standard medium plus 10 ng/ml thrombopoietin (TPO), 50 ng/ml stem cell factor (SCF), and 25 ng/ml interleukin-11 (IL-11), with or without co-cultured with MSC. The MSC was also cultured alone with the addition of the above mentioned cytokines. Cultures were incubated in 37o C with 5% CO2 and half of the medium was changed twice a week. Formations of platelets were confirmed by flowcytometry after two weeks culturing.Results: Total number of CD34+ HSC was 1x106, the non-CD34+ MNC was 1.78x107 and the MSC was 3x105. Following the culture systems, the number of platelets produced from CD34+ HSC with and without MSC were 1.17% and 0.84%, respectively. The numbers of platelets produced from non-CD34+ MN cells with and without MSC were 7.94% and 8.85%, respectively. The number of platelets produced from 105 MSC was 1.43%.Conclusions: There was a greater increment in ex vivo production of platelets in CD34+ HSC isolated from UCB co-cultured with MSC, compared to that of without MSC. Further study to evaluate the significancy of the increament and the platelet function produced by this system is warranted. Keywords: platelet, hematopoietic stem cells, - mesenchymal stem cells]]>
<![CDATA[THE ENDOTHELIN-1 LEVEL OF FEMALE TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT MICROANGIOPATHY COMPLICATIONS ]]>
<![CDATA[Siti Mazayyanah]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3846
<![CDATA[Background. Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Microangiopathy includes retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, while macroangiopathy includes coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. When the diagnosis is established in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), approximately 25% had suffered non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Within one to three years of non-proliferative retinopathy progresses to proliferative diabetic retinopathy can eventually be leading to retinal detachment, glaucoma and blindness. Diabetic nephropathy occurs in 20‐40% of patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and is a high risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction underlies all of this. Markers of endothelial dysfunction endothelin‐1 are assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes with retinopathy or nephropathy and without retinopathy and nephropathy.Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to show the differences between the level of Endothelin-1 on female patients Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with retinopathy or nephropathy compared to those without retinopathy and nephropathy.Method and subjects. This study uses a cross sectional design which was conducted on subjects from outpatient type 2 diabetes mellitus women with retinopathy or nephropathy compared without retinopathy and nephropathy at endocrinology clinic, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. ELISA sandwich’s method was used to measure plasma levels of endothelin‐1 from veins blood. Differences between groups were compared by student’s unpaired t‐test and Mann‐Whitney test (significant when p<0.05). Diabetic retinopathy is enforced through inspection fundoscopy. Diabetic nephropathy is diagnosed by albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30ug/mg.Result. The results showed that there were 52 female subjects with type 2 DM is composed of them 26 (50%) subjects with retinopathy or nephropathy and 26 (50%) subjects without retinopathy and nephropathy. Median age was 54 (44‐59) years. The mean level(s) of endothelin‐1 obtained (was higher) in women with type‐2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy or nephropathy (was) 19,47 ± 9,94 ng / ml (and) (compared) with no retinopathy and nephropathy (was) 17,64 ± 11,63 ng / ml (with) (although the difference was not statistically significant) p = 0,944.Conclusion. (Endothelin‐1 levels were higher in women with type‐2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy or nephropathy than without retinopathy and nephropathy, but the difference was not statistically significant.) No significant difference in endothelin-1 level between type 2 diabetic female patients with and without microangiopathy complications). Key words: endothelin‐1, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus. ]]>
<![CDATA[TREATMENT PATTERNS OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ACCORDING TO THE PRESENCE OF RHEUMATOID FACTOR ]]>
<![CDATA[Puvaneswary Rajendran]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3847
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTBackground: High titer of rheumatoid factor (RF) in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is mostly associated with more severe disease and presence of extra-articular features. To choose the best treatment of RA need the combination of science and art. Objective: the aim of the study was to find the comparison of pharmacological treatment patterns in rheumatoid arthritis patients according to the presence of rheumatoid factor in the serum.Method: This study was a retrospective quantitative observational. The data was collected from medical records of new patients with rheumatoid arthritis who came to the appointment at Rheumatology Clinic Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta in 2010.Results: The total of 39 new patients was eligible in this study. A corticosteroid was the most commonly prescribed (93% of the sero-positive and 84% of the sero-negative patients). Disease modifying anti rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were used in 92% sero-positive and 84% sero-negative patients (p=0.827; df=6). In choosing the DMARDs, Chloroquine was the most commonly prescribed (29% of sero-positive and 44% of sero-negative patients), followed by methotrexate (21% of sero-positive and 24% of sero-negative) and suphasalazine (21% of sero-positive and 0% of sero-negative). Leflunomide, doxycycline and combined DMARDs were some time prescribed. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used in 64% sero-positive and 68% sero-negative patients. Conclusion: Corticosteroid was the most commonly prescribed drug. There was no difference between the sero-positive and sero-negative of total patients using DMARDs. Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid factor, corticosteroid, diseases modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.]]>
<![CDATA[THE DIFFERENCE OF SERUM CARBOXY-TERMINAL PROPEPTIDE OF PROCOLLAGEN TYPE I (PIP) IN STAGE A, B AND C HEART FAILURE PATIENTS CAUSED BY HYPERTENSION ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurul Aini]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3848
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTIntroduction. Arterial hypertension affects the heart tissue composition which leads to structural remodeling of the myocardium. The imbalance between synthesis and degradation of type I collagen leading to myocardial fibrosis in a form of type I collagen fiber accumulation in the interstitial and perivascular myocardium. Collagen fiber accumulation reduces relaxation stage, diastolic suction, myocardial stiffness and diastolic dysfunction which affect systolic dysfunction leading to heart failure. Concentration of carboxy-terminal pro peptide of pro collagen type I (PIP) in peripheral blood am a synthesis index of type I collagen in HHD. Thus, the measurement of PIP is useful to monitor myocardial fibrosis stage in heart failure and to determine the therapeutic strategy that aims not only to reduce arterial pressure and left ventricular mass but also to prevent myocardial remodeling.Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to ascertain the difference PIP level in patients with the heart failure stage A, B, and C which are caused by hypertension. The serum concentration of PIP was measured by enzyme immunoassay. This research was a cross sectional research designed for cardiology policlinic’s outpatients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta from August 2009 until the calculated sample number is fulfilled. Method. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between the three groups of heart failure stages after being tested for the normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. If the result did not show a normal value, a non-parametric test would be undergone using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test. The differences considered as significant if p < 0.05 with a confidence interval of 95%.Result. The research was performed in 64 patients heart failure caused by hypertension consisted of 22 stages A, 19 stage B and 23 stage C. PIP mean levels of the group stage B 819.78 ± 91,03 ng/ml was higher compared stage A 808.47± 80.8 ng/ml and PIP mean level stage C 852 ± 55.51 ng/ml was higher compared stage B. The PIP mean levels did not differ statistically significantly (p=0. 317).Conclusion. There were no significant differences in serum level of PIP on the stage heart failure A, B and C. Keywords: Collagen, fibrosis, hypertension, heart failure, carboxy-terminal pro peptide]]>
<![CDATA[MANIFESTATIONS OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS-INDUCED KIDNEY DISORDERS ]]>
<![CDATA[Tiwi Charisma]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3850
<![CDATA[INTRODUCTIONNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medication.1 The gastrointestinal tract and kidneys are important targets of clinical events associated with the use of NSAIDs.2 Selective COX-2 inhibitors have minimal gastrointestinal side effects. However, the newer NSAIDs also has nephrotoxic effects remain as nonselective NSAIDs.1The kidneys are the major organ for drug excretion, so that the renal arterioles and glomerular capillaries are especially vulnerable to the effects of drugs. 3 The spectrum of NSAID-induced nephrotoxicity includes acute tubular necrosis, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, glomerulonephritis, renal papillary necrosis, chronic renal failure, salt and water retention, hypertension, and hyperkalemia. 1Among the various clinical complications, the effects on the kidney are probably the most common and severe due to the use of NSAIDs.4 Fifty million US citizens report NSAIDs use, and it has been estimated that 500.000 – 2,5 million people will develop NSAID nephrotoxicity in the US annually. 5 It has been reported that 37% of drug-associated acute renal failure is associated with the use of NSAIDs, and NSAID-induced acute renal failure accounts for 7% of overall cases of acute renal failure. 4This review discusses the NSAIDs, mechanisms and clinical manifestations of NSAID-induced renal impairment and some NSAID options that can be used in patients with renal failure. ]]>
<![CDATA[CORRELATION OF DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS WITH FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTION INDEX IN FEMALE HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Agni Bonendasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3851
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTIntroduction. Hemodialysis patients experience major changes in lifestyle and suffer various physical and emotional symptoms, especially symptoms of depression and sexual dysfunction in more than half of patients. Sexual dysfunction in women is often not identified because of lack of attention, especially by the clinician. Symptoms of depression limit intimacy, and affect sexual arousal and orgasm. Aim : the aim of the study was to determine the correlation between depressive symptoms and female sexual function index (FSFI) in women hemodialysis patients in the Hemodialysis Unit of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta.Methods. The method of this study was cross-sectional. Research was conducted at the Hemodialysis Unit by Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta from 10 April to 24 April 2012. Result. There were 42 female patients undergone routine hemodialysis who met the criteria. The median age was 49 years old and had undergone hemodialysis for a median duration of 40 months. Conclusion. There was a negative correlation of depression symptoms and female sexual dysfunction with a moderate strength (r = -0.421) and statistical significantly (P <0.05). Age and prolactin had a negative correlation with a moderate strength of FSFI score. HDL levels and menstrual status had a positive correlation with FSFI, with weak and strong correlation respectively. Key Words: Female sexual function index, depression, hemodialysis]]>
<![CDATA[LEPTIN LEVEL IN NON DIABETIC POPULATION WITH AND WITHOUT NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER (NAFL) ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Asyiqah Sofia]]>
<![CDATA[ Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Acta Interna The Journal of Internal Medicine ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/acta interna.3853
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTBackground. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent condition associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Leptin is an adipokine which plays role in decreasing food intake and controlling energy utilization. The role of leptin pathogenesis of NAFLD remains unclear. Former studies associated with the role of leptin in NAFL were never conducted in diabetic patients. Therefore we aimed to analyze the difference of leptin level in non diabetic population between subjects with and without non alcoholic fatty liver disease.Method. This was a non matching case control study in general check up polyclinic Dr.Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria were aged 30-60 years old, no history of alcohol consumption > 20 gr/day, no diabetes mellitus. The exclusion criteria were viral hepatitis (B and C), rapid weight loss, steroid therapy, and pregnancy. Diagnosis of NAFL was based on bright liver imaging from ultrasonography.Result. There were 48 subjects consist of 23 subjects with NAFL and 25 subjects without NAFL. Mean of leptin level in NAFL group was higher than non NAFL group and this difference was statistically significant (20.29 + 15.73 ng/ml and 12.27 + 10.1 ng/ml; p=0.040).Conclusion. The conclusion of this study was leptin level significantly higher in non diabetic population with NAFL compared with non NAFL. Keywords: leptin, non diabetic, non alcoholic fatty liver ]]>
