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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27, No 04 (1995)" : 14 Documents clear
Factors influencing the survival of patients with end stage renal failure, who had been chronically hemodialyzed at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Suhardi, Suhardi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.544 KB)

Abstract

An observational study on factors influencing the survival of 40 patients with end stage renal failure, who had been chronically hemodialyzed at Sardjito General Hospital was performed. The major causes of end stage renal failure in these patients were: chronic glomerulonephritis (22 patients); Diabetes mellitus (9 patients); renal stones (5 patients) and miscellaneous (4 patients). Seventeen of those 40 patients had poor protein intake (42,5%) while the other 23 patients had sufficient protein intake. Patients having sufficient protein intake proved to have better survival than those having poor ones who died more in the first year from intractable congestive heart failure with sepsis. Meanwhile other factors such as the control of hypertension, causes of end stage renal failure and the age of patients were not proved to influence the patients survival. Survival rates of the patients with end stage renal failure who had chronic hemodialysis at Sardjito General Hospital from 1 January 1986 to 31 December 1991 was 62.2% in the first year and 45% in the second year. Most patients died in the first year from intractable congestive heart failure with sepsis, and might becaused by poor protein intake,Key words : end stage renal failure - chronic hemodialysis - protein intake - survival rate.
Hypophosphatemia in lung disease. Is there any cause and effect relationship ? Barmawi Hisyam, Barmawi Hisyam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.91 KB)

Abstract

Many reports showed that hypophosphatemia is prevalent in patients of lung disease with respiratory failure. Correction for hypophosphatemia may improve respiratory capacity, hence, morbidity and mortality. Serum phosphate levels may reflect intracelluler phosphate pool. A decrease in intracellular phosphate may implicate muscular adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) and red blood cell 2,3 di-phosphoglycerate (DPG) synthesis. Reduction in respiratory muscle ATP will reduce respiratory since ATP is the the source of energy for muscle contraction. Reduction in red blood cel 2,3 DPG will shift hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left that lead to the disturbance of oxygen extraction by the cells. Hypoxia may be resulted from those processes, therefore, recoils the poor capacity of the respiratory muscle. Underlying primary lung diseases may partly play a role in the genesis of hypophosphatemia. Drugs often used for the disease, such as corticosteroids, xathine identification and treatment of hypophosphatemia in lung disease with or without respiratory failure in order to improve morbidity and mortality of the patients.Keywords : hypophosphatemia - adenosine tri-phosphate - 2,3 di- phosphoglycerate - hypoxia – respiratory- failure 
False positive and specificity of anti-HIV-1 EL/SA kit : features, causative factors, and its confirmatory test Suwarso, Suwarso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

As screening tool for HIV-1 infection, anti HIV-1 ELISA kit with high sensitivity was proved to be very efficient. Because of its high sensitivity, the use of the kit to screen HIV-1 infection in low risk individuals or in seroprevalence study in population of non-endemic area will reduce its specificity. Therefore, there will be many false positive results which, in turn, will give psychosocial and economical impact to the individuals In question. To evaluate false positive results and specificity of anti HIV-1 kit, 1028 normal individuals with low risk of HIV-1 infection were studied. All positive results from HIV-1 ELISA kit confirmed with confirmative ELISA and Western-blot analysis. The results showed that HIV-1 ELISA kit gave false positive results of 1.17% and specificity of 98,38%. Ninety one point seven percent of false positive results had low-ODs ( 2 ODBP) and poor reproducibility value (8,3%). Seventy five percent of these false positive were from individuals aged 1-15 years and not related to gender as well as socioeconomical status. The probable causes of false positive results are endogenous factors in sera samples such as alteration of density of sera during storage, the presence of anti-granulocyte, anti-HLA, antibody to cultured lymphocyte h9/lllb, and polyclonal hyperglobulinemia. Confirmatory ELISA with antigen control had the same sensitivity and specificity as Western-blot. Therefore, ELISA with antigen control can be used for confirmation test of positive or questionable results obtained from anti HIV-1 ELISA. The kit is cheaper and faster, and is very practical to use, especially in laboratories equipped with ELISA system.Key Word : anti-HIV-1 ELISA - specificity - false positive - confirmatory ELISA - Western-blot.
Interactions of the immunocompetent cells in bronchial asthma Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo, Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The presence of immunocompetent cells in the respiratory tract and their cellular interactions are undoubtedly crucial, leading to the development of bronchial asthma in hypersensitive individuals. The cells comprise various populations, such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes, in which the T-cells are believed to play a central role. It has been demonstrated that CD4+ T-cells consist of CD45RO reactive population and CD45RA, each secreting different cytokines. In terms of cytokine pattern production, these T-cell subpopulations are similar, to those found in the murine system, i.e. TH1 and TH2 cells. The CD45RO+ IL-4 and IL-2 cells produce directly or indirectly that govern the proliferation and differentiation of B-cells to IgE-secreting plasma cells, by which IgE antibodies are responsible for the development of allergic type I reaction. In addition, the number of T-cells expressing activation markers, like IL-2R, VLA-1 and HLA-DR increases in the serum of asthmatic patients, as well as in their bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies. Moreover, the CD4+ T-cells produce IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 that induce mast cell differentiation and activation and recruitment of eosinophils. The function of dendritic cells and macrophages in antigen presentation to either naive or activated T-cells should be noted. Finally, immunologic-based therapy for the airways hyperreactivity may be proposed. This concept includes the regulation of certain cytokine production governing TH1 subpopulations, and by eliciting an optimal mucosal IgA response to down-regulate the production of IgE antibodies.Key Words: bronchial asthma - immunocompetent cell interactions - T-cell subpopulations - T-cell cytokines -                 mucosal IgA response
Culture of lymphocytes with a medium of green coconut juice Nur Anisah, Nur Anisah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The study was aimed at investigating whether there were any difference on lymphocyte growth in in vitro by using RPMI 1640 and green coconut juice as medium. Lymphocytes were collected from spleen and bone marrow of 8 weeks old albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were sacrificed, subsequently spleen and bone marrow were taken and prepared for single cell suspension. Cells were counted using vital dye (Tripan biru) at 5x106 cells/ml. Twenty petri dishes were used. Half of them were used for spleen and the rest for bone marrow cell culture. In every group of those cells, petri were divided into two groups. One group used RPMI 1640 and the other a green coconut juice. Every petri dish was filled with 2 ml of suspension in cell media. All of the petri dishes were incubated in the incubator at 37°C, 5% CO2 for seven days. After 48 hours and 72 hours culture cells were examined and the percentage of viable cells was counted. Analysis of the viable cells between lymphocyte culture and bone marrow cells using RPMI .1640 and a green coconut juice was compared using Students t-test and Anava. The results showed the increase of proliferation of viable cells from lymphocyte culture and bone marrow culture in both media hours were observed an after 72. As conclusion there is no significant difference between the growth of lymphocyte and bone marrow using RPMI 1640 and a green coconut juice (p>0,05).Key words: lymphocytes - cell culture - coconut juice - spleen cells - bone marrow cells
The effect of adenosin triphosphate in reducing duration of first stage of labour R. Soeharyono, R. Soeharyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

A double blind randomized clinical trial was done at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, to evaluate the effect of adenosin triphosphate (ATP) in reducing duration of first stage of labour and incidence of complicated labour. The subjects of the study were 100 normal parturients fulfilling the inclusions criteria of 20 to 30 years of age, parity less than 4, gestational age of 38 to 42 weeks, in a latent period with intact membranes and an estimated body weight of 2500 to 3500 gram. They were randomly allocated into treatment (50 cases) and control (50 cases) groups. The treatment group received 1 ampule ATP intramuscularly during the latent period of labour and was repeated in every 6 hours if the cervical dilatation had not completed yet. The control groups were given placebo of physiological saline solution in the same procedure. The duration of the first stage of labour was calculated from the onset of labour until fully dilatation of the cervix. Those with complicated labour pregnancy was terminated and was analyzed in a separate group. Other variables included in the analysis were age, parity, fertility states, hemoglobin concentration, nutritional states, and infant body weight. Among 100 parturients, 10 cases were terminated due to unprogress labour: of 3 cases from the treatment group and 7 other cases from control group. The adenosin triphosphate use could shorten the duration of first stage of labour by 1.5 ± 1.3 hours compared to the control group. Adenosin triphosphate was effective in reducing the duration of labour and the incidence of complicated labour.Key words: adenosin triphosphate (ATP) - first stage of labour - complicated labour
Intracranial ependymoma and its appearance on CT Scan. Arif Faisal, Arif Faisal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Intracranial ependymoma is an uncommon central nervous system neoplasms which happens in all age groups but has higher incidence occurring in the posterior fossa in infants and children. The location of the tumor is in the ventricle system, especially the fourth ventricle. Depending on its position to tentorium, the tumors can be divided into supratentorial and infratentorial. Hydrocephalus and calcifications usually occur in both types of tumors. Ependymomas have unspecific and varied appearance in density on computed tomography examination, but most of them are isodense. The supratentorial ependymoma tends to be hypodense, cystic-like lesion and enhanced (homogenous and nonhomogenous) after contrast, injection. The Infratentorial ependymoma are mostly hypodense and similar enhancement to supratentorial tumor. Treatments consist of surgical resection and radiotherapy, but the overall results are not very effective.Keywords : ependymoma - infratentorial tumor - supratentorial tumor - contrast enhancement
Factors influencing the survival of patients with end stage renal failure, who had been chronically hemodialyzed at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Suhardi Suhardi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.544 KB)

Abstract

An observational study on factors influencing the survival of 40 patients with end stage renal failure, who had been chronically hemodialyzed at Sardjito General Hospital was performed. The major causes of end stage renal failure in these patients were: chronic glomerulonephritis (22 patients); Diabetes mellitus (9 patients); renal stones (5 patients) and miscellaneous (4 patients). Seventeen of those 40 patients had poor protein intake (42,5%) while the other 23 patients had sufficient protein intake. Patients having sufficient protein intake proved to have better survival than those having poor ones who died more in the first year from intractable congestive heart failure with sepsis. Meanwhile other factors such as the control of hypertension, causes of end stage renal failure and the age of patients were not proved to influence the patients survival. Survival rates of the patients with end stage renal failure who had chronic hemodialysis at Sardjito General Hospital from 1 January 1986 to 31 December 1991 was 62.2% in the first year and 45% in the second year. Most patients died in the first year from intractable congestive heart failure with sepsis, and might becaused by poor protein intake,Key words : end stage renal failure - chronic hemodialysis - protein intake - survival rate.
Hypophosphatemia in lung disease. Is there any cause and effect relationship ? Barmawi Hisyam Barmawi Hisyam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.91 KB)

Abstract

Many reports showed that hypophosphatemia is prevalent in patients of lung disease with respiratory failure. Correction for hypophosphatemia may improve respiratory capacity, hence, morbidity and mortality. Serum phosphate levels may reflect intracelluler phosphate pool. A decrease in intracellular phosphate may implicate muscular adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) and red blood cell 2,3 di-phosphoglycerate (DPG) synthesis. Reduction in respiratory muscle ATP will reduce respiratory since ATP is the the source of energy for muscle contraction. Reduction in red blood cel 2,3 DPG will shift hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left that lead to the disturbance of oxygen extraction by the cells. Hypoxia may be resulted from those processes, therefore, recoils the poor capacity of the respiratory muscle. Underlying primary lung diseases may partly play a role in the genesis of hypophosphatemia. Drugs often used for the disease, such as corticosteroids, xathine identification and treatment of hypophosphatemia in lung disease with or without respiratory failure in order to improve morbidity and mortality of the patients.Keywords : hypophosphatemia - adenosine tri-phosphate - 2,3 di- phosphoglycerate - hypoxia – respiratory- failure 
Culture of lymphocytes with a medium of green coconut juice Nur Anisah Nur Anisah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (757.57 KB)

Abstract

The study was aimed at investigating whether there were any difference on lymphocyte growth in in vitro by using RPMI 1640 and green coconut juice as medium. Lymphocytes were collected from spleen and bone marrow of 8 weeks old albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were sacrificed, subsequently spleen and bone marrow were taken and prepared for single cell suspension. Cells were counted using vital dye (Tripan biru) at 5x106 cells/ml. Twenty petri dishes were used. Half of them were used for spleen and the rest for bone marrow cell culture. In every group of those cells, petri were divided into two groups. One group used RPMI 1640 and the other a green coconut juice. Every petri dish was filled with 2 ml of suspension in cell media. All of the petri dishes were incubated in the incubator at 37°C, 5% CO2 for seven days. After 48 hours and 72 hours culture cells were examined and the percentage of viable cells was counted. Analysis of the viable cells between lymphocyte culture and bone marrow cells using RPMI .1640 and a green coconut juice was compared using Student's t-test and Anava. The results showed the increase of proliferation of viable cells from lymphocyte culture and bone marrow culture in both media hours were observed an after 72. As conclusion there is no significant difference between the growth of lymphocyte and bone marrow using RPMI 1640 and a green coconut juice (p>0,05).Key words: lymphocytes - cell culture - coconut juice - spleen cells - bone marrow cells

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