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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 43, No 02 (2011)" : 30 Documents clear
Histocompatibility evaluation of combination of gypsum with carbonated hydroxyapatite as bone substitutes in subcutaneous tissue Ika Dewi Ana, Dyah Listyarifah Rina Susilowati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (221.98 KB)

Abstract

Combination of gypsum with carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) has shown to improve bone healing process. Softtissue biocompatibility test is required prior to clinical application of bone substitutes since the materials contactwith the soft tissues upon application and can cause severe inflammatory response. The aim of this study was toevaluate histocompatibility of gypsum compared to combination of gypsum-CHA in subcutaneous tissue. Disks ofgypsum and gypsum-CHA were implanted on paravertebral subcutaneous tissue of 25 male Wistar rats. Histologicalsection were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin then evaluated and scored with a histological grading scale for softtissueimplants. A two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the histomorphometrical results with 95% confidenceinterval (p<0.05). The results showed that acute inflammatory cells were found in both groups at 6 hour and on day5 and 7 after implantation at similar level. Chronic inflammatory cells and capsule were observed on day 7, 14, and21. Moreover, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) of histomorphometrics score between both implants ineach implantation periods. It could be concluded that histocompatibility level of gypsum and combination of gypsum-CHA to soft tissue was the same until day 21 iof mplantation.Key words: gypsum - carbonated hydroxyapatite – biocompatibility – histocompatibility - subcutaneous implant
Risk factors related to malaria incidence at Santu’un village, Tabalong District, South Kalimantan Province Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, Junus Widjaja Supargiyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.9 KB)

Abstract

Santu’un Village is one of malaria endemic areas in Muara Uya Sub district, Tabalong District, South KalimantanProvince, Indonesia. Annual Parasite Incidences (APIs) from 2007 to 2009 were 11.4, 82.9, and 25.8‰ respectively.The majority of Muara Uya population are rubber tappers, gold miners and loggers in the forest. Moreover, most ofthe Muara Uya population do not use mosquito nets when sleeping at night. These occupations and communityhabits may contribute in high malaria incidence in Muara Uya. However, study concerning risk factor of malaria hasnot been performed yet. The study was conducted in order to evaluate risk factors that might correlate with malariaincidence in Santu’un village, Muara Uya subdistrict. Two hundred and ninety one subjects were enrolled in thisstudy. Those consisted of 70 people whom microscopically malaria positive and 221 people whom malaria negative.Household visits were conducted to each subject to perform interviews. Data collection of malaria risk factors wasobtained using questionaire. The results indicated that three main occupations, loggers, gold miners and rubbertapper, were significantly represent risk factors of malaria incidence. The community habits that also significantlycorrelated with malaria incidence were the not using of mosquito repellents and not using bed nets. Two clusteringcases were also observed during the year of 2010. The coordinate of the first cluster was 1.863500 S and 115.606700E with diameter of 0.65 km and the coordinate of the second cluster was 1.838667 S and 115.607200 E withdiameter of 0.67 km. In conclusion, in Santu’un village, the risk factor that correlated with the malaria incidencewere loggers, gold miners, rubber tappers. In addition the not using of mosquito repellents and not using bed netswere also risk factors of malaria incidence.Key words: malaria -risk factors-annual parasite incidence-Muara Uya-South Kalimantan
A comparison study on the blood transfusion reaction between the elective and the emergency operation’s patients Ishandono Dachlan, Hidayati Samsiarah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (161.226 KB)

Abstract

Blood transfusion is principally a process of transferring blood or blood components from one individual (the donor) toanother individual (the recipient). Blood transfusion can be either a life saving condition or a life threatening situation dueto the complications happened. Therefore, blood transfusion should be conducted with clear and accurate indication inorder to obtain a condition in which the advantages outweighs the disadvantages. The aim of this study was to evaluatethe differences of the blood transfusion reactions between the patients underwent the emergency surgery with theelective surgery. This was a cross sectional study using data from the medical records from January to December 2009and from the observation on blood transfusion patients from January to May 2010. Data were analyzed using independentt-test, Chi-square test or the logistic regression, with 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Two hundred and sixty eightdata from medical records and directly observation on blood transfusion patients were obtained during the study. Thewere significant differences of patient reactions after blood transfusion on both types of operation and blood componentstransferred (p<0.05).The transfusion reactions were more frequent in emergency surgery (54.9%) compared withelective surgery (30.5%). Based on types of blood component transfered, the transfusion reaction was more frequentafter Whole Blood/WB transfusion (84.9%) compared with Packed Red Cell/PRC transfusion (25.1%) and Fresh FrozenPlasma/FFP transfusion (25%). The types of operation and blood products had been proven to be the risk factors in bloodtransfusion. Moreover the blood products contributed more in the transfusion reactions compared with the types ofoperation (p<0.05). Amount of transfused blood based on haemoglobin correction formula on both the emergency orelective operations was not significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, blood transfusion reactions happened morefrequently in emergency surgery than elective surgery. The WB also generated transfusion reaction more frequently thanthe PRC. The amount of blood required based on hemoglobin correction formula for most patients was similar to the bloodtransfused.Key words: blood transfusion-type of operation-transfusion reaction - whole blood-haemoboglobin correction formula
Cranial unifocal langerhans cell histiocytosis in a female child: a difficult case with S-100 and CD1a immunonegativity Soeripto, J Bras, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce Sagiri Mangunsudirdjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (355.903 KB)

Abstract

A 13-years old female child was carried to Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta by her mother with chiefcomplaint of a mass on her forehead. Since eight months prior to her visiting, she had a mass on her forehead whichbecame larger slowly without tenderness and had no fever. Clinical examination revealed a well circumscribedmass, 3 cm in diameter, fixed, with rubbery consistency. The skull X-ray revealed a punch out lesion in frontal bone.The head CT scanning revealed a destruction of frontal bone. Clinical diagnosis of dermoid cyst was determined,excision and curettage was performed. Gross examination showed 2.5 cc fragmented tissue, brownish yellow, withrubbery consistency. A diagnosis of benign histiocytosis (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or non-Langerhans cellhistiocytosis) of frontal bone was determined based on morphological and immunohistochemical examination. Theaim of this presented article was to report a rare case of cranial unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a femalechild with S-100 and CD1a immunonegativity, and to discuss how to determine its diagnosis based on literaturereview.Key words: Langerhans cell histiocytosis - juvenile xanthogranuloma – reticulohistiocytoma - eosinophilic granuloma– S100 – CD1a
Active compounds isolated from red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) leaves active against Streptococcus mutans through its inhibition effect on glucosyltransferase activity Mustofa, Rima Erviana Setyo Purwono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.83 KB)

Abstract

Dental caries is a major problem of dental health in Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that can causecaries. In this recent time, the agents used to eliminate the caries is less effective due to S. mutans resistance tothose agents. Moreover, the agents may produce side effects after 10 years of consumption.Therefore, effort tofind alternative agents against dental caries is needed. Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a promising naturalmaterial to treat dental caries. The P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav leaves contain secondary metabolites such as essentialoil, flavonoid, alkaloid, and phenolic compounds that active against S. mutans involved in caries formation. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the activity of secondary metabolites isolated from red betel leaves against S. mutans andits inhibition effect on the glucosyltransferase (GTF) activity. The growth inhibition test of S. mutans was carriedout with liquid dilution test and diffusion test. Cultures of S. mutans were treated with essential oil, alkaloid,flavonoid, phenolic compounds isolated from P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav in various concentration and incubated at 37OCin anaerob condition. Povidone iodine was used as positive control and aquadest as negative control. The inhibitiontest of GTF activity was performed by measuring the levels of formed fructose that was analyzed by Somogyinelsonmethod. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval.The results showedthat essential oil and alkaloid had lowest MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) compared with the other activecompounds (5000 μg/mL) but higher than povione iodine as positive control (2500 μg/mL). The essential oil exhibitedsimilar inhibition zone diameter compared with povidone iodine, either at low or high concentration (p>0.05). Theessential oil had similar inhibition activity to the glucosyltransferase compared with povidone iodine (p>0.05). Inconclusion, the essential oil of red betel leaves had the strongest activity against the S. mutans growth through itsinhibition effect on GTF activity.Key words : red betel (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) – antibacterial - S. mutans – essential oil - glucosyltransferase
Histocompatibility evaluation of combination of gypsum with carbonated hydroxyapatite as bone substitutes in subcutaneous tissue Dyah Listyarifah Rina Susilowati Ika Dewi Ana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (221.98 KB)

Abstract

Combination of gypsum with carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) has shown to improve bone healing process. Softtissue biocompatibility test is required prior to clinical application of bone substitutes since the materials contactwith the soft tissues upon application and can cause severe inflammatory response. The aim of this study was toevaluate histocompatibility of gypsum compared to combination of gypsum-CHA in subcutaneous tissue. Disks ofgypsum and gypsum-CHA were implanted on paravertebral subcutaneous tissue of 25 male Wistar rats. Histologicalsection were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin then evaluated and scored with a histological grading scale for softtissueimplants. A two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the histomorphometrical results with 95% confidenceinterval (p<0.05). The results showed that acute inflammatory cells were found in both groups at 6 hour and on day5 and 7 after implantation at similar level. Chronic inflammatory cells and capsule were observed on day 7, 14, and21. Moreover, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) of histomorphometrics score between both implants ineach implantation periods. It could be concluded that histocompatibility level of gypsum and combination of gypsum-CHA to soft tissue was the same until day 21 iof mplantation.Key words: gypsum - carbonated hydroxyapatite – biocompatibility – histocompatibility - subcutaneous implant
Agreement between pediatrician and trained paramedic in the assessment of gestational age among newborns using New Ballard Scored Henky Sulistyo Djauhar Ismail Tunjung Wibowo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (130.683 KB)

Abstract

Accurate gestational age assessment is important in newborn examination to determine further management. Oneof methods to estimate newborn gestation is New Ballard Score (NBS). With limited number of pediatrician especiallyin remote areas, it is expected trained paramedic will be able to perform NBS examination properly. The aim of thisstudy was to assess whether there is agreement between pediatricians and trained paramedics in determiningnewborn gestational age using NBS. This was a cross sectional study. Ballard scoring was performed by pediatriciansand trained paramedics in Dentatama Mother and Child Hospital, Sragen Distric, Central Java, Indonesia fromFebruary-May 2008. Statistical analysis was performed using intraclass correlation. This study was performed in175 newborns those consisted of 55.4% males and 44.6% females. From those newborns, 30.3% were deliveredby caesarian section, and 10.3% were premature baby. Majority of Ballard score examination (69.7%) was performedin 2nd day. According to intraclass correlation, there was a very strong correlation agreement between pediatriciansand trained paramedics (r=0.925 and p<0.05). The result of Ballard score examination that close to gold standardthose which were performed at 48-96 hours of age (r=0.993 and p<0.05). In conclusion, there was a goodagreement between pediatricians and trained paramedics in assessing newborn gestational age using NBS.Key words: Ballard score - trained paramedic - newborn – pedriatician - hospital
A comparison study on the blood transfusion reaction between the elective and the emergency operation’s patients Hidayati Samsiarah Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (161.226 KB)

Abstract

Blood transfusion is principally a process of transferring blood or blood components from one individual (the donor) toanother individual (the recipient). Blood transfusion can be either a life saving condition or a life threatening situation dueto the complications happened. Therefore, blood transfusion should be conducted with clear and accurate indication inorder to obtain a condition in which the advantages outweighs the disadvantages. The aim of this study was to evaluatethe differences of the blood transfusion reactions between the patients underwent the emergency surgery with theelective surgery. This was a cross sectional study using data from the medical records from January to December 2009and from the observation on blood transfusion patients from January to May 2010. Data were analyzed using independentt-test, Chi-square test or the logistic regression, with 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Two hundred and sixty eightdata from medical records and directly observation on blood transfusion patients were obtained during the study. Thewere significant differences of patient reactions after blood transfusion on both types of operation and blood componentstransferred (p<0.05).The transfusion reactions were more frequent in emergency surgery (54.9%) compared withelective surgery (30.5%). Based on types of blood component transfered, the transfusion reaction was more frequentafter Whole Blood/WB transfusion (84.9%) compared with Packed Red Cell/PRC transfusion (25.1%) and Fresh FrozenPlasma/FFP transfusion (25%). The types of operation and blood products had been proven to be the risk factors in bloodtransfusion. Moreover the blood products contributed more in the transfusion reactions compared with the types ofoperation (p<0.05). Amount of transfused blood based on haemoglobin correction formula on both the emergency orelective operations was not significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, blood transfusion reactions happened morefrequently in emergency surgery than elective surgery. The WB also generated transfusion reaction more frequently thanthe PRC. The amount of blood required based on hemoglobin correction formula for most patients was similar to the bloodtransfused.Key words: blood transfusion-type of operation-transfusion reaction - whole blood-haemoboglobin correction formula
Risk factors related to malaria incidence at Santu’un village, Tabalong District, South Kalimantan Province Junus Widjaja Supargiyono Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.9 KB)

Abstract

Santu’un Village is one of malaria endemic areas in Muara Uya Sub district, Tabalong District, South KalimantanProvince, Indonesia. Annual Parasite Incidences (APIs) from 2007 to 2009 were 11.4, 82.9, and 25.8‰ respectively.The majority of Muara Uya population are rubber tappers, gold miners and loggers in the forest. Moreover, most ofthe Muara Uya population do not use mosquito nets when sleeping at night. These occupations and communityhabits may contribute in high malaria incidence in Muara Uya. However, study concerning risk factor of malaria hasnot been performed yet. The study was conducted in order to evaluate risk factors that might correlate with malariaincidence in Santu’un village, Muara Uya subdistrict. Two hundred and ninety one subjects were enrolled in thisstudy. Those consisted of 70 people whom microscopically malaria positive and 221 people whom malaria negative.Household visits were conducted to each subject to perform interviews. Data collection of malaria risk factors wasobtained using questionaire. The results indicated that three main occupations, loggers, gold miners and rubbertapper, were significantly represent risk factors of malaria incidence. The community habits that also significantlycorrelated with malaria incidence were the not using of mosquito repellents and not using bed nets. Two clusteringcases were also observed during the year of 2010. The coordinate of the first cluster was 1.863500 S and 115.606700E with diameter of 0.65 km and the coordinate of the second cluster was 1.838667 S and 115.607200 E withdiameter of 0.67 km. In conclusion, in Santu’un village, the risk factor that correlated with the malaria incidencewere loggers, gold miners, rubber tappers. In addition the not using of mosquito repellents and not using bed netswere also risk factors of malaria incidence.Key words: malaria -risk factors-annual parasite incidence-Muara Uya-South Kalimantan
Active compounds isolated from red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) leaves active against Streptococcus mutans through its inhibition effect on glucosyltransferase activity Rima Erviana Setyo Purwono Mustofa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.83 KB)

Abstract

Dental caries is a major problem of dental health in Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that can causecaries. In this recent time, the agents used to eliminate the caries is less effective due to S. mutans resistance tothose agents. Moreover, the agents may produce side effects after 10 years of consumption.Therefore, effort tofind alternative agents against dental caries is needed. Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a promising naturalmaterial to treat dental caries. The P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav leaves contain secondary metabolites such as essentialoil, flavonoid, alkaloid, and phenolic compounds that active against S. mutans involved in caries formation. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the activity of secondary metabolites isolated from red betel leaves against S. mutans andits inhibition effect on the glucosyltransferase (GTF) activity. The growth inhibition test of S. mutans was carriedout with liquid dilution test and diffusion test. Cultures of S. mutans were treated with essential oil, alkaloid,flavonoid, phenolic compounds isolated from P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav in various concentration and incubated at 37OCin anaerob condition. Povidone iodine was used as positive control and aquadest as negative control. The inhibitiontest of GTF activity was performed by measuring the levels of formed fructose that was analyzed by Somogyinelsonmethod. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval.The results showedthat essential oil and alkaloid had lowest MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) compared with the other activecompounds (5000 μg/mL) but higher than povione iodine as positive control (2500 μg/mL). The essential oil exhibitedsimilar inhibition zone diameter compared with povidone iodine, either at low or high concentration (p>0.05). Theessential oil had similar inhibition activity to the glucosyltransferase compared with povidone iodine (p>0.05). Inconclusion, the essential oil of red betel leaves had the strongest activity against the S. mutans growth through itsinhibition effect on GTF activity.Key words : red betel (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) – antibacterial - S. mutans – essential oil - glucosyltransferase

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