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Usman Malik
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 usman.malik@lecturer.unri.ac.id
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kfi@ejournal.unri.ac.id
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Jurusan FMIPA Universitas Riau Kampus Bina Widya Km 12,5 Simpang Baru Pekanbaru
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INDONESIA
Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 14122960     EISSN : 2579521X     DOI : 10.31258/jkfi
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
KFI mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian dan review pada bidang fisika, namun tidak terbatas, yang meliputi fisika murni, geofisika, plasma, optik dan fotonik, instrumentasi, dan elektronika, dan fisika terapan (aplikasi fisika).
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 1 (2024)" : 15 Documents clear
Classification of maturity levels of oil palm fresh fruit bunches using LED-based multispectral imaging methods and principal component analysis Mohammad Fisal Rabin; Minarni Shiddiq; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi; Ihsan Okta Harmailil; Ramdani Ramdani; Dedi Permana
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.91-98

Abstract

Multispectral imaging (MSI) is one of the optical methods used for the classification of fruits and vegetables based on ripeness levels. MSI is simpler than hyperspectral imaging due to fewer wavelength bands used hence less processing time. In this study, MSI is used to classify the ripeness of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB). The MSI system consists of three main components, namely a VIS-NIR camera, a camera lens, an LED array, and a current control unit. The use of the LED array as a light source in the MSI system aims to minimize the use of bandwidth filters. The LEDs used are arranged in a circular pattern with 8 wavelengths, namely 680, 700, 750, 780, 810, 850, 880, and 900 nm. FFB samples were recorded using the MSI system and then processed using Python language to obtain relative reflectance intensity values. The purposes of this research are to analyze the relationship between relative reflectance intensity and wavelength and to classify the ripeness level of oil palm FFB using principal component analysis (PCA). We used two categories of ripeness, unripe and ripe FFBs.The results of the PCA analysis showed that the classification carried out was able to group into two levels of ripenesses with a total variant percentage value for PC1 and PC2 of 90.95%.
Identify coal distribution based on resistivity values using the Wenner configuration geoelectric method in Petai Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi Regency Hijrah Septia Anisa; Usman Malik; Krisman Sabar; Sherly Mutiara
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.73-78

Abstract

Research has been conducted on the distribution of coal using the Wenner configuration electric resistivity method. This research was conducted in Petai Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province. Data were collected using a resistivity meter. The data obtained are current data and potential differences. Data processing using Res2Dinv software whose result is in the form of resistivity of subsurface 2D images. The resistivity value of rocks on track 1 ranges from 28 – 23,584 Ωm with a depth of up to 12.4 meters. The resulting layers on track one include sand, sandstone, and conglomerate rocks. The resistivity values of the second trajectory range from 12.2 – 17,447 Ωm with a depth of up to 12.4 meters. The first layer has resistivity values ranging from 12.2 – 97.4 Ωm identifying the presence of sand. A second layer with resistivity values ranging from 97.4 – 275 Ωm identified the presence of anthracite-grade coal. A third layer with a resistivity value of 776 – 2,191 Ωm identified the presence of sandstone. A fourth layer with resistivity values 6,182 – 17,447 Ωm identified the presence of conglomerate rocks. The result of the interpretation of tracks one and two is that the distribution of coal is found on the second trajectory with a distribution pattern to the east.  The distribution of coal spreads laterally on the trajectory of two research sites.
Analysis of temperature patterns in Pekanbaru City using fractals and artificial neural networks based on monthly temperature data Reynal Nur Razzaq; Defrianto Defrianto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.79-90

Abstract

Climate and global warming play a crucial role in the lives of living organisms on Earth. Temperature, varying in each region, is a vital aspect in climate observation. This study analyzed temperature fluctuations in Pekanbaru from 2016 to 2022 using fractal analysis and backpropagation artificial neural networks. The research findings revealed that temperature prediction with backpropagation artificial neural networks was quite accurate. However, errors during testing or validation could impact the comparison with the target values. Fractal analysis indicated a persistent tendency in temperature fluctuations in Pekanbaru, with a Hurst exponent of 0.7993 and a fractal dimension of 1.2007. Nevertheless, temperature fluctuations were also influenced by other factors, leading to varying levels of stability over certain periods. Thus, the temperature in Pekanbaru can be considered a complex system with diverse fluctuation patterns and varying levels of complexity.
Laser as a tool to measure the diameter of goat hair (Capra aegagrus hircus) Rani Rahmawati; Widi Komariah; Helmina Pebriyanti; Dedeh Sukmawati; Siti Rusmiati; Retno Nopita; Eko Sujarwanto
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.1-6

Abstract

Measuring the diameter of objects that have dimensions less than 1/100 mm has a high degree of difficulty. The use of a micrometer is still not able to make these measurements. One way that can be used is to use the concept of diffraction. The purpose of this study was to measure the diameter of goat hair using the concept of diffraction. The tools used are a laser with a red wavelength, a screen, support, and specimens of goat hair. Measurements were taken three times with results of 13.9 × 10-5, 11 × 10-5, and 8 × 10-5 m. The diameter values obtained from this experiment are still within the diameter range of mammalian hair, which is on the order of 10-5 m. Based on this experimental activity, it can also be seen that hair can be used to demonstrate the phenomenon of diffraction due to the characteristics of hair being filamentous and has a diameter close to the wavelength of light from a laser, so that it can produce a diffraction pattern when light is passed through the laser.
Effect of calorific value on the burning rate of coconut shell briquettes and teak wood powder Nur Aisah Sagala; Ety Jumiati; Ridwan Yusuf Lubis
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.41-44

Abstract

Biomass energy can be utilized inside, particularly in coconut shells with pine gum and teak sawdust as an elective fuel that is harmless to the ecosystem. To deliver charcoal briquettes from teak wood sawdust and coconut shells, this study endeavored to decide the qualities, impacts, and structure of varieties in pine tar cement. Pine resin adhesive is mixed with teak sawdust and coconut shells in a ratio of 80% to 20%, with variations of 30%, 40%, and 50%. For briquettes, utilize a size of 5 × 5 × 5 cm3. The aftereffects of the briquette test which delivered ideal qualities were gotten in example C with a warming worth of 31.073l J/gram and a consuming pace of 1,3697 g/minute according to SNI-01-6235-2000 and close to standard.
Identification of hot springs in Sungai Pinang using the Schlumberger configuration geoelectric method Lily Wandari; Usman Malik
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.67-72

Abstract

One of the hot spring tourist attractions in Riau Province is Sungai Pinang Village, Hulu Kuantan District, Kuantan Singingi Regency. The geothermal system at that location originates from a geological structure where faults and fractures are pathways for the transfer of geothermal fluids, so it is necessary to identify hot springs. This study aimed to determine the resistivity value of rock layers and to find out the test results for hot water sample content using pH and temperature parameters. The method used is the Schlumberger configuration geoelectric method. Data processing was carried out using progress software with the one-dimensional data type. The resistivity value of the rocks obtained in line 1 has a resistivity range of 39.77 – 594.04 Ωm with a depth of 0 – 23.02 m. Track 2 has resistivity values ranging from 28.41 – 2585.18 Ωm with a depth of 0.29 – 1.06 m. Track 3 has resistivity values ranging from 2.76 – 856.53 Ωm with a depth of 0 – 7.82 m. Interpretation results on tracks 1 and 2 found no hot water because the track's position is far from the hot springs. Hot water is found on track 3 with depths ranging from 0 – 0.04 m and 3.76 – 7.82 m.
Effectiveness of adding ZnO thin films to metamaterial structures as sensors Saktioto Saktioto; Yan Soerbakti; Ari Sulistyo Rini; Budi Astuti; Erman Taer; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi; Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha; Sofia Anita; Yolanda Rati
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.13-24

Abstract

Metamaterials are artificial materials with the characteristics of a negative refractive index and high resonance sensitivity. Advanced engineering in metamaterials can realize great potential in combination with zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor materials, which can increase the efficiency of sensor technology compared to other conventional material models. This research aims to investigate the optical properties and develop an invention for a hybrid sensor media based on a split ring resonator (SRR) metamaterial structure integrated with a thin layer of ZnO. The research methodology was carried out by simulation by designing and characterizing SRR metamaterials which were designed with variations in SRR patterns, geometry, substrate materials, unit cell configurations, and variations in the thickness of the ZnO thin layer. Geometry characterization of SRR metamaterials was carried out using the Nicolson-Ross-Weir electromagnetic (EM) field function approach, specifically the optical parameters permittivity, permeability, and refractive index. They are optimizing the performance of hybrid sensor components based on metamaterials and ZnO thin films using the GHz scale EM field function approach, especially in the reflection, transmission, and absorption spectrum. Analysis of metamaterial characteristics identifies the optical properties of permittivity, permeability, and negative refractive index which are increased and optimized from the thin layer integration model 200 nm thick ZnO in the SRR metamaterial structure with a 3×3 square pattern configuration at a resonance frequency of 1.889 GHz. The performance of the hybrid sensor media provides a resonant frequency of three equal bandwidths in the frequency range 2.89 – 3.52, 5.28 – 6.54, and 7.57 – 8.46 GHz. In addition, the highest absorption spectrum of 73% is at a frequency of ~8 GHz.
IoT-based noise measuring tool with FC-04 sound sensor for polyurethane dampening materials Vicha Indriany; Masthura Masthura; Nazaruddin Nasution
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.33-40

Abstract

Increased noise caused by human and industrial activities can cause health problems, such as stress, affecting sleep quality, and having negative effects on long-term health, usually such as hearing problems, high blood pressure, and depression. This study aims to make a noise-measuring instrument, examine the comparison of the results of sound intensity level measurements, and examine the damping ability of polyurethane. The sensor used in this study is the FC-04 sound sensor which functions as a sound intensity level meter that works by changing the sound scale to an electrical quantity. The data that has been obtained is a comparison of the measurement results using the factory standard sound level meter (SLM) and an artificial noise measuring instrument which is analyzed using the calculation of the percent deviation. As for the measurement data of the damper material polyurethane before and after, analyzed using reduction effectiveness calculations. The results of measuring the sound intensity level using the factory standard SLM and an artificial noise meter obtained an average value of the sound intensity level of 72.67 dB and 67.77 dB. From the results of the two measuring instruments, the percentage deviation of the measuring instrument is 6.7% with minimum and maximum percentage deviation values of 3.1% and 11.7%. The results of the measurement of the reduction effectiveness value of the damper material polyurethane using factory standard SLM and artificial noise measurement tools of 14.7% and 14.8%.
Design an automatic trash can using the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller Anggi Kumala Dwi; Mulkan Iskandar Nasution; Nazaruddin Nasution
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.45-50

Abstract

Garbage is one of the biggest problems faced by many cities in the world, the lack of awareness to dispose of waste in its place causes waste to scatter and pollute the surrounding environment. This research aims to design an automatic trash bin based on the Arduino microcontroller and to find out how the automatic trash can works with the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The design of this system uses Arduino Uno. The results of the input and output tests show that the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor has a low error rate of 1.2% at a distance of 25 cm and a high of 6% at a distance of 10 cm. The trash can opens the lid automatically at > 30 cm to detect the capacity of waste that has been disposed of into the trash container with a height of 20 cm., the proximity sensor will detect the type of waste being disposed of, and the LCD will display the type of waste that will be disposed of and the servo motor will activate the mechanical system of this device. If the trash can is full, a warning will be sent via the buzzer and the SIM800L GSM module via SMS. The working system of the automatic trash can as a whole can work well according to the design that has been made.
Potential of palm frond waste as a basic material for making porous activated carbon Novi Yanti; Pharada Kresna; Muhammad Nasir; Rakhmawati Farma; Lilik Tri Hardanto; Rika Taslim; Erman Taer
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.1.99-108

Abstract

Palm frond waste (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has been successfully processed as a raw material in the manufacture of porous activated carbon through the development of tools and methods. Preparation of raw materials, drying, pre-carbonization using an energy-efficient furnace, washing, integrated pyrolysis (N2/H2O), neutralization, and conversion of carbon powder into monolith coins are the general steps for making porous activated carbon. The focus of this research lies in increasing the production of activated carbon from a laboratory scale to an industrial scale through efficiency in all aspects of production. Precarbonization and pyrolysis are important stages in increasing the scale of activated carbon production. Currently, the conversion of biomass waste into carbon is still on a laboratory scale, namely by using an electric oven which is not time efficient, not economical and not energy efficient. Increasing the scale of pre-carbonization is carried out by replacing the use of electric ovens with modified energy-saving furnaces that can increase carbon production up to 74% in a very efficient time. Furthermore, the physical activation stage (pyrolysis) is carried out in a water vapor (H2O) environment and without the addition of chemicals as activating agents, of course it is more economical and environmentally friendly. This scale-up is the main key in the development of porous carbon which has high potential for application as a component in energy storage devices, namely electrodes in supercapacitors. Through these results it is known that the fronds of palm leaves have great potential as a basic material for making sustainable activated carbon to be forwarded to an industrial scale.

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