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Insignia: Journal of International Relations
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 20891962     EISSN : 25979868     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Insignia Journal of International Relations is published biannually (April & November) by Laboratorium of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University. This journal contains articles or publications from all issues of International Relations such as: International Politics, Foreign Policy, Security Studies, International Political Economy, Transnational Studies, Area Studies & Non-traditional Issues.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025" : 5 Documents clear
Energy Issues as an Influence Factor in the Moro Conflict in Southern Philippines Musdalifah, Musdalifah; Sagena, Uni W.
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.1.14775

Abstract

This study discusses the crucial role of energy security factors in the protracted conflict between the Moro Muslim groups and the Philippine government. The primary reason for conducting this research is to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the strategic dimension of natural resources, particularly energy, which is often overlooked in conflict analyses that focus on political, social, religious, and cultural aspects. This research employs energy security theory as an analytical lens to examine how issues such as land grabbing and competition for control over natural resources in Mindanao contribute to the escalation or potential resolution of the conflict. Furthermore, this study identifies specific energy-related factors that exacerbate tensions, including resource competition, the economic impact of the conflict on the energy sector, and the role of international actors. Utilizing a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis methods through case studies and secondary data from various credible sources such as the official websites of BARMM, PIDS, and PSA, this research is expected to make a significant contribution to the field of International Relations by highlighting the interconnectedness between energy security and armed conflict. The findings of this study have the potential to enrich the theoretical understanding of how energy dynamics shape the conflict landscape and inform the development of more effective strategies for achieving energy stability and peace in conflict-affected regions. Keywords: energy, Mindanao, Moro conflict, Philippines Government
The Environmental Security and International Relations: The Case of Citarum River Water Pollution Djelantik, Sukawarsini
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.1.14849

Abstract

Environmental security as part of human security is a very significant global issue. Environment security became the concern of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) achievement, namely securing the source of ground water which is an important problem in developing countries. This paper analyses the Citarum River, the longest river in West Java, Indonesia, which is heavily polluted due to various economic activities along the riverbanks. The process of industrialization, development and demands to meet the needs of life, as well as population growth have not succeeded in maintaining the river as a source of life. Economic interests and various political conflicts were unable to maintain environmental sustainability. The river pollution comes from factory waste operating along the river, without a process through the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP). The research would focus on the government securitization programs in Citarum River, by implementing four components of securitization namely referent objects, scope, mean, and actors. The analysis observed various government efforts and private sectors to restore the river. The research started in 2000, which is the beginning of “Citarum Harum” restoration until the end of the program in January 2025. The research found that securitisation efforts failed due to three issues; the corruption, collusion and nepotism (CCN) issues, lack of law enforcement, and weakness of bureaucracy and leadership. As a conclusion, various securitisation efforts need to be carried out more firmly and earnestly by providing adequate legal sanctions for the perpetrators of environmental damage. Keywords: security, environment security, Citarum River, restoration
Joe Biden's Efforts to Restore and Expand the Scope of DACA in the United States During the 2020–2024 Period Ardelia, Putri; Hikmawan, Rizky
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.1.14884

Abstract

Abstract Immigration is a multifaceted issue that significantly impacts various areas. In a lot of developed countries, such as the U.S., this causes a new problem, which is illegal immigration. As an effort to eliminate this issue, the U.S. has implemented the DREAM Act in 2001, followed by DACA in 2012, which was created by Obama, that aims to protect illegal immigrants who came to the U.S. as children. However, DACA faced significant challenges when Trump became president and attempted to repeal DACA and successfully made changes to the policy. Biden, as Trump’s successor, adopted a different approach to the issue of illegal immigration, seeking to restore and expand the scope of DACA. With this in mind, this study aims to analyze and evaluate Biden's efforts to restore and expand DACA during the 2020–2024 period, using Lee & Anderson's immigration policy framework, particularly regarding the policy process. John Rourke's five idiosyncratic indicators to assess the obstacles Biden faced in restoring and expanding DACA's scope. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with secondary data and data analysis. The findings indicate that Biden's efforts. Such as the codification of DACA, the Build Back Better Bill, the U.S. Citizenship Act of 2021, and providing ACA access to Dreamers, were hindered by Congressional disagreement, court rulings, and Biden's idiosyncratic factors, such as personality, physical and mental health, ego, experience, and the reality not aligning with his agenda. Keywords: DACA, Joe Biden, illegal immigrants Abstrak Imigrasi merupakan isu yang kompleks dan berdampak signifikan pada berbagai bidang. Di banyak negara maju, seperti AS, hal ini menimbulkan isu baru, yaitu imigrasi ilegal. Sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, AS telah menerapkan DREAM Act pada tahun 2001, dilanjutkan oleh DACA pada tahun 2012 yang dibuat oleh Obama, yang bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada imigran ilegal yang datang ke AS sebagai anak-anak. Namun, DACA menghadapi tantangan besar ketika Trump menjadi Presiden dan berusaha menghapus DACA serta berhasil membuat perubahan terhadap kebijakan tersebut. Biden, sebagai penerus Trump, mengadopsi pendekatan yang berbeda terhadap isu imigrasi ilegal, dengan berupaya untuk merestorasi dan memperluas cakupan DACA. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi upaya Biden merestorasi dan memperluas DACA pada periode 2020–2024, dengan menggunakan konsep kebijakan imigrasi Lee & Anderson, terutama mengenai proses kebijakan, dan lima indikator idiosinkratik Rourke untuk mengevaluasi hambatan yang dihadapi Biden dalam merestorasi dan memperluas cakupan DACA. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan data sekunder, serta analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya Biden, seperti kodifikasi DACA, RUU Build Back Better, U.S. Citizenship Act 2021, dan pemberian akses ACA kepada Dreamers, terhambat oleh ketidaksetujuan Kongres dan putusan pengadilan, serta faktor idiosinkratik dari Biden, seperti kepribadian, kondisi fisik dan mental, ego, pengalaman, dan realita yang tidak sesuai dengan agendanya. Kata kunci: DACA, Joe Biden, imigrasi ilegal
Examining The Influence Between Governance Quality and Hunger Levels in African Countries 1998-2022 Kristiana, Dinda Maria
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.1.15099

Abstract

Abstract Hunger is one of the persistent problems in Africa. One of the key factors contributing to the ongoing hunger crisis in Africa is the poor quality of governance in its countries. The better the quality of governance, the better the level of democracy within a country. This study aims to identify the influence of good governance on hunger levels in African countries from 1998–2022. Good governance is assessed using six indicators from the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), which include Voice and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law, and Control of Corruption. This study employs a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis to explore the relationship between each WGI indicator and hunger levels, measured using the Global Hunger Index (GHI). The research hypothesis suggests that all WGI indicators significantly influence hunger levels in African countries. However, the results reveal that not all WGI indicators have a significant impact on hunger levels in these countries. Keywords: Africa, Good Governance, Hunger Abstrak Kelaparan adalah salah satu masalah berkepanjangan yang terjadi di Afrika. Salah satu hal yang menyebabkan masalah kelaparan bisa terus terjadi di Afrika adalah buruknya kualitas pemerintah di negara-negara Afrika. Semakin baik kualitas suatu pemerintahan, maka semakin baik pula tingkat demokrasi yang ada di negara tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh good governance terhadap tingkat kelaparan di negara-negara Afrika selama periode 1998–2022. Good governance dinilai menggunakan enam indikator dari Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) yang mencakup Voice and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law, dan Control of Corruption. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk mengeksplorasi keterkaitan antara masing-masing indikator WGI dan tingkat kelaparan yang diukur berdasarkan Global Hunger Index (GHI). Hipotesis penelitian mengatakan jika semua indikator dalam WGI berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kelaparan negara-negara Afrika namun hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan jika tidak semua indikator WGI berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kelaparan negara-negara Afrika. Kata kunci: Afrika, Kelaparan, Kualitas Pemerintah
Internalization of the Paris Agreement in Indonesia’s First Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) (2015–2022) Nurngaini, Dewi; Rohma, Masitoh Nur
Insignia: Journal of International Relations Vol 12 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.ins.2025.12.1.17280

Abstract

Abstract Climate change is a global challenge that affects various sectors and serves as the foundation for the establishment of the international Paris Agreement, which was adopted through the Conference of Parties (COP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This agreement was strongly advocated by Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations from 2007 to 2016. As one of the countries vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, Indonesia has decided to ratify the Paris Agreement and has made serious efforts to achieve its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) target, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These efforts have yielded positive results, with Indonesia gradually surpassing its emission reduction targets as reported by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) in 2022. This study examines the development of the Paris Agreement as a new international norm that influences Indonesia’s policies in addressing climate change impacts through the norm life cycle framework. This framework consists of three stages: norm emergence, norm cascade, and internalization. In this context, the Paris Agreement is viewed as an international norm initiated by the norm entrepreneur Ban Ki-Moon, who successfully encouraged Indonesia to ratify and implement it at the national level. This success is reflected in the internalization of the Paris Agreement into legal instruments that strengthen Indonesia’s commitment to achieving its NDC targets. This research applies a qualitative analytical method, drawing on secondary sources such as official government and organizational reports, journal articles, books, and other relevant references. Keywords: Indonesia’s carbon emissions, international regime, norm life cycle, Paris Agreement Abstrak Perubahan iklim merupakan tantangan global yang memengaruhi berbagai sektor dan menjadi landasan lahirnya kesepakatan internasional Paris Agreement, yang disepakati melalui Conference of Parties (COP) di bawah naungan United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Kesepakatan ini mendapat dorongan kuat dari Sekretaris Jenderal Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa periode 2007–2016, Ban Ki-Moon. Sebagai salah satu negara yang rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim, Indonesia memutuskan untuk meratifikasi Paris Agreement dan berupaya secara serius mencapai target Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) dalam menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Upaya ini menunjukkan hasil positif, di mana Indonesia secara bertahap mampu melampaui target penurunan emisi sebagaimana dilaporkan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) pada 2022. Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan Paris Agreement sebagai norma baru di tataran internasional yang memengaruhi kebijakan Indonesia dalam mengendalikan dampak perubahan iklim melalui kerangka norm life cycle. Kerangka ini mencakup tiga tahap, yakni norm emergence, norm cascade, dan internalization. Dalam konteks ini, Paris Agreement dipandang sebagai norma internasional yang digagas oleh norm entrepreneur Ban Ki-Moon, yang berhasil mendorong Indonesia untuk meratifikasi dan mengimplementasikannya di tingkat nasional. Keberhasilan tersebut tercermin dari proses internalisasi Paris Agreement ke dalam instrumen hukum yang memperkuat komitmen Indonesia dalam mencapai target NDC. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dengan sumber data dari laporan resmi pemerintah atau organisasi, artikel jurnal, buku, maupun sumber sekunder lain yang relevan. Kata kunci: emisi karbon Indonesia, norm life cycle, Paris Agreement, rezim internasional

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