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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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Articles 60 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 3 (2015)" : 60 Documents clear
The Relationship of Age, Parity and Body Mass Index as Risk Factors to the Incidence of Uterine Myoma in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Nurul Ilma; Dian Tjahyadi; Tina Dewi Judistiani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Uterine myoma is a benign gynecological tumor which is commonly occurred in women. The incidence of uterine myoma in the world is 20–35% while in Indonesia is about 2.4–11.7%. Age, parity, and body mass index are correlated with the incidence of uterine myoma. This study aimed to determine the relationship among those factors towards uterine myoma, and to identify the prognostic value of body mass index in order to prevent uterine myoma.Methods: A case-control study was conducted to examine 394 medical records of patients with uterine myoma at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2006 to 2011.  The case group were 133 and the control group were 261. The data were the subject’s weight, height, age, and parity. The correlation among all variable and the occurrence of uterine myomas were conducted using multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: There was no different range of age between the two groups. The incidence rate ratio of parity was 2.254 (95% confidence interval:1.310–3.876), followed by body mass index>33.0 incidence rate ratio was 1.691 (95% confidence interval: 0.477–5.994). From the receiver operating characteristic curve, it could be seen that the cut-off points for body mass index was 20.44 kg/m², and the risk of uterine myomas scaled up as the increase of body mass index.Conclusions: Parity and BMI can affect the risk of uterine myomas. To prevent the incident of uterine myomas, parity must be limited and BMI must be below the cut-off points (20.44 kg/m²). DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.485
Barriers to Smoking Cessation among Medical Students 2012–2013 Academic Year in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Reni Yuditha Kathrine; Elsa Pudji Setiawati; Lucky Saputra
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Smoking is one of leading various diseases and even death globally.  It is often difficult for smokers to stop smoking, even those who work as a medical professional because there are some barriers around them. The objective of this study was to get an overview of the barriers to smoking cessation among smoker students of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out to 62 medical students 2012–2013 academic year in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Before the respondents were selected, a survey using questionnaire was conducted to all medical students from the same academic year to determine their smoking status. A set of questions was developed, consisted of 4 components: physical or social, psychological or emotional, accessibility, and social contextual/life circumstances barriers to smoking cessation. The collected data were analyzed and presented in the form of percentages shown in the tables and figures.Results: The most frequent barriers were from physical or social barriers (friends who smoke, 85%), psychological or emotional barriers (fear of losing enjoyment, 71%), barrier to access (lack of information about the way of smoking cessation, 42%) and social contextual/life circumstances barriers (having other priorities other than to stop smoking, 71%).Conclusions: There are some barriers in medical students smokers make them difficult to stop smoking although they have more knowledge about health and the impact of smoking on health than other people. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.561
Clinical Characteristic and Outcome of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Krystle Gabriela; Rahmat Budi Kuswiyanto; Fenny Dwiyatnaningrum
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRTI) is the leading cause of deaths in children under 5 years of age worldwide, and has high morbidity and mortality in children with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). The objective of this study was to obtain the incidence, clinical characteristic, and outcome of ALRTI children with CHD.Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted from January 2007–December 2011 to medical record of child patients with ALRTI and CHD in the Department of Child Health of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. The diagnosis of CHD was determined by echocardiography. The collected data was analyzed and presented in percentage shown in tables.Results : From 3,897 children who had ALRTI, there were 149 children with CHD (3.8%), with 11.4% of whom founded with recurrent episodes. This happened often in girls than boys with quite similar ratio of 1.37: 1.The majority of children (80%) was under 1 year old of age, 72.5% with malnutrition, and 24.8% with severe malnutrition. Clinical symptoms mostly found were difficulty of breathing (98%), fever (85.2%), cough (75.2%), and runny nose (63.1%). The most common types of CHD were Patent Ductus Arteriosus (47.6%), followed by Ventricular Septal Defect (47%). Bronchopneumonia (86.6%) was the common type of ALRTI. The length of stay was mostly less than 10 days (70.5%). From all the children 43.7% had complications, and 6.7% died.Conclusions: The ALRTI in children with CHD is not common and has good outcome. The majority for CHD lesions are Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Ventricular Septal Defect while for ALRTI is Bronchopneumonia. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.483
Profile of Blood Transfusion Requests from Hospitals to Bandung Blood Transfusion Unit, Indonesian Red Cross in 2011 Syahla Nisaa Amalia; Najdwa Zamalek Dalimoenthe; Januarsih Iwan Rachman
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Blood transfusion as a part health services should be provided under appropriate indications and in a safe manner. In Indonesia, blood collection is run by the Blood Transfusion Unit of Indonesian Red Cross, where the blood is screened, processed into blood components, and finally distributed to hospitals. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of blood transfusion requests from hospitals that do not have blood bank facility to the Bandung Blood Transfusion Unit, Indonesian Red Cross.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out using secondary data from Bandung Blood Transfusion Unit Indonesian Red Cross (UTD PMI Bandung).  All blood request forms from hospitals during 2011 were collected and analyzed. Variables in this study were the amount of  blood units, blood components, blood type, and indications of blood transfusion.Results: The number of blood units requested by hospitals were 35,841 units. The most blood units requested was in August 2011. The blood component requested was the packed red cell (61.1%), whole blood (17.4%), thrombocyte concentrate (10.6%), and fresh frozen plasma (7%). The total percentage of O, A, B and AB blood types were 36.1%, 28.6%, 27.5%, and 7.9% respectively. The most frequent indication for transfusion was anemia (61.7%), followed by surgery and other causes of bleeding.  Conclusions: The total blood units requested by hospitals vary each month. The most blood component requested is Packed Red Cell and the type of blood is O blood type. The most frequent indication is anemia. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.519
Visual Acuity Before and After Treatment in Patients with Chemical Injuries at the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung from 2010 to 2011 Endi Pramudya Laksana; Nina Ratnaningsih; Reni Farenia S
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Chemical trauma is one of the emergency cases in ophthalmology since it can lead to severe, permanent blindness if not immediately treated. This study aimed to reveal pre- and post-therapy visual acuity on patients with chemical trauma at theNational Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung.Methods: This study was performed on 40 patients’ medical records from the National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from January 2010 to January 2011 as secondary data, using the descriptive retrospective method. The data were divided into two groups: acid and alkali trauma. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: Chemical trauma cases were mostly caused by caustic soda (17/40) whereas the least were caused by vinegar (3/40) and commonly occurred on adult patients in the right eye on alkali trauma. Patients with chemical trauma generally had normal eyesight before therapy.The number of patients with acid and alkali trauma who experienced improved eyesight after therapy alkali were similar (3 patients) while  worsening symptoms occurred  in one patient with alkali chemical trauma from mild to medium  low vision.Conclusions: There are some improvements of visual acuity after treatment in patients with chemical injuries. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.482
Characteristics of Patient with Brachial Plexus Injury in Neurophysiology Laboratory of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from 2003 to 2012 Ivan Kurnianto; Nani Kurniani; Arifin Soenggono
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Brachial plexus is a network of nerves that controls the upper limb. Unfortunately, it can be injured easily which is called brachial plexus injury (BPI). It can cause disability. Until now, the epidemiology of BPI in Indonesia is still lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients with BPI in Bandung, in order to increase knowledge and attention of health care provider and community to prevent BPI.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data from medical records of patients with BPI who underwent electromyography (EMG) in Neurophysiology Laboratory Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung from 2003 to 2012 were collected. The data included age, sex, mode of injury, affected side and distribution of paralysis. Collected data were presented as percentages shown in tables.Results:  A total of 91 cases were collected during study period, which consisted of 69 males and 22 females (76% vs. 24%). Most of them were in productive age group (11−20 years and 21−30 years). The main cause of brachial plexus injury was traffic accident (76%), followed by birth injury. Distribution of paralysis was mostly in postganglionic area of cervical (C)5, C6, C7, C8 and thoracal (T)1 (67%). Around two third of the cases involved the right side of upper limb.Conclusions: The study showed that most of patients with BPI are male in their productive ages. Traffic accident is the most common cause, and the most affected side is the right side of upper limb. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.529
Incidence of Herpes Zoster in relationship with Climate Factors from 2009 to 2011 Herning Adinda; Dendi Sandiono; Ihrul Prianza Prajitno
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Herpes zoster, or shingles, is a skin or mucous infection caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Seasonal pattern of herpes zoster incidence was reported in some countries, indicating that emergence of this disease was caused by the reactivation of latent Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) rather than new exposures to VZV. On the other hand, the VZV primary infection difference between tropical and temperate zones may have implications for virus reactivation as herpes zoster. The aim of this study was  to identify the incidence of herpes zoster in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, West Java related to the change of rainfall, air temperature and humidity from 2009 to 2011.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out to 341 medical records of herpes zoster patients from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung periode 2009 to 2011. Data on climate factors, i.e. rainfall, air temperature, and relative humidity, were obtained from the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency. The collected data were presented using tables and figures.Result: The highest number of herpes zoster cases occured during the period when the highest annually total rainfall and annually mean relative humidity occurred.Conclusions: The finding of this study shows that herpes zoster cases have the same pattern with the rainfall and relative humidity. These findings can inform better prevention of herpes zoster. However, further research is needed to get more comprehensive understanding on this relationship. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.591
Enteric Pathogen Bacteria in Non-Broiler Chicken Egg Shells from Traditional Market and Supermarket, Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java Kavita Arumugam; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Around 1.5 million of children dying annually due to diarrhea. Contaminated food is one of the sources of the diarrhea incidence (food borne diseases). Eggs are one of the least expensive forms of protein which is affordable by the community and is easily to find in either traditional or modern market/supermarkets.The objective of this study was to identify enteropathogenic bacteria contamination on non-broiler (ayam kampung) egg shell and to compare the findings between eggs sold in traditional and modern markets.Methods: This was a descriptive study performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. A total of 40 eggs were used, 20 from two traditional markets and 20 from two modern markets. The eggs were swabbed using saline, dipped in tryptic soy broth and streaked on Mac Conkey agar. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: Out of 40 samples, there were 19 positive cultures found from the traditional market and 16 from the modern market. There were 30 pink colonies indicating that they were lactose fermented, 5 transparent colonies indicated non-lactose fermentation, 4 showed no colony growth, and 1 grew an unidentified colony. The most found bacteria were Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. in both market. Conclusions: Eggs shells from traditional and modern markets are contaminated with Enteropathogenic microbes. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.487
Antidiabetic Activity of Calcium Bentonite in Alloxan Monohydrate-induced Diabetic Wistar Rat Models Galuh Alviana; Hendro Sudjono Yuwono; Nova Sylviana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Calcium bentonite is a natural clay that has the ability to absorb toxins and metabolite excess substances and often referred to as healing clay because it is used traditionally. This study aimed to determine the ability of local calcium bentonite to absorp high blood glucose..Methods: This study was an experimental study using 20 female Wistar rats and divided into two groups consisting of Group I (control group, n=10) and Group II (calcium bentonite group, n=10). Diabetes in rats was induced by alloxan monohydrate 150 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. Examination of blood glucose was performed three times; in the beginning of study, 72 hours after alloxan monohydrate induction, and four days after the given interventions. Blood glucose levels in mean values were analyzed using t-independent test. Statistically significance was considered when p<0.05.Results: Oral calcium bentonite of 1g/kg body weight significantly lowered blood glucose level relatively to the control group with average value of 131.30 mg/dl (p=0.01).Conclusions: Calcium bentonite significantly lowers blood glucose levels. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.562
Antimicrobial Suspectibility of Bacterial Isolated from Burn Unit in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from June to September 2013 Yodya Evila; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Hardisiswo Soedjana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: Development of infection in burned patients is a crucial matter because it may increase morbidity and mortality. Factors contributing to high risk for infections are disrupted skin barrier, dysfunction of the immune system and prolonged hospitalization. Crowded hospital condition and transfer of patients from one unit to another can affect development of infection caused by environmental factors. The aim of the study was to identify the antimicrobial suspectibility of bacterial isolated from Burn Unit in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in Burn Unit Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from June to September 2013.  A total of 30 environment samples were collected and cultured to identify the bacterias. Futhermore, the colonies  found, underwent antimicrobial susceptibility test.Results: Most common bacteria found from the environmental samples in Burn Unit was Staphylococcus saprophyticus (24%). Other bacterias found were Klebsiella pneumonia (17%), Acinetobacter baumanii (15%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12%), Bacillus sp.(12%), Pseudomonas sp.(7%), Staphylococcus aureus (5%), Enterobacter aerogenes (5%) and Serratia sp. (2%). Some bacteria still had good sensitivity to antibiotics while the Enterobacteriaceae were almost completely resistant to antimicrobial used in the study.Conclusions: The most common bacteria found from the environment samples in Burn Unit is Staphylococcuss aprophyticus. Additionally, Klebsiella pneumoniae as one of the Enterobacteriaceae groups, appears as an emerging hospital associated infection pathogen with their resistant to many antimicrobials. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.592

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