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INDONESIA
IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience
ISSN : 23559314     EISSN : 23559306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
The spirit to improve the journal to be more credible is increasing, and in 2012 it invited earth scientists in East and Southeast Asia as well as some western countries to join the journal for the editor positions in the Indonesia Journal of Geology. This is also to realize our present goal to internationalize the journal, The Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, which is open for papers of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geodetics, geography, and soil science. This new born journal is expected to be published three times a year. As an international publication, of course it must all be written in an international language, in this case English. This adds difficulties to the effort to obtain good papers in English to publish although the credit points that an author will get are much higher.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 796 Documents
Facies and Diagenetic Level of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formation, in Randegan and Palimanan Area Moeh. Ali Jambak; Ildrem Syafri; Vijaya Isnaniawardhani; Benyamin Benyamin; Hilarius Rodriguez
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (767.933 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.2.3.157-166

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.2.3.157-166This research aims to determine the facies and diagenetic level of limestone of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formations, and also aims to determine the structural correlation between surface and subsurface limestones. Based on thin section analyses taken from the core and outcrop samples, there are four types of lithofacies on the Upper Cibulakan Formation, i.e. mudstone-wackestone, wackestone-packstone, packstone-grainstone, and grainstone facies, and also four types of lithofacies on the Parigi Limestone Formation, i.e. mudstone-wackestone, wackestone-packstone, packstone-grainstone, and lower mudstone-wackestone facies. The analysis of surface and subsurface limestone facies of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formations led to the knowledge of the proportionality and variation of the limestone characteristics on both positions. Limestone of the Upper Cibulakan Formation was deposited locally and discontinuously, whilst the Parigi Formation limestone was deposited evenly and continuously. The structural correlation between the surface and subsurface limestone indicates that these formations were uplifted/exposed due to a local force, likely caused by the intrusion of igneous rocks, as happened in the Kromong Complex. The presence of residual hydrocarbon on the surface of the limestone samples suggests the possibility of potential hydrocarbon trapped in the limestone beneath the surface.
Genesis of Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag Deposits within Permian Carboniferous-Carbonate Rocks in Madina Regency, North Sumatra Bhakti Hamonangan Harahap; Hamdan Zainal Abidin; Wahyu Gunawan; Rum Yuniarni
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9477.449 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.2.3.167-184

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.2.3.167-184Strong mineralized carbonate rock-bearing Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag-(Au) ores are well exposed on the Latong River area, Madina Regency, North Sumatra Province. The ore deposit is hosted within the carbonate rocks of the Permian to Carboniferous Tapanuli Group. It is mainly accumulated in hollows replacing limestone in the forms of lensoidal, colloform, veins, veinlets, cavity filling, breccia, and dissemination. The ores dominantly consist of galena (126 000 ppm Pb) and sphalerite (2347 ppm Zn). The other minerals are silver, azurite, covellite, pyrite, marcasite, and chalcopyrite. This deposit was formed by at least three phases of mineralization, i.e. pyrite and then galena replaced pyrite, sphalerite replaced galena, and pyrite. The last phase is the deposition of chalcopyrite that replaced sphalerite. The Latong sulfide ore deposits posses Pb isotope ratio of 206Pb/204Pb = 19.16 - 20.72, 207Pb/204Pb = 16.16 - 17.29, and 208Pb/204Pb = 42.92 - 40.78. The characteristic feature of the deposit indicates that it is formed by a sedimentary process rather than an igneous activity in origin. This leads to an interpretation that the Latong deposit belongs to the Sedimentary Hosted Massive Sulfide (SHMS) of Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT). The presence of SHMS in the island arc such as Sumatra has become controversial. For a long time, ore deposits in the Indonesian Island Arc are always identical with the porphyry and hydrothermal processes related to arc magmatism. This paper is dealing with the geology of Latong and its base metal deposits. This work is also to interpret their genesis as well as general relationship to the regional geology and tectonic setting of Sumatra.
Precipitation of Calcite during the Deposition of Paleogene Sangkarewang Oil Shale, Ombilin Basin, West Sumatra, Indonesia Agus Haris Widayat; Komang Anggayana; Isra Khoiri
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1596.717 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.2.3.185-197

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.2.3.185-197Geochemical and petrographical analyses were carried out to investigate the occurrence of calcite in theformer Ombilin lacustrine lake. The study involves eight samples taken from a 56 m long drill core of Sangkarewangoil shale. Geochemical investigation showed that the samples consist of varied terrigenous input represented by Si, Al, K, and Ti, and autochthonous input represented by S, total organic carbon (TOC), and d13C of bulk organic matter. Along the drill core profile the abundance of autochthonous input decreases upwards, while that of terrigenous input oppositely increases upwards. Petrographical analysis revealed that calcite is a major mineral in the samples. In this study, the abundance of calcite could be represented by the abundance of Ca, as calcite is the only significant Ca containing mineral. Ca is abundant in the samples (8.4% in average) and its concentration varies similarly with those of S, TOC, and d13C, suggesting that the element as well as calcite incorporates the autochthonous input. Thevariation of calcite abundance in the drill core profile is considered to be related with primary productivity changes during the development of the former lake. Higher primary productivity represented by more positive of d13C value(-24.8‰) during the deposition of the lower part of the drill core profile promoted the higher amount of deposited organic matter. In such environment, the supersaturation of carbonate ion in lake water was also reached and significant precipitation of authigenic calcite occurred. As the lake developed, the primary productivity decreased as indicated by more negative of d13C value (eventually -26.8‰). This condition led to the decreases of deposited organic matterand calcite in the lake sediments.
Kinematic Analysis of Fault-Slip Data in the Central Range of Papua, Indonesia Benyamin Sapiie
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3509.277 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.1-16

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.1.1-16Most of the Cenozoic tectonic evolution in New Guinea is a result of obliquely convergent motion that ledto an arc-continent collision between the Australian and Pacific Plates. The Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District(GBMD) is located in the Central Range of Papua, in the western half of the island of New Guinea. This study presentsthe results of detailed structural mapping concentrated on analyzing fault-slip data along a 15-km traverse of theHeavy Equipment Access Trail (HEAT) and the Grasberg mine access road, providing new information concerning thedeformation in the GBMD and the Cenozoic structural evolution of the Central Range. Structural analysis indicatesthat two distinct stages of deformation have occurred since ~12 Ma. The first stage generated a series of en-echelonNW-trending (π-fold axis = 300°) folds and a few reverse faults. The second stage resulted in a significant left-lateralstrike-slip faulting sub-parallel to the regional strike of upturned bedding. Kinematic analysis reveals that the areasbetween the major strike-slip faults form structural domains that are remarkably uniform in character. The changein deformation styles from contractional to a strike-slip offset is explained as a result from a change in the relativeplate motion between the Pacific and Australian Plates at ~4 Ma. From ~4 - 2 Ma, transform motion along an ~ 270°trend caused a left-lateral strike-slip offset, and reactivated portions of pre-existing reverse faults. This action had aprofound effect on magma emplacement and hydrothermal activity.
Hydrogeological Model of an Urban City in a Coastal Area, Case study: Semarang, Indonesia Thomas Putranto; Thomas Rüde
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3195.778 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.17-27

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.1.17-27In Semarang City, groundwater has been exploited as a natural resource since 1841. The groundwater exploited in deep wells is concentrated in confined aquifers. The previous hydrogeological model was developed in one unit of aquifer and refined then by using several hydrostratigraphical units following a regional hydrogeological map without any further analysis. At present, there is a lack of precise hydrogeological model which integrates geological and hydrogeological data, in particular for multiple aquifers in Semarang. Thus, the aim of this paper is to develop a hydrogeological model for the multiple aquifers in Semarang using an integrated data approach. Groundwater samples in the confined aquifers have been analyzed to define the water type and its lateral distribution. Two hydrogeological cross sections were then created based on several borelog data to define a hydrostratigraphical unit (HSU). The HSU result indicates the hydrogeological model of Semarang consists of two aquifers, three aquitards, and one aquiclude. Aquifer 1 is unconfined, while Aquifer 2 is confined. Aquifer 2 is classified into three groups (2a, 2b, and 2c) based on analyses of major ion content and hydrostratigraphical cross sections.
Stratified Sampling to Define Levels of Petrographic Variation in Coal Beds: Examples from Indonesia and New Zealand Tim A. Moore
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8000.837 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.29-51

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.29-51Stratified sampling of coal seams for petrographic analysis using block samples is a viable alternative to standard methods of channel sampling and particulate pellet mounts. Although petrographic analysis of particulate pellets is employed widely, it is both time consuming and does not allow variation within sampling units to be assessed - an important measure in any study whether it be for paleoenvironmental reconstruction or in obtaining estimates of industrial attributes. Also, samples taken as intact blocks provide additional information, such as texture and botanical affinity that cannot be gained using particulate pellets. Stratified sampling can be employed both on ‘fine’ and ‘coarse’ grained coal units. Fine-grained coals are defined as those coal intervals that do not contain vitrain bands greater than approximately 1 mm in thickness (as measured perpendicular to bedding). In fine-grained coal seams, a reasonable sized block sample (with a polished surface area of ~3 cm2) can be taken that encapsulates the macroscopic variability. However, for coarse-grained coals (vitrain bands >1 mm) a different system has to be employed in order to accurately account for the larger particles. Macroscopic point counting of vitrain bands can accurately account for those particles>1 mm within a coal interval. This point counting method is conducted using something as simple as string on a coal face with marked intervals greater than the largest particle expected to be encountered (although new technologies are being developed to capture this type of information digitally). Comparative analyses of particulate pellets and blocks on the same interval show less than 6% variation between the two sample types when blocks are recalculated to include macroscopic counts of vitrain. Therefore even in coarse-grained coals, stratified sampling can be used effectively and representatively.
Coral Reef Development as an Indicator of Seal Level Fluctuation: A Preliminary Study on Pleistocene Reef in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi A. M. Imran; M. Farida; M. F. Arifin; R. Husain; A. Hafidz
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6254.964 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.53-66

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.1.53-66Pleistocene reefs in eastern part of Indonesia are abundantly found along the coast as raised reef. They express highly tectonized and/or uplifted area characterized by several terraces. Therefore the reef size is narrow. This research is located at Bira District of Bulukumba Regency or it lies at the southern tip of South Sulawesi Peninsula. The objective of this research is to define depositional environment based on coral development. Several methods were applied such as intersect lines which were perpendicular to the cliff, geochemical and petrographic analyses, as well as paleoenvironment interpretation. Three facies are described at the Pleistocene reef, namely 1) Reef Front Facies, 2) Reef Core Facies, 3) Back Reef Facies. Based on facies association and organism accumulation, the depositional environment of Pleistocene reef is interpreted to be developed in a small reef complex on an unstable basement. The reef has experienced at least 3 (three) times of sea level fluctuation.
Diagnostic Genesis Features of Au-Ag Selenide-Telluride Mineralization of Western Java Deposits Euis Tintin Yuningsih; Hiroharu Matsueda; Mega F. Rosana
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4956.997 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.67-76

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.1.67-76The ore mineralogy of the westernmost part of West Java such as Pongkor, Cibaliung, Cikidang, Cikotok, and Cirotan are characterized by the dominance of silver-arsenic-antimony sulfosalt with silver selenides and rarely tellurides over the argentite, whereas the eastern part of West Java including Arinem and Cineam deposits are dominated by silver-gold tellurides. Mineralogy of Se-type deposits at Pongkor, Cikidang, Cibaliung, Cisungsang, and Cirotan and Te-type deposits at Arinem and Cineam shows their different geochemical characteristics. Mineralogical and geochemical differences can be explained by variation of physico-chemical conditions that existed during gold-silver deposition by applying the phase relation among sulfide, telluride, and selenide mineral association in the deposits. The relative values of ƒSe2(g), ƒTe(g), and ƒS2(g) control the actual presence of selenide or telluride minerals within the West Java deposits, which also depend on their concentrations in the hydrothermal fluid. Even though the concentration of selenium in the hydrothermal fluid of Te-type deposits might have been similar or even higher than that in the Se-type, early substitution of selenium in the sulfide minerals prevents its concentration in the hydrothermal fluid to the levels for precipitating selenide minerals. Therefore, early sulfide mineral deposition from reduction fluids will not increase the ƒSe2(g)/ƒS2(g) ratio to form selenide minerals in Te-type deposits of Arinem and Cineam, other than selenium-bearing sulfide mineral such as Se-bearing galena or Se-bearing pyrargyrite-proustite.
Volcanostratigraphic Sequences of Kebo-Butak Formation at Bayat Geological Field Complex, Central Java Province and Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia Sri Mulyaningsih
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9544.238 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.2.77-94

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.2.77-94Bayat Complex is usually used as a work field for students of geology and other geosciences. The study area is located in the southern part of the Bayat Complex. Administratively, it belongs to Central Java Province and Yogyakarta Special Province. The lithology of Bayat is very complex, composed of various kinds of igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, and volcanic rocks. Most of previous researchers interpreted Bayat as a melange complex constructed within a subduction zone. Kebo-Butak is one of formations that forms the Bayat field complex. The formation is composed of basalt, layers of pumice, tuff, shale, and carbonaceous tuff. Most of them are known as volcanic rocks. These imply that volcanic activities are more probable to construct the geology of Bayat rather than the subducted melange complex. The geological mapping, supported by geomorphology, petrology, stratigraphy, and geological structures, had been conducted in a comprehensive manner using the deduction-induction method. The research encounters basalt, black pumice, tuff with basaltic glasses fragments, zeolite, argilic clay, as well as feldspathic- and pumice tuff. Petrographically, the basalt is composed of labradorite, olivine, clinopyroxene, and volcanic glass. Black pumice and tuff contain prismatic clinopyroxene, granular olivine, and volcanic glasses. Feldspathic tuff and pumice tuff are crystal vitric tuff due to more abundant feldspar, quartz, and amphibole than volcanic glass. Zeolite comprises chlorite and altered glasses as deep sea altered volcanic rocks. The geologic structure is very complex, the major structures are normal faults with pyrite in it. There were two deep submarine paleovolcanoes namely Tegalrejo and Baturagung. The first paleovolcano erupted effusively producing basaltic sequence, while the second one erupted explosively ejecting feldspathic-rich pyroclastic material. The two paleovolcanoes erupted simultaneously and repeatedly.
Surface Rupture and Geotechnical Features of The July 2, 2013 Tanah Gayo Earthquake Mudrik Rahmawan Daryono; Adrin Tohari
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4056.678 KB) | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.3.2.95-105

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.2.95-105An assessment of surface rupture and collateral ground failures can help to evaluate the impact of future earthquakes. This paper presents the results of a field survey conducted to map the surface rupture and geotechnical phenomena associated with the ground shaking during the July 2, 2013 earthquakes in Tanah Gayo Highland. The objectives of this survey are to document and to characterize the surface ruptures as well as to identify types of earthquake-induced ground failures. Results of the survey identified four best sites of possible surface rupture. Two locations are obvious surface ruptures that can be traced on primary topographic feature of the active fault segment from the north to the south, crossing Pantan Terong Hill. The fault segment has a total mapped length of 19 km, with WNW trending zone and a dextral rupture offset. The ground shaking also resulted in landslides and liquefaction in areas underlain by very fine-grained tuffaceous sands. Based on the field survey, it can be concluded that the newly defined active fault segment, the Pantan Terong segment, is likely the segment that ruptured at the July 2, 2013 Tanah Gayo earthquake. Due to the soil types and unstable rocky slopes in the hilly Central Aceh region, large-scale landslides are primary risks during an earthquake event in this region.

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