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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,639 Documents
 11   12   13   14   15 
The risk factors profile of coronary heart disease in dyslipidemic patients : Results from a survey in 13 cities in Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2001): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i1.8

Abstract

The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) has significantly increased and has been associated to the high mortality rate in Indonesia. One important CHD risk is the abnormal lipid profile or dyslipidemia, but there are other risk factors that has been associated with CHD in Western population. In Indonesia, data on CHD risk factors are very limited and usually only available as hospital-based data. The aim of this study is to analyze the CHD risk profile in the private clinical practice setting and to determine the factors affecting CHD in dyslipidemic patients in Indonesia. This study is a cross-sectional survey which targeted physicians in 13 cities in Indonesia who regularly treat patients with dyslipidemia. The majority of dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice setting was the CHD high-risk group. Age, Iow HDL-C and hypertension were the most common risk factors. The prevalence of the risk factors and the proportion of dyslipidemic patients which belongs to the high risk group were comparable to the result of US (L-TAP) study. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 42-7) Keywords : Coronary Heart Disease, risk factors, dyslipidemia, clinical practice
Epstein-Barr virus in non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the tonsil in Indonesian patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.9

Abstract

Twenty cases of tonsillar non-Hodgkin lymphoma seen at the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia during 1995-1997 were studied clinicopathologically. The specimens were analysed for routine histopathology, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The lymphoma was found mostly in the 7th decade, the median age was 57.5 year. Male to female ratio was 1:1. The hostological types were 70% of intermediate grade and 30% of high grade of malignancy. All of the lymphomas were B cell lymphomas. EBER and LMP1 were not expressed in all cases. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 69-72) Keywords : tonsil lymphoma, clinicopathologic profile, immunopheno type, ebv
The influence of exposure to UVβ of fluorescent light on the bone remodeling of hypoestrogenic Macaca fascicularis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.10

Abstract

The prevention of osteoporosis is a spesific problem that should be dealt with by increasing the women's lift expectation. The decrease of calcitriol and estrogen levels, which have a receptor in the osteoblast, will result in bone mineralization (due to calcitriol) and the information of type 1 collagen (due to estrogen). The formation of calcitriol with the main basic materials from vitamin D3 is achieved with the aid of sunray UVβ, The changes in the lifestyle of women, which make them now accustomed to performing indoor activities and prevent them from being exposed to UVβ all day, have resulted in the decrease of vitamin D3 in calcitriol in women. In addition, when entering the menopausal age they will be threatened with early osteoporosis. The exposure to the UVβ of fluorescent light with the wave length identical to sun of 290-320 nm has long been known as a modality for treating skin diseases in the hope that the production of vitamin D3 will be increased. We exposed Macaca fascicularis, whose estrogen levels were set at normal, beginning low, beginning very low levels, to UVβ of fluorescent light. It showed that the Macaca fascicularis that were exposed to UVβ experienced an increase in osteocalcin with unchanged DPD which means that bone remodeling remains unchanged. By contrast, Macaca fascicularis with normal, beginning low, and beginning very low estrogen levels which were not exposed to UVβ were found to experience a decrease in osteocalcin and unchanged DPD levels. This means that a change has occurred in the bone remodeling toward bone resorption.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of isepamicin plus metronidazole and amikacin plus metronidazole in intra-abdominal infections
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.11

Abstract

Intra-abdominal infections due to penetrating wound through the abdominal wall or rupture of the gastrointestinal tract are acute conditions requiring prompt surgical intervention and the use of appropriate antimicrobial agents. Isepamicin is an effective aminoglycoside against various Gram-negative pathogens causing intra-abdominal infections. The objective of the present study is to compare the efficacy and safety of isepamicin (15 mg/kgBW IV o.d.) with amikacin (7.5 mg/kgBB b.i.d.), in conjunction with metronidazole for both drugs. An open, randomized, parallel design was applied in this trial. The subject allocation ratio for isepamicin: amikacin is 2:1. Out of 50 patients enrolled in this study, 27 fuffilled the criteria for safety and efficacy population, and 46 for intent-to-treat population. In the safety and efficacy population, the clinical success rare for isepamicin and amikacin group did not differ significantly (i.e., 95% and 100%, respectively). In the intent-to-treat population, the clinical success rates for isepamicin and amikacin group were also insignifficantly different (i.e., 97% and 100%, respectively). The rates of bacteriological elimination for isepamicin and amikacin, were 95% and 100%, respectively in the efficacy and safety population, and 90% and 93%, respectively in the intent-to-treat population. Streptococci and staphylococci were the most frequent (40%) pathogens isolated from pus, and Acinetobacter anitratus (55%) was the most common one isolated from blood. In the efficacy and safety population, the mean (± SD) length of hospital stay in the isepamicin and amikacin groups was 10.7 ± 3.9 and 11.1 ± 3.8 days, respectively, while in the intent-to-treat population, the mean (± SD) length of hospital stay in the isepamicin and amikacin groups was 10.1 ± 3.4 and 10.5 ± 3 days, respectively. In the present study, both aminoglycosides were well tolerated and there was no patient withdrawal associated with side effect. It is concluded that for intra-abdominal infections, intravenous isepamicin given once daily is as effective as intravenous amikacin given twice daily in combination with metronidazole. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 88-94)Keywords : Isepamicin, amikacin, inta-abdominal infections
Effect of smoking on autonomic reflexes
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.12

Abstract

Effect of cigarette smoking on autonomic reflexes was tested in 25 male smokers and compared with 25 age, sex matched non smokers. There was insignificant difference between heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and other variables between non smokers and smokers (before smoking). But in smokers after cigarette smoking, the basal HR, basal BP (< 0.001), diastolic BP (p < 0.05) with change of posture (lying to standing), systolic BP (p < 0.01) on cold pressure test were all increased, while expiration: inspiration (E: 1) ratio (p < 0.01) and S: L ratio (p < 0.05) were reduced. These observations indicate acute rise in sympathetic traffic with some effect on vagal activity. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 95-7) Keywords : smoking, autonomic reflexes, sympathetic, vagus
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia: Prevalence and the impact of treatment on reaching HDL cholesterol target level in patients with dyslipidemia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.13

Abstract

A low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is a potent predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD). It has been estimated that 11% of the Framingham men have isolated low HDL-C levels and about 30% of dyslipidemia patients have HDL-C level of less than 35 mg/dl (hypoalphalipoproteinemia). In addition, there is uncertainty regarding the management of these patients. There is no epidemiological data on the prevalence low HDL-C level in dyslipidemia patients and the results of treatment on HDL-C on a large number of patients in Indonesia. We conducted a survey in 13 cities in Indonesia to evaluate the prevalence of hypoalphalipoproteinemia among dyslipidemic patients and the impact of treatment with lipid modification drugs on achieving target level of HDL-C 35 mg/dl or more in routine clinical practice. A total number of 1420 dyslipidemia patients (mean age 50 years, male 58%) were included and analyzed in this report. The overall prevalence of hypoalphalipoproteinemia in our study was 35.4% and it was correlated with the risk level of the patients; 21.9% among low risk group (patient with < 2 other risk factor), 39.6% in high risk group (≥ 2 other risk factors) and 44.3% in patients with CHD. After 12 week treatment, the prevalence decreased to 12%, 20% and 18% in low risk, high risk and CHD patients respectively. The magnitude of HDL-C changes correlated inversely with base-line HDL-C and it was highest (59%) in the lowest HDL-C group (< 25 mg/dl) and the least change (23%) was found in group with the highest HDL-C level (≥ 45 mg/dl). Only 46% of patients with low HDL-C value at baseline achieved normal HDL-C level after treatment. In conclusion, the prevalence of low HDL-C in dyslipidemia patients was high especially in high risk group and in CHD patients. The majority of patients with low HDL-C at base-line could not reach the target level for HDL-C of 35 mg/dl or more after 12 weeks treatment with lipid modification drugs. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 98-102)Keywords: hypoalphalipoproteinemia, dyslipidemia, routine practice, anti lipid drugs
Lung cancer among young patients in Dharmais Cancer Center Hospital, Jakarta (1994-1998)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.14

Abstract

Lung cancer is usually seen in patients of middle and old age. The disease is rarely seen in patients under 40 years. In Dharmais Cancer Center Hospital 37 patients of 40 years of age or younger were seen. The number was 5.9% of the total of lung cancer cases that was seen in this hospital in 1994 - 1998. The disease was more dominant among males (male to female ratio 3 : 1), age between 26-40 years. Most of the patients were stage IV (45.7%), chief complaints were dyspnea (58.I%) and pain (32.5%). Nonsmall cell carcinoma was the most frequent histologic type (91.9%), small sell carcinoma was seen in 2.7% and in 5.4% the histologic type could not be determined. The treatment consisted of surgery in 9 cases, radiotherapy in 17 cases and chemotherapy in 5 cases. Fourteen patients (38%) died in hospital, the rest were not followed further. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 73-8) Keywords : lung cancer, young age
The histopathological predictor factors in the recurrence of cervical carcinoma stage IB - IIA after radical hysterectomy
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.15

Abstract

The aim of this study is to know the incidence of cervical carcinoma stage IB - IIA recurrence after radical hysterectomy and the histopathologic factors which are related to it. This was a retrospective cohort study involving 68 patients with recurrence cervical carcinoma stage IB - IIA who underwent radical hysterectomy, However, there were only 58 cases which fulfilled the study citeria, and therefore were evaluated histopathologically. The histopathologic evaluation consisted of differentiation, inflammatory reaction, lymph-vascular permeation, invasion to the vagina incision margin, and to endometrium, lymph nodes metastasis, and the depth of stromal invasion. The incidence of the cervical carcinoma stage IB-IIA recurrence 2 years after radical hysterectomy was 30.8% (21 out of 68 cases). The recurrence occurred in nine (75%) out of 12 cases with lymph node metastasis, compared to 10 (21.7%) out of 46 cases without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0004). In addition, eight out of 11 adenosquamous carcinoma cases had recurrence (p = 0.01). There was only one out of the 12 cases with the depth of stromal invasion of < 5 mm that had recurrence compared to 18 out of 45 cases with stromal invasion of > 5 mm (P = 0.02). The clinical factors such as parity, staging, size of the tumor were not statistically significant. The other pathologic factors such as differentiation, inflammatory reaction, and parametrial, vagina incision margin and endometrial invasion were not statistically signifcant. The incidence of the recurrence of cervical carcinoma within 2 years after hysterectomy was related to the pathological risk factors i.e. lymph node metastasis, adenosquamous cell carcinoma and the depth of stromal invasion. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 79-83) Keyword: risk factor, cervical cancer
The review of the patterns of presentation and various prognostic factors in male breast cancer patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.16

Abstract

This study was aimed to analyze the patterns of presentation, various prognostic factors and therapeutic modalities for the management of breast cancer in male patients. Thirty cases of male breast cancer were treated with radiotherapy at our department between 1983 and 1997. All the patients were treated with radiotherapy besides surgery (26) and chemotherapy (12). Radical mastectomy was performed in 18 patients, while 6 patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy and 2 patients with simple mastectomy. The post operative radiotherapy was applied at the dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions over a period of five weeks. The chemotherapy was administered in an adjuvant setting. All the patients were received hormonal therapy. Four patients were lost to follow up. The follow up period ranged from 10-92 months with a median of 38 months. The disease-free survival at 2 and 5 years were 87.7% and 54.67%, respectively. One patient recurred locally, whereas 5 patients had distant metastasis. The age, lymph node status at presentation and presence of distant metastasis were the important prognostic factors. At present, the trend is to treat male breast cancer patients like those of females stage per stage. More randomized studies are required for optimizing therapeutic approach. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 84-7) Keywords: male breast cancer, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery
Lipid Treatment Assessment Project (L-TAP) Study : a survey in 13 cities in Indonesia to evaluate the percentages of dyslipidemic patients achieving NCEP LDL-C target goals after treatment
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.17

Abstract

Clinical trials have demonstrated significant benefit from low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. In the US, it is well recognized that a substantial number of hypercholesterolemic patients were not treated to the LDL-C goals recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines. In 1996, the Indonesian Heart Association (PERKI) has issued guidelines recommending goals for screening and lipid treatment in Indonesia adopted from NCEP guidelines; however, the frequency of undertreatment in Indonesia is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the percentage of patients treated with lipid-lowering therapy who reached LDL-C goals as defined by NCEP guidelines in routine clinical practice. This was a cross-sectional survey targeted physicians who regularly treated dyslipidemic patients in 13 cities in Indonesia. Participating doctors were asked on their awareness of NCEP guidelines and to complete the case record form (CRF) of the enrolled patients. One-hundred and eighty-eight (188) out of four hundreds (400) physicians who were invited, have participated in this study. Among the evaluable 1420 CRF, 1082 patients received statins, 301 used fibrates, 14 patients used combination drugs, and 23 others received non-drug treatments only. Success rates on achieving target LDL-C in low-risk, high-risk, and CHD groups were 73.0 %, 43.6 %, and 14.8 %, respectively. Overall success rate in patients using statins was 55.1 %, while in low-risk group, high-risk group, and CHD patients, the success rates with statin were 77.8%, 50.1%, and 18.6 %, respectively. Atorvastatin showed the highest success rate (77.4 %) if compared to other statins. Only 14 % of physicians were knowledgeable about the NCEP goals. Conclusion : A large number of dyslipidemic patients who were on lipid-lowering therapy were not achieving the recommended LDL-C target levels. Success rates were lower in CHD patients and high risk group. Atorvastatin seemed more effective in lowering the LDL-C to target levels. There are still many physicians in Indonesia who do not aware about the NCEP guidelines and LDL-C treatment goals. (Med J lndones 2001; 10: 103-9)Keywords: lipid treatment assessment project (L-TAP), dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, routine practice

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