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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,657 Documents
 12   13   14   15   16 
The problem of Taeniasis and Cysticercosis in Irian Jaya, Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.18

Abstract

The disease, caused by the adult and larva of Taenia solium, spread to the western part of Irian Jaya crossing the border of Indonesian to Papua New Guinea. Twenty local health centers reported 638 and 945 new cases with epileptic seizures in 1994 and 1995 respectively. Questionnaires were distributed to 31 respondents with results as follows: 83.9% were illiterate, 93.6% farmers and all of them sometimes ate not well-cooked pork; no other meat was consumed. In this area no healthy drinking water was available; also there was no sanitary facilities. Pigs were roaming around the houses, rarely the pigs were put behind fences. After international collaboration with several institutions, e.g with Asahikawa Medical College, Japan, 29 serum samples were examined by immunoblot with positive results for 67% of the cases suffering from epileptic seizures and 65% with subcutaneous nodules. Moving of people to other areas personal and environmental hygiene, the importance of pigs in the daily life of the community were important issues in maintaning the disease being caused by T.Solium in this area. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 110-4)Keywords: Taenia solium, Irian Jaya, spreading, international collaboration
Acute mountain sickness
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.19

Abstract

Acute mountain sickness, HAPE (high altitude pulmonary edema) and HACE (high altitude cerebral edema) are associated with acute exposure to altitudes greater than 8000 ft. Although usually self limiting, they can be life threatening. We are not yet clear abour the pathophysiological processes in acute mountain sickness. Descent to lower elevation is the definitive treatment for altitude illness. There is no unanimity of opinion regarding other modes of therapy. Treatment consists of bed rest, orygen inhalation and judicious use of morphine, diuretics, steroids and niftdipine as vasodilator therapy. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 115-20) Keywords: Acute mountain sickness, high altitude pulmonary edema, high altitude cerebral edema
Mechanism of normal menstruation and abnormality associated with menorrhagia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.20

Abstract

Normal menstruation involves endometrial tissue breakdown and bleeding, followed by hemostasis and repair. Abnormality of this process at any stage may result in changes in the quantity of menstrual blood loss. When menstrual blood loss is greater than 80 ml, it is called menorrhagia. This review discuss the mechanism of normal menstruation, and factors associated with menorrhagia. Those factors are the endometrial bleeding associated factor (ebaf), the role of various cells (migratory leucocytes, macrophages, and mast cells), the role of various substances (lysosomal enzymes, prostaglandins, endothelins, growth factors and its receptors), impairment of fibrinolysis and hemostatic proces, and changes in endometrial blood flow. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 121-6) Keywords : ebaf, prostaglandin, endothelin, fibrinolysis
The aging male project
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i2.21

Abstract

With an increasing life expectancy and a decreasing reproduction rate, the population structure changes. A Jenapharm R & D program investigates the endocrinology of aging men. In men, a decrease in production of sex steroids and other hormones with age can be observed. The typical patterns of daily rhythmicity become less distinct. This is part of a very complex picture in which not only isolated hormones are involved, but also the influence of hormones on each other. Many factors from the external and intemal environment mediated by neurotransmitters constantly affect the highly sensitive hormonal balance. Therefore, aging has also been defined as "the gradual dysfunction of homeostatic processes". Declining testosterone (T) levels are involved in 'andropausal' symptoms in men: loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, insulin receptor resistance, obesity, osteoporosis, disturbances of lipid metabolism, myocardial and circulatory disturbances, impaired well-being and mood. Data are derived from studies in hypogonadal men treated by T replacement. In such parients under T treatment libido increases, fat mass decreases, muscle strenth, bone mineral density and erythropoesis increase. Whether the symptoms of andropause in aging men could successfully be treated by T substitution remains to be investigated. Negative effects of T, especially on the prostate and the cardiovascular system, are under discussion. There is increasing evidence that low T levels seem to be a risk factor for both the prostate and the cardiovascular system. Jenapharm's new testosterone undecanoate formulation for intramuscular injection can be administered every three months. T levels remain within the physiologic range. No supraphysiologic peaks occur. In women, estrogens have beneficial non-genital effects. Studies concentrate on synthetic estrogens for men without feminizing properties such as gynecomastia and reduced testicular size. Several derivatives of 17- alpha estradiol have been synthesized some of which show selectivity for the central nervous system. CNS effects have been demonstrated in female and male animals. Cardiovascular protection by estrogens has been shown in animal and human studies. Atherosclerotic plaque size was reduced after estrogen injections in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Phytoestrogen-fed monkeys had lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and higher HDL cholesterol. Apart from atherosclerotic lesions, coronary artery vascular reactivity was improved. Some of these experimental findings were confirmed in human studies in postmenopausal women with and without estrogen treatment. Whether all of the described estrogenic effects can be seen in men remains to be investigated. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 127-33)Keywords : aging, andropause, testosterone, estrogens
Testes biopsy analysis and hormonal reproduction levels of pig tail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) injected with testosterone enanthate (TE) and depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.22

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyse the testes biopsy and to know the lnrmone level reproduction of pig tail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) injected with testosterone enanthate (TE) and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Six pig tail male macaques, age 6 - 8 years old were used as sanrple. Three months after adaptation period, each animal was injected intra muscularly with 32 mg TE each week starting at week zero up to the sixth week. The treatment was continued every 3 weeks after the sixth week up to the 24th week. 40 mg of DMPA was injected intramuscularly at week zero, and continued every week up to week 18. Volume of the testes was taken every three weeks and blood samples for examination of gonadotropin hormone and steroid hormone were taken at 6 week intervals. Testes biopsy was perfomed at week 30 and week 48. Preparation of testes histological slides were made using the paraffin method and stained with hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). The results of this study showed that both testes volume decreased i.e. 18.35 cm3 ± 9.35 and 19.02cm3 ± 10.88 (at week zero) to 6.70 cm3 ± 3.80 and 7.02 cm3 ± 4.61 (lowest volume at week 21). In recovery period, the testes volume increased to 20.34 cmr ± 7.87 and 21.75 cm3 ± 7.09. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the score of spermatogenesis (right and left testes) at week 30 were 0.13 mm ± 0.027 and 0.13 mm ± 0.026 and score were 5.08 ± 2.67 and 5.41 ± 2.51. At week 48, both diameter of seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis score increased to become 0.18 mm ± 0.029 and 0.18 mm ± 0.026, and score were 7.51 ± 2.14 and 7.57 ± 1.59, During this period, hyalinization and fibrosis of seminiferous tubule occurred. By week 6, the total testosterone, free testosterone, and estrogen hormone levels increased quite sharply and then decreased but still higher than base levels of hormone. In the recovery period, estrogen hormone increased significantly until the end of observation (week 48). FSH and LH hormone levels decreased until week 6, then the FSH hormone levels increased until the end of observation, while the LH hormone level is still lower than base level. Conclusion of this study is the injection of TE and DMPA combination will alter the histological structure of the pig tailed macaque testes i.e. decreasing the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, suppressing spermatogenesis and hyalinisation and fibrosis of seminiferous tubules. The damages of this structure are likely caused by inhibition of feedback mechanism of hypothalamus-hypophysis-testes. (Med J Indones 2007; 10: 137-43)
Identification of C5+ extraband of butyrylcholinesterase and two protein bands cathodic to it
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.23

Abstract

Electrophoresis of human plasma yields 4 butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) protein bands, i.e. C1, C2, C3, C4 and in some individuals also an extraband C5+. In addition to that other protein bands called "S" bands are also invariably detected. In order to know whether the C5+ and the "S" bands are related to the BChE protein, we have carried out immunological and peptide mapping studies on these proteins. The immunology approach was done by raising polyclonal antibodies against each protein bands (S1, S2, C4 and C5+) and reacted to the plasma protein bands transferred on nitrocellulose papers. Individual raised antibodies recognized all protein bands studied including the C4, an isozyme of BChE, indicating that the protein bands contain similar epitopes. Several protein bands cathodic to S1 also reacted with the antibodies, suggesting that they are probably fractions of the BChE protein, as well. When individual protein bands were digested with S. aureus V8 toxin and α-chymotrypsin, they revealed a striking similarity in peptide pattern among each other. These studies indicate that the S1, S2 and C5+ protein bands belong to the BChE protein. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 144-9) Keywords: , ,
Influence of protein kinase C inhibitor in phagocytosis activity toward Candida sp
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.24

Abstract

Protein kinase C isoenzyme family that expresses in all of cells plays a pivotal role in the signal transduction pathway of a variety of hormones, cytokines, neurotransmitter, and growth factors. The immunity against Candida sp is mainly mediated and performed by the T cells and macrophages. The objective of this experiment is to know the influence the protein kinase C inhibitor - bisindolylmaleimides in phagocytosis activity toward Candida sp. The culture of peritoneal macrophage derived from BALB/c mice are treated with bisindolylmaleimides as a protein kinase C inhibitor concentration varied from 5 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml for as long as 1 minute. Then the Candida sp added is observed after every 30 minute for as long as 120 minute. As the experimental design is used themethod of factorial and orthogonal polynomial. The data consisting the length of pseudopodia and the number of Candida sp which are phagocytosed are analyzed applying the Anova. One Way Anova to show the differences of each manipulation, the Two Way Anova to show the interaction of manipulations and the Student's t Test to show the differences with control. Statistical test show significant differences on the length of pseudopodia, and phagocytosed Candida sp, at different bisindolylmaleimides concentration (p<0.001) and different observed time (p<0.001). The data show a significant interaction between the bisindolylmaleimides concentration and observed time (p<0.001). The higher the bisindolylmaleimides concentration, the earlier the observed time, the much number the protein kinase C are going inactive and the shorter the length of pseudopodia or the lower the macrophages phagocytic activity toward Candida sp. The result of this experiment indicates that bisindolylmaleimides can inhibit the macrophage mobility and phagocytic activity toward Candida sp. Further experiment in protein kinase C, especially in macrophage, is suggested. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 150-7)
Study of genetic diversity of Salmonella typhi using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.25

Abstract

DNA genomes of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi), which were isolated from sporadic typhoid fever cases who were hospitalized in Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, during the 1st semester of 1998, were examined for their genetic diversities. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of genomic DNA digested with Xbal was performed for 25 isolates. Electrophoresis patterns of most isolates varied and 18 PFGE types were identified. Cluster analysis showed that all isolates originated from two main groups; and at ≥84% level of similarity, 7 clusters were found. Thus, the results showed that genetic diversity of S. typhi was considerably high, and that S. typhi isolated from sporadic typhoid fever cases were derived from multiple clones. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 158-63)
Assessment of utility of Siriraj Stroke Score (SSS) in stroke patients of Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS hospital, Rohtak, India
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.26

Abstract

India has predominantly poor rural population where brain CT scan, most often advised investigation in patients of stroke, may not always be available, hence Indian physician in such setting base his diagnosis on bed side sign evaluation for which Siriraj Stroke Score (SSS) could be helpful. Objective of study: to assess the utility of SSS in patients of stroke. Methodology: sixty subjects of stroke were evaluated on SSS and 'probable' diagnosis so made was compared with CT scan's (brain) 'certain' diagnosis. Main findings: by using SSS, the probable bedside diagnosis was cerebral infarct (score < -1) in 32 subjects and cerebral haemorrhage (score > +1) in 24 subjects while 4 subjects had indeterminant score (-1 to +1). Fifty subjects had their probable diagnosis matched with brain CT scan certain diagnosis. The above findings showed that SSS had 93.7% sensitivity, 76.6% specificity, 81.2% positive predictive value, 92% negative predictive value with an overall accuracy as 93.7% for diagnosis of cerebral infarction. For patients of cerebral haemorrhage the sensitivity was 83.3%, specificity was 92.5%, positive predictive value was 86.9%, negative predictive values was 92.5% with overall accuracy as 83.3%. Principal conclusion: physicians in the rural settings may find SSS to be quite useful in the management of stroke especially where more sophisticated radiological investigations may not be available for confirmation of diagnosis due to high cost or attended due to transportation risk. (Med J Indones 2007; 10: 164-8)
Traumatic hemipelvectomy (amputae): Report of one case
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.27

Abstract

Traumatic hemipelvectomy (amputae) is a catastrophic injury resulting front violent shearing forces which avulsed the lower limb at the level sacroiliac joint and symphisis pubis. Patients surviving traumatic hemipelvectomy are rare. One case of a 25 months old girl surviving traumatic hemipelvectomy), is presented. This is the first case reported from Indonesia. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 169-73)

Page 14 of 166 | Total Record : 1657

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