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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,657 Documents
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The prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in rural population of Bali: A preliminary study
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.28

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out from March until September 1992 in 4 different geo-climatic rural villages in Bali to assess the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection related to age, gender and geo-climatic condition. The number of selected samples using multistage stratified random sampling based on age and gender was 2880. Strongyloides larvae in stool samples were identified by modified Harada Mori fecal culture technique. The results showed that the overall prevalence of Strongyloides infection was 1.6%; the prevalence in male was 1.2% and in female was 2.1%, however the gender difference was not statistically significant. In term of age, there was no statistically significant difference. The highest prevalence (2.4%) was found among 7-12 years children, followed by aged 7 years or less (1.6%), 18 years or over (1.6%), and 13-18 years (0.6%). The prevalence of Strongyloides infection related to geo-climatic conditions was significantly difference. The highest prevalence of Strongyloides infection was at wet highland (3.3%), followed by wet lowland (1.5%), dry highland (1.0%), and dry lowland (0.9%). In conclusion, the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bali was very low. Prevalence of Strongyloides infection was highly related to geo-climatic type of area, but not to gender and age groups. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 174-7)
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM): A new choice for postmenopausal women and physicians who worry on cancer
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.29

Abstract

The postmenopausal state is characterized by the cessation of menstruation, loss of ovarian function, and a dramatic decrease in the level of circulating estrogen. This state of estrogen deficiency contributes to the acceleration of several age-related health problems in women, including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and dementia. Estrogen replacement is clearly effective in the short-term and long-term treatment and prevention of postmenopausal symptoms. However, until now, the amount of HRT user is still very low. Fear of breast cancer and endometrial cancer are the most common concern in using hormone replacement therapy (HRT), although the relationship between long-term HRT and breast cancer remains controversial. For physicians or patients, who worry on cancer, the ideal drug is now available i.e. the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM), with the generic name raloxifine. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 187-90)
Filariasis in the new millennium
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.30

Abstract

The lndonesian national filariasis eradication program in its pursuit in obtaining microfilarial rates below 1% in filariasis endemic locations was on its right track until the monetary crisis started 3 years ago. This crisis which is not over yet at present is complicated by unstable public safety causing population shifts where people from filaria endemic locations seek refuge in non-endemic areas. This updated review will hopefully serve as a timely reminder to our physicians and health workers especially on the mode of filarial transmission as well as on its clinical presentations and presently accepted ways of manaqement. This paper also will serve as an introduction into the present breakthroughs in this new millenium as noted in the field of diagnostics and simplified mass treatment schedules making it possible for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. A global alliance under the guidance of the World Health Organization with support of the multinational pharmaceutical companies for providing free expensivemedication as needed. The WHO also cooperates closely with the Tropical Diseases Research task forces of Filariasis Intervention Research and of Product Development, that in the end will provide the means to eradicate this disease for once and forever from the face of the earth. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 191-6)
Genetic risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.31

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex condition, influenced by environmental and/or genetic risk factors. It is important to identify these factors, and develop new therapies for the management of COPD. This review identifies these factors and highlights the role they will play in future treatment options of COPD. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 178-81)
Neuropeptides in atopic dermatitis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2001): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i3.32

Abstract

The nervous system, the immune system, and the cutaneous system are not independent systems, but are closely associated and use the same language of cytokines and neurotransmitters. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is exacerbated by several factors, such as emotional stress, scratching and sweating. This review presents the role of neuropeptides (NP) in AD. In AD, abnormalities occur in distribution of some types of neural filaments and in the associated active NP. Nerve fibre increases. Nerve fibres for substance-P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are positive, The cutaneous concentration of SP decreases while vasoactive-intestinal polypeptide (VIP) increases. Immunohistochemical examination has revealed neuropeptide-Y (NPY)-positive dendritic epidermal cells in AD lesions but no somatostatin (SOM) fibres. Neuromediators modulate functions of all cutaneous cellular types, which are all part of the neuroimmunocutaneous system (NCIS): endothelial cells, glandular cells, fibroblasts, epidermal cells and immune cells. Conclusion: during the course of AD, the NICS is destabilized. Evidence show that NP can also be responsible for the induction and maintenance of the cutaneous inflammation process and confirm an involvement in the pathogenesis of AD. Release of the NP by cutaneous nerve potentially explains the role of emotional stress, scratching and sweating in exacerbation of AD. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 197-200)
The correlation between histologic placentitis and amnionitis and the amnioniotic fluid's inflammatory cytokines in case of spontaneous pre-term labor with intact membrane
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i4.34

Abstract

Pre-term labor is presumed to result from spreading of lower genital infection to upper part, subsequently to decidual and choioamniotic tissues. Host response to this injury include the expression of protein which is responsible to the inflammatory reactions. The expression of the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α increase in case of infection. These cytokines may play an essential role in the pathophysiology of spontaneous pretem labor with intact membrane. An observational analytic cohort study was caried out on cases of spontaneous pre-term labor with intact membrane. The objectives of this study are to examine the relationship between 1) the histologic amnionitis and placentitis and the incidence of preterm delivery,2) the expression of amniotic fluid's IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α and the incidence of preterm delivery, 3) the level of amniotic fluid's IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α and the grade of histologic amnionitis and placentitis in case of pre-term labor with intact membrane. Cases of spontaneous pre-term labor with intact membrane which underwent transabdominal amniocentesis at admission and managed as standard procedure for pre-term labor with intact membrane. All of the cases were observed until the delivery of the baby, eithir preterm or term. The membrane and the placenta were cut postnatally and then the histologic acute inflammation eyaluated based on the criteria of Salafia.The level of amniotic fluid IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were analyzed quantitatively by Elisa method. This study showed that the degree of histologic amnionitis and placentitis, and the level of amniotic fluid's IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly higher in pre-term compared to terrn deliveries (p<0.05) and there were a positive correlation between the grade of histologic inflammation and the level of amniotic fluid's cytokines (Spearmann Rank Correlation test; p<0,05) in cases of preterm labor with intact membrane. The higher the grade of histologic amnionitis and placentitis, the higher the level of arnniotic fluid's IL-β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α resulting in a higher risk of pre-term delivery in case of prererm labor with intact membrane. These correlation moy indicate a progression of inflammation from placenta and membrane into the amniotic cavity. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 203-9) Keywords: Inflammation, Preterm Labour
Identification of point mutations in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase gene in Timor Island people : A preliminary report
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i4.35

Abstract

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is common in malaria endemic region, however no molecular study has been performed on G6PD deficiency in Timor Island, Indonesia a malarial hyperendemic area which Proto Malay is the majority of the people in that island. To observe the frequency and molecular type of mutations in G6PD deficient Proto Malay people, 118 native people were screened using formazan ring test. Mutation in the G6PD gene were determined by MPTP (Multiple PCR using Multiple Tandem Forward Primers and a common Reserve Pimer) method and confirmed by automatic sequencer. This study shows that three males have lower G6PD activity. Using MPTP method, a point mutation could be indicated in the two cases. Sequencing of the amplified products in 2 G6PD patients disclosed mutations of T383C in exon 5 and C 592 T in exon 6 in respective case. Our result documents point mutations in exon 5 and exon 6 in the G6PD gene of two Proto Malay people in Timor. These mutations are common in Asia region. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 210-3)
Primary malignant mesenchymoma of bone
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i4.36

Abstract

Pimary malignant mesenchymoma of bone (PMMB) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm consisting of two or more unrelated malignant mesenchymal components other than fibrosarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Review of the literature reports only 16 cases, most of which were composed of osteosarcoma and liposarcoma. We report a case af PMMB composed of liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and high grade chondrosarcoma arising within the left distal femur in a 52-year-old male, resulting in the patient's death 3 months after presentation. (Med J Indones 2001;10: 235-41)
Combination of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in relapsed or nonresponding chronic hepatitis C patients following interferon therapy
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i4.37

Abstract

Twenty six patients (pts) with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who reLapsed or non-responded following.interferon (IFN) therapy were given lFN alfa-2b 3 MIU three times a week for 48 weeks in combination with Ribavirin 800-1000 mg daily 2I (80,8%) of the 26.pts completed the study consisted of 12 relapsers and 9 non-responders. Five pts dropped out due to drug adverse events in three pts and non-drug related reason in the other two. In the relapsed group complete response, relapse and sustained response rates were obtained in 9/12(75%), 2/2 (16,5%) and 7/12(58,3%) pts respectively. In the non- responding group, these figures were 3/9 (33,3%), 1/9(I1,1%), and 2/9(22,2%) pts, respectively. The most frequent adverse event was flu-like syndrome, which was found in 18 pts (85,7%). Combination therapy of IFN alfa-2b and ribavirin may induce sustained virological response in relapsed and non-responding CHC patients. This combination therapy is more effective for relapsers compared to for non-responders. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 214-8)
Past antihypertensive drugs, obesity, daily light working load and risk of hypertension: An Indonesian 2001 rural study
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v10i4.38

Abstract

This study aims to identify some risk factors related to hypeertension in rural areas. The data for this study is a part af the result of the field study done by the second year medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, on June 27h , 2001, at Cijeruk subdistrict in Bogor regency. The subjects were seleccted randomly using neighborhood cluster which was diffirent from the previous study in 2000. Interviews and blood pressure were taken at the houses of the subjects from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM. The results of this study showed that people aged 40 years or over had an increase risk to suffer hypertension compared to the 18-39 year old group, and the risk was most prominent among the 55-59 year group [adjusted odds ratio (OR)= 17.7; 95% confidence intervals (CI)=6.26-59.2). Compared to the subjects with normal body posture,those who were obese had more than two-fold increase in the risk to be hypertensive (adjusted OR= 0.87; 95% CI= 0.87-4.17; P= 0.109). In addition, those who discontinued antihypertensive drugs had almost 14-fold increase in the risk to be hypertensive relative to subjects who never take antihypertensive drugs (adjusted OR= 14.16; 95% CI= 7.14- 28.05). In general, the results of this study is similar with our last year study which used different subjects. This study concluded that special attention should be taken to the elderly aged 40 years and over, to some one who discontinued antihypertensive drugs; andwhom had light daily working load to prevent hypertension. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 224-9)

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