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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
 28   29   30   31   32 
Secondary pneumonia in tetanus patients: a review of six selectedcases (Case Report)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.179

Abstract

Tetanus, an infection by C.tetani continues to be a major health problem in the developing world. The course of the disease is typically prolonged, requiring weeks to months of supportive management to resolve. Several studies have been conducted to determine which factor/s really influenced the outcome of tetanus. Factors such as severity of spasms, age, sedation and tachycardia were found to significantly influence mortality. Patients now surviving the initial acute phase of their illness, but new problems have emerged autonomic dysfunction and hospital acquired pneumonia (often with multiresistant organisms) are now the commonest causes of death. This serial cases report presents six selected cases of tetanus, three patients acquired secondary pneumonia during treatment, among the three, two patients are elderly age 70 and 72 years old. Both of the presented patients died during treatment in the hospital. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 117-21) Keywords : tetanus, pneumonia complication
Spontaneous uterine rupture in a patient who had previously undergone laparoscopic myomectomy (Case Report)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.180

Abstract

Following laparoscopic myomectomy, uterine rupture during pregnancy or delivery in the area of the scar is a very rare but dangerous complication. Individual cases of uterine rupture during pregnancy are described in the literature. Case report of uterine rupture during delivery in a patient who had previously undergone laparoscopic myomectomy. In the case presented here, the patient conceived 6 months after an 3.5 cm intramural myoma, had been laparoscopically removed. No symptoms suggesting uterine rupture were observed during the pregnancy, but in the first stage of delivery the condition of the patient deteriorated and symptoms of oligaemic shock developed. A laparotomy was performed, which showed the presence of 2100 gr fresh dead fetus in the abdominal cavity and ruptured uterine muscle in the scarred area about 5 cm. In patients who have previously undergone a laparoscopic myomectomy, there is some risk of uterine rupture at delivery. This is also the case where unappropriate suturing of the uterine muscle had been required. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 113-6) Keywords : delivery, infertility, laparoscopic myomectomy, uterine rupture.
Diagnostic test of endometrial cytobrush in cases of perimenopausal and postmenopausal hemorrhage
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.181

Abstract

Perimenopausal menopausal hemorrhage can be due to by a variety of causative factors. One of its dangerous causes is atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. There are a number of risk factors for the occurrence of endometrial carcinoma. The group that has this risk belongs to high-risk group. In this high-risk group, it is necessary to have a method to identify the changes in endometrial abnormality. One of the alternatives is the examination of endometrial cytology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and correlation test between endometrial cytology and endometrial histology. This study was a diagnostic test of cytological examination of the endometrium as compared with endometrial histology. Endometrial cytology was performed with a modification of cytubrush and IUD shell. Specimen was dissolved into the centrifuged NaCl, and its deposits were then processed for cytological examination with Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining. After the taking of cytology, the process was continued with curettage of the endometrium, and the specimens were processed for cytological examination. Both of them were examined by anatomic pathologist. Statistical analysis used diagnostic test using histological examination of curetage specimens as gold standard. During the period of study 45 study samples were collected, among which 12 (26.66%) were endometrial adenocarcinoma, 6 (13.33%) with atypical hyperplasia, 11 (24.44%) with non-atypical hyperplasia, 15 (33.33%) were samples without abnormality, and one sample with endometritis. Actual correlation value was 57.8%, correlation because of possibility 3.38%, and correlation not because of possibility 54.42%, potential correlation not because of possibility 96.62%, and Kappa value 0.56. It was concluded that cytological examination of the endometriurn with cytobrush could be employed as a screening method in the abnormalities of endometrial thickness, with sensitivity of 62.5% and specificity of 62.2%. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 87-91)Keywords: Endometrial cencer, endometrial cytology
Presurgical cytologic diagnostic test of uterine cavity in ovarian malignant tumor
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.182

Abstract

There are several methods for diagnosing ovarian carcinoma, such as gynecological examination, ultrasonographic examination, and tumor marker examination. However, all these combinations have not yielded high specificity antl sensitivity results. For this reason, it is necessary to perform other examinations to enhance both specificity and sensitivity, and one of them which is of interest to be studied is cytological examination of uterine cavity. By cytological examination of uterine cavity, it is hope that malignant cells originating from ovarian malignant tumor can be found. Discovery of ovarian malignant cells is possible because of peristaltic mechanism in the fallopian tube and negative pressure from uterine cavity, that makes possible the transportation of ovarian malignant cells into uterine cavity through the tube. The objective of this study is to understand the sensitiviry and specificity of cytological examination of uterine cavity in detecting ovarian malignancy. This stucty was a diagnostic test with histological examination as the gold standard, to understand sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value, and negative prediction value of cytological examination of uterine cavity. A total of 30 cases were included in the study. A nurnber of factors enhanced positive results in cytology of uterine cavity. Those factors were stage and ascites. The more advanced the stage, the greater the positive results, and the presence of ascites increased positive results. On diagnostic test, sensitivity of uterine cavity cytology was 48%, specificity 60, positive predictive value 85.7%, and negative predictive value 18.8% respectively. In conclusion, cytological examination of uterine cavity could be used as one of the methods in assistirtg the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 92-6)Keywords : cytology, uterine cavity, ovarian malignant tumor
Age, duration of work, noise and vibration in inducing hearing and balance impairments
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.183

Abstract

Noisy and vibrating bajaj, a public transportation in Jakarta, is a potential risk in inducing hearing and balance problems. Bajaj drivers in the Jakarta area were chosen by consecutive sampling and examined medically in the Neurotological Subdivision of the ENT Department of the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Hearing and balance impairments were then diagnosed from audiometric and posturographic tests. The study was carried out from March 2000 until October 2001. A number of 350 bajaj drivers participated in this study. There were 97 subjects without hearing and balance impairments, and 96 subjects suffered from hearing and balance impairments. Compared to drivers aged less than 40 years, those aged 41 years or more had a four-fold increased risk of developing hearing and balance impairments [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=3.90; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.67-9.01. Drivers working 9 hours or more a day had an increased risk 2.3 times of developing hearing and balance impairments compared those working less than 9 hours a day (adjusted OR=2.32; 95% CI=I.22-4.41). Furthermore, when compared to those who had been working for 1-5 years, those who had been working for 5 years had an increased tendency of developing hearing and balance impairments. Those who had been working 21-30 years had a seven-fold increased risk of developing hearing and balance impairments (adjusted OR=7.11; 95% CI=1.88-26.92). To minimize hearing and balance impairments bajaj drivers are recommended to work less than 8 hours a day. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 101-6) Keywords: noise, vibration, hearing, balance impairments, driver
Nutritional status of hyperlipidemics elderly in Indonesia according to body mass lndex (study in four Indonesian big cities)
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i2.184

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of hyperlipidemics elderly. A cross sectional study was undertaken in 4 big cities in Indonesia using multistage random sampling. The respondents were 656 hyperlipidemics and non hyperlipidemics elderly who were the subsample of 1261 sample of a larger population study. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements and biochemical blood analysis. To determine the nutritional status by Body Mass Index (BMI) the criteria used for elderly men and women are as follows, underweight BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m2, normoweight BMI 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2, overweight BMI 25 - 29.9 kg/m2, and obese BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2. To determine lipid status, the criteria used are as follows, hyperlipidemics elderly, those who had plasma total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl and or triglycerides ≥ 200 mg/dl. Prevalence of hyperlipidemics in elderly women is higher then elderly men, 56.2% vs 47.0%. The BMI of hyperlipidemics is mostly overweight (60.4%) and obese (57.1%) for elderly men; and mostly normoweight (59.1%) and overweight (59.5%) for elderly women. The prevalence of hyperlipidemics among undernourished elderly men and women were also quite high, 38.7% and 31.6% respectively. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 97-100) Keywords : BMI, hyperlipidemics, elderly
Cytosolic estrogen and progesterone receptor content in the endometriotic tissues and endometrium in women with and without endometriosis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2005): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i3.185

Abstract

In order to have a profile of cytosolic estrogen and progesterone receptors in either endometriotic tissue or endometrium in patients with and without endometriosis a cross-sectional study was performed involving 43 infertile women. They consisted of 31 (72.09%) endometriosis and 12 (27.91%) non-endometriosis cases; their average age was 32 ±4 years and 32 ±3 years respectively, with the average length of menstrual cycle 31 ±8 days and 29 ±1 days respectively. The endometriotic tissue was obtained by excision during ope-rative laparoscopy procedure, while the endometrium was obtained by biopsy following hysteroscopy procedure. These procedures were conducted within the periovulatory period (on Day 13-18 of the cycle).The sex steroid receptor content in the cytosol was measured quantitatively using enzyme-immunoassaymethod, and calculated as sex steroid receptor/cytosol protein (fmol/ml cytosol). It was found that the average cytosolic estrogen receptor concentration in the respective tissues were 512.99fmol/ml in the endometriotic ovary compared with 2369.17 in normal ovary and 632.18 fmol/ml in the endometriotic peritoneum compared with 9607.61 fmol/ml in normal peritoneum;while 99.28 fmol/ml and 608.33fmol/ml in the endometrium of women with endometriosis and those without endometriosis respectively. The average cytosolic progesterone receptor concentration found in the respective tissues were 50.64fmol/ml in the endometriotic ovary compared with 6469.42 fmol/ml in normal ovary and1631.40 fmol/ml in endometriotic peritoneum compared with 12466.99 in normal peritoneum, while21.26 fmol/ml and 599.61fmol/ml in the endometrium of women with endometriosis and those without endometriosis respectively. There is no significant difference in the receptor concentration between each tissue according to its topographic origin. However, this result may assume that the responsivity on hormonal treatment in endometriosis cases willdepend on the cytosolic sex steroid receptor content in the sick tissues, and the peritoneal lesions will possibly give better response than those in other sites. A further clinical trial is necessary. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 133-41)
Implementation of 25-well culture plates for M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing in Indonesia
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2005): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i3.186

Abstract

At present, there is no standardized method for Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing (DST) among laboratories in Indonesia. Since January 2001 to January 2004 we have tried to establish the method of 25-well culture plates with middlebrook's media (Drug Susceptibility Culture Plate (DSCP) method) used by the Dutch Supranational Reference Laboratory at the Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands. Our experience showed that this method potentially gives better result as it can be very well standardized, faster and provides detailed MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) values. Data from 364 isolates that have been tested by DSCP method showed that resistance to INH, rifampicin, ethambutol, and streptomycin were 21.4%, 19.8%, 15.7%, and 16.5% respectively. Multidrug resistance were found in 13.2% isolates. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 142-6)
Drospirinone: new generation of progestogen
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2005): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i3.187

Abstract

Drospirinone is a new generation of progestogen that possesses antimineralocorticoid effect. Progestogen of this type has been used as a component in combined contraceptives. The combined contraceptives of old generation contained progestogen component of testosterone derivative. Progestogen of this type does not have antimineralcorticoid effect, such that it could cause fluid retention. As a result, women who used combined pills of this type often complained of headache, breast pain, calf pain, increased body weight and blood pressure. Owing to its androgenic effect, combined contraception pills that contained testosterone-derived progestogen may cause acne and oily face. Combined contraception that contains drospirinone does not cause headache, breast pain, calf pain, increased body weight and blood pressure. Drospirinone has such a strong anti-androgenic nature that it does not result in acne and oily face. In addition, combination of ethinylestradiol and drospirinone can be used for treating pre-menstrual syndrome and menstrual pain. Drospirinone does not affect lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 190-3)
Intracranial germ cell tumour with extra cranial extension in a four month old infant - a case report
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2005): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v14i3.188

Abstract

Germ cell tumours of the central nervous system infiltrating the ipsilateral extracranial tissues are not a common presentation. A case of intracranial germ cell tumour with extracranial extension in a four month old infant is reported. The patient had undergone excision of the extracranial lesion followed by combination chemotherapy. Twelve months after the completion of the treatment the patient is doing fine and is on regular follow up. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 179-83)

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