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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
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Effect of clove cigarette exposure on white rat : special emphasis on the histopathology of respiratory tract
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.280

Abstract

Cigarette smoke is proved to cause various disturbances on respiratory tract. Clove cigarette is far more dangerous than common ("€œwhite"€) cigarette, since the tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxyde content is significantly higher. In Indonesia, 88% smokers consume clove cigarette. The clove cigarette effect to the respiratory tract have never been studied. Aim of this research is to study histopathological changes of respiratory tract in Sprague-Dawley white rats after smoke cigarette exposure. The study was performed using 20 white rats starting September 2005 until May 2006. Necropsy was done after final day of smoke exposure, then histopathological slides of the respiratory tract were processed and stained under light microscope and videomicrometer. Observed parameters were height and number of ciliated epithelia and goblet cells, also number of pneumocytes types I, II, and macrophages, and interstitial lung tissue reactions. The latest parameters were observed with semi-thin sections of resin embedded lung stained with Toluidine Blue. Result showed considerable histopathological changes on respiratory tract. The amount of epithelial cells on the group exposed to clove cigarette smoke were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05) on sinus, bronchi, and bronchioli area, while no significant difference were found on trachea (P>0.05). Number of goblet cells in exposed group was also higher (P>0.05). The epithelial height in exposed group was higher compared to control, but no statistical differences were found between male and female rats. The interstitial pneumonia score was statistically different (P<0.05) between the two groups. The amount of pneumocytes type II was higher than types I within the exposure group. Based on all mentioned above, we suggest that clove cigarette smoke exposure causes pathological disorders in rat respiratory tract. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:212-8)
Effect of tempe gembus on cholesterol profile in hyperlipidemic rats
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.281

Abstract

Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease has become a prominent health problem in Indonesia. High blood lipid level is considered to be among the risk factors, that can be controlled by dietary treatment. Like tempe kedele, tempe gembus, a nutritious food, is known to contain many substances that is able to influence blood lipid level. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various concentrations of tempe gembus on blood lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats. Tempe gembus were given in variations of 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% (w/w). The result of this study showed that 0% tempe gembus decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol level, and cholesterol HDL/LDL ratio, and increased LDL cholesterol level. Four percent tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio; 8% tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio; 12% tempe gembus increased triglyceride level, decreased total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL cholesterol level, and increased HDL/LDL ratio. However, a significant effect of tempe gembus were only the decrease in total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol (8% and 12% treatment), and increase in cholesterol HDL/ LDL ratio only happend in 8 % treatment. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:205-11)
Jatropha curcas latex inhibits the release of collagenase by gingival fibroblast
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.282

Abstract

Folkloric use of J. curcas latex among others are to cure tooth pain, bleeding gum and as anti-inflammatory drug. Collagenase is a neutral protease released by activated macrophage and also by fibroblasts in small amounts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of J. curcas latex on collagenase released by fibroblasts. Four doses of J. curcas latex from 37.5-300 g/ml were added to 3 human gingival primary fibroblast cell culture. After 1 to 4 days of incubation, collagenase in the supernatant was assayed with collagen. The degradation products were then separated by SDS-PAGE and the density of ¾ αA bands were measured semi quantitatively by Adobe Photo computer program. Result showed that J. curcas latex decreased collagenase released by human gingival fibroblast, and increasing dose inhibits more. It may be concluded that the latex of J. curcas inhibits the release of collagenase by human gingival fibroblast. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:219-23)
The different levels of interferron gamma capacity production on several stages of leprosy
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.283

Abstract

Informations concerning imunological activity in subclinical leprosy is still lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of subclinical leprosy and interferon- (IFN-) production at several stages of leprosy. This observational study using a cross sectional approach was conducted in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Twenty-six leprosy patients and 62 relatives who lived together with the leprosy patients were included in the study. The venous blood samples were taken from all (88) of the subjects. All of the venous blood samples were measured for IFN- levels by Elisa method. Sixty two blood samples from the relatives who lived together with the leprosy patients were measured for IgM anti PGL-1 to determine the subclinical stage of leprosy. Thus, there were three groups in this study: leprosy patients (LP), subclinical leprosy (SL) and sero-negative subjects (SN). Thirty three of the 62 relatives (53.2%) were in subclinical stage of leprosy, while 29 others were not (sero-negative). There was a significant difference (P= 0.001) in IFN- production capacity among the three groups (LP,SL and SN). Among the three groups, the LP group had the lowest, while SL group had the highest IFN- production capacity. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:224-7)
Non secretory multiple myeloma – a case report
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.284

Abstract

A rare variant of multiple mieloma, non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSM), is reported. Diagnosis of NSM is made by presentations of lytic bone lesions with bone pain, anemia, slight hypercalcemia, good renal function, negative results of protein and immunoelectrophoresis detecting monoclonal gammopathy, and positive clonal proliferation of plasma cells and atypical plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy. Immunophenotypic study resulted negative pan-B cell antigens and positive CD 79a. Patient condition was improved after institution of combination chemotherapy and 1 year afterward. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:257-60)
Advances in the practice of microsurgery: focusing on free anterolateral thigh perforator flap
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.285

Abstract

The purpose of this paper was to discuss an overview of the current clinical practice of microsurgery with a specific use of free anterolateral flap as one of the commonest flaps used in reconstructive surgery. A systematic review was performed through all English publication that goes to Pubmed during the period of 1997 to 2006 using keywords: "anterolateral thigh perforator flap." The studies involved were retrospective case reviews on using microsurgical technique and involves free anterolateral thigh flap only without muscle involvement. Evaluation was done to search the indications, contraindications, area or organ to reconstruct, the cause of defects need reconstructive surgery, morbidities, functional and aesthetic results, techniques in regard of suture material, and instruments. Using 7th edition EndNote program, 230 abstracts were successfully retrieved in term of "anterolateral thigh perforator flap" of ANY FIELD and Boolean logic OR. Fifty six abstracts from many journals matched the criteria. Due to our limitation to get all of those articles, finally, 8 articles from Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery became the resources of this paper. The overall success rate in terms of flap viability is 98% (525 from 535 flaps) with partial necrosis is as low as 2.2% (12 from 535 flaps). Thinning procedure is commonly applied with regards of the thin flap needed. The recipient sites from 8 articles varies and can be any part of the body includes facial, neck, pharyngoesophagus, breast, upper and lower extremity. Four out of 8 papers mentioned functional evaluation and all stated satisfactory to excellent outcome. There are also 4 papers mentioning the aesthetic evaluation. Overall evaluation was mentioned as good to excellent. It is concluded that free anterolateral thigh perforator flap is a well established choice in most soft tissue reconstruction. It can be indicated to any area needed reconstruction especially head and neck, extremity, and go beyond conventional for breast reconstruction. It has also superior result in pharyngoesophageal reconstruction. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:245-50)
Effect of age and sex on the association between lipid profile and obesity among telecomunication workers in Palembang
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.286

Abstract

The study objective is to examine the effects of age and sex on the association between various obesity parameters and lipid profile. The measurements of whole body obesity (body fat, body fat % and BMI), abdominal obesity (waist to hip ratio, waist to thigh ratio and waist circumference) and lipid profile (HDL, LDL, VLDL, total cholesterol and triglyceride) were performed on 112 telecom workers in Palembang (84 men and 28 women, age 25, 35, 45, and 55 years). All lipid parameters results depend on sex and age of subjects. The association between obesity assessments and HDL or LDL was independent of sex and age of subjects, whereas the association between obesity assessments and total cholesterol, VLDL and triglyceride is dependent on sex and age of subjects. Abdominal obesity has greater effect on VLDL and triglyceride levels than on other lipid parameters. Whole body obesity has equal effects on all lipid parameters. When comparing results of male and female subjects, obesity measurements and lipid profile association is stronger in male subjects of almost all age groups. The exception is a stronger association between abdominal obesity and VLDL or triglyceride levels in 45 years old female subjects. Obesity measurements and VLDL or triglyceride level association is independent of age, whereas obesity and total cholesterol association is stronger in younger subjects. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:251-6)
QRS distortion increased risk re-occurrence acute coronary events
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.287

Abstract

Nearly 50% of patients suffering inferior myocardial infarction will have complications or distinguishing features associated with an increased mortality. This study aimed to identify dominant risk factors related to re-occurrence of acute coronary events in patients with inferior myocardial infarction. This historical cohort included patients with inferior myocardial infarction who received fibrinolytic therapy at emergency department of National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta during 2001 to 2004 and was followed-up for two years. Patients with previous myocardial infarction, left bundle branch block, ventricular rhythm, and ventricular pacing were excluded. QRS distortion is ratio between J-point and R wave more than 50% at 2 or more inferior leads. Re-occurrence of acute coronary events is incident of myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris. Of 181 subjects with inferior AMI, there were 21 (11.6%) incidents of acute coronary event. Those who had positive than negative QRS distortion had almost three-fold increased risk for re-occurrence of acute coronary events [adjusted relative risk (RRa) 2.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05 – 7.90]. In term of TIMI risk score, those with higher than lower risk score had 6.7 times higher risk to be re-occurrence of acute coronary events (RRa = 6.66; 95% CI = 1.94 – 22.92). However, those who had than did not have successful fibrinolysis had 57% lower risk to be re-occurrence of acute coronary event (RRa = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.18 – 1.05; P = 0.065). Re-occurrence acute coronary events were related to QRS distortion, TIMI risk score, and successful fibrinolysis. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:240-4)
Temporomandibular disorders in elderly patients
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.288

Abstract

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a disorder that is still controversial in terms of correlation between clinical signs & symptoms and age. Most studies were carried out on adult populations with little attention given to the elderly. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the frequency of TMD in elderly population and risk factors pertinent to it. This is a cross sectional study which included patients aged 60-91 of Geriatric Department of National Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was examined for clinical signs & symptoms. Data was analyzed using non parametric Chi Square test. Although there is no significant p value obtained, there is a clear tendency that occurence of TMD diminishes with age, more male elderly experience TMD and elderly experiencing up to 13 tooth loss might have higher risk for TMD. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:237-9)
Association between dietary intake of vitamin A, C, and E as antioxidants and cognitive function in the elderly at a nursing home
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 4 (2007): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v16i4.289

Abstract

As oxidative stress is considered one of the major mechanisms underlying degenerative changes, antioxidants from dietary sources, such as vitamin A, C, and E, may have protective effects against oxidative stress and thus be able to prevent or delay cognitive impairment in the elderly. This cross sectional study was designed to determine the association between dietary intake of vitamin A, C, and E and the presence of cognitive impairment in the elderly, along with other factors. Subjects included 36 residents from a nursing home in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data obtained including daily nutrition intake values one week prior to sampling converted from semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) results, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and anthropometrical measurement results. This study showed that while sex, age, education, nutritional status, and macronutrients intake were not significantly associated with presence of cognitive impairment, significant positive correlation existed between education and MMSE score (p=0.036, r=0.351). Higher vitamin A and vitamin C intake were shown to be significantly associated with lower incidence of cognitive impairment (p=0.022 and p=0.045, respectively). Moreover, vitamin C was shown to have significant positive correlation with MMSE score (p=0.031, r=0.359). However, the association between vitamin E and the presence of impairment was not significant (p=0.129). Higher intake of vitamin A and C may delay or prevent cognitive impairment in the elderly. Higher intake of vitamin C may contribute to better cognitive functioning. The findings may be explained by the two antioxidant vitamins' protective effects against neurode generative processes cause by oxidative stress. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:261-6)

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