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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1411982X     EISSN : 23548509     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021" : 5 Documents clear
SSR MARKERS REVEALED GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF RICE BROWN PLANTHOPPER POPULATIONS MAINTAINED ON TWO SETS OF DIFFERENTIAL HOST VARIETIES Chaerani Chaerani; Siti Yuriyah; Ahmad Dadang; Kusumawaty Kusumanegara; Diani Damayanti; Bahagiawati Amir Husin; Sutrisno Sutrisno; Muhamad Yunus
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p77-84

Abstract

Resistance screening of promising rice lines in Indonesia requires the use of brown planthopper (BPH) biotypes 1, 2, and 3. Three BPH populations have been raised as biotypes 1, 2, and 3 on differential rice host of improved varieties Pelita I-1 (no Bph gene), IR26 (Bph1), and IR42 (bph2), respectively. Three alternative populations have also been developed on the respective traditional varieties TN1 (no Bph gene), Mudgo (Bph1), and ASD7 (bph2). Although these populations displayed two virulent patterns other than biotype 1 to 3 phenotypes, they were expected to be discriminated into two virulence groups by SSR analysis. The study aimed to investigate the level of genetic variation among the six BPH populations using SSR markers and to relate it with the observed virulence patterns. Genotyping of 30 females with 29 polymorphic SSR markers revealed higher genetic parameter values in populations reared on improved varieties than those on traditional varieties. This difference was marked as two population clusters in PCoA plots corresponding to the host variety type, in contrast to the previous assumption that clustering would be based on virulence patterns. The presence of individuals with unwanted virulence allele, either resulting from contamination during the long period of rearing or lack of host adaptation period, is suspected. The result of this study indicates that the six populations are not suitable for resistance screening. Virulence selection must be performed until they attain biotype 1 to 3 phenotypes which can be genetically separated by DNA markers.
EFFECT OF AMELIORANT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE AT TIDAL PADDY FIELD Sri Minarsih; Sri Karyaningsih; Samijan Samijan; Agus Supriyo; Yulis Hindarwati; Nadhifa Husna; Budi Winarto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p85-91

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important and strategic food crop in Indonesia, but low productivity in tidal paddy fields is a serious problem that must be overcome. The application of ameliorant would be worthy to increase the growth and yield of rice in tidal paddy fields. The study aimed to investigate the effect of ameliorant application on growth and yield of rice varieties in tidal paddy fields. The study was arranged in a split plot design with five replications. Rice varieties tested were Inpari 34, Dendang, Inpara 9, Inpari 35, and Ciherang as the main plot, and ameliorant types studied were humic acid, gypsum, zeolite, and organic fertilizer as the subplot. The results showed that the use of different rice varieties and amelioran types significantly increased the growth and yield of rice. Inpara 9 produced 7.6 t.ha-1 dry milled grain (DMG) or increased by 33.3% compared to Ciherang variety. Humic acid application at 25 kg ha-1 increased grain yield by 21.3% higher than that without ameliorant treatment. The best treatment to increase the growth and yield of rice in tidal paddy field was a combination of humic acid 25 kg.ha-1 and Inpari 34 which produced the DMG of 8.6 t ha-1 or 41% higher compared to Ciherang without ameliorant.
ESTIMATING VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, AND GENETIC ADVANCE OF RICE GENOTYPES IN MID-HILLS OF NEPAL Sashi Lamichhane; Nav Raj Adhikari; Bishwas K.C.; Sapana Thapa
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p92-101

Abstract

Rice is an essential staple food in Nepal but researches and varietal improvement programs are rarely carried out due to inadequate variability study. The field study was carried to diagnose the influence of genetic and environmental factors on yield traits to aid future rice breeding programs. Twelve genotypes were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications from July to November 2019 at the research field of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, in the hilly area of Nepal. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, flag leaf area, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, fertility percentage, effective tillers m-2, straw yield, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and harvesting index indicating the presence of variation in genotypes. LPN BR-1615 was the most promising genotype in grain yield. The values of Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) were higher than Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) for each trait and low difference between them was found for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, thousand-grain weight, fertility percentage, and harvesting index. Plant height, effective tillers m-2, and grain yield showed high heritability (i.e. 93.2%, 60.5% and 92.6%, respectively) and higher genetic advance as percentage of mean (i.e. 46.5, 34.6 and 50.1, respectively) . Thus, the experiment revealed that selections favoring plant height, effective tillers m-2, and grain yield would help in effective breeding programs of rice in future.
POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI DERIVING FROM ASIATIC PENNYWORTH TO PRODUCE ANTIOXIDANTS Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Nani Radiastuti; Nurhasni Nurhasni; Lisca Puji Rustanti; Ika Roostika Tambunan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p58-65

Abstract

Asiatic pennyworth is a medicinal plant that contains triterpenoids, saponin, flavonoids, and tannins which possess antioxidants. Endophytic fungi from the plant could produce a similar compound; therefore, antioxidants could be made in the laboratory if the fungi are isolated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from Asiatic pennyworth to produce antioxidants. The study used 34 endophytic fungal isolates from Asiatic pennyworth accessions of Malaysia (17 isolates) and Bengkulu, Indonesia (17 isolates) collected by the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. The fungi were propagated in a potato dextrose broth medium, then mycelia mats and filtrates were separated and then freeze-dried. The antioxidant activities were first tested with 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using thin layer chromatography (TLC), then UV-Vis spectrophotometry λ517 nm with five variations of concentration. Results showed all 34 fungal isolates have antioxidant activities based on a yellowish-white color change after applying 0.002% DPPH solution of the TLC method and IC50 value of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by Aspergillus austroafricanus MB 1 (IC50 = 12.08 ppm) from Bengkulu accession and A. oryzae MM 13 (IC50 = 10.29 ppm) from Malaysia accession. A. austroafricanus MB 1 produced more antioxidant compounds (seven) than A. oryzae MM 13 (six). The antioxidant compounds produced by both endophytic fungi included in the group of flavonoids, fatty acids, and carboxylic acids. The research implies that A. austroafricanus MB 1 and A. oryzae MM 13 could be further developed as sources of antioxidants.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS AMONG PROGENIES OF ENSET CLONES ORIGINATED FROM SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA Abraham Bosha; Mesfin Kebede Gessese
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p66-76

Abstract

The present cultivated enset (Ensete ventricosum) clonal landraces in Ethiopia originated from few wild progenitors. However, enset has a mixed mode of reproduction in which, the wild enset reproduces sexually through seeds, while cultivated enset is generally propagated vegetatively. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic structure of enset cultivars through genetic analysis of qualitative morphological traits and estimate their genetic variability by evaluating the quantitative agronomic traits data generated from progenies of cultivated and wild enset genotypes. Hence, seeds collected from six cultivated and four wild enset genotypes were used for this study. Data on four qualitative and six quantitative morphological traits were recorded from the progenies of the 10 enset genotypes. Progenies of seven enset genotypes segregated in a 3:1 segregation ratio while progenies of the remaining genotypes segregated differently for the qualitative traits considered. With regard to the quantitative traits, the progenies of the 10 enset genotypes differed significantly for five of the six traits except pseudostem length. The cultivated clones, in general performed better than that of the wild types. Moderate heritability (h2b) estimates and high genetic advances were obtained for leaf length (0.38, 62.0%), pseudostem circumference (0.35, 78.5%), and plant height (0.30, 19.1%) indicating selection for these traits indirectly improves economic yield of enset clones. This study demonstrated the possibility of creating genetic variation through selfing the existing enset genotypes for traits of interest and making improvements either through selection or crossing the elite types to develop novel enset cultivars.

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