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<![CDATA[Keunggulan Penggunaan Fosfat Alam pada Pertanaman Kedelai di Lahan Kering Masam ]]>
<![CDATA[Wijanarko, Andy]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Phosphorus is an essential nutrient required in large quantities by plants after Nitrogen. Rock phosphate is an alternative to improve the P availability in the soil, especially in acid soils. The use of rock phosphate in agriculture, should primarily be initiated by improving its reactivity due to its low reactivity. Characteristics of rock phosphate, chemical and physical properties of soil, and type of crops grown are greatly affecting the direct application rock phosphate in agriculture. The natural phosphate may be improved by the application of organic matter, use of strong acid or sulfur, application of phosphate solvent microorganisms, and increase use of high solubility fertilizer such as SP-36.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemanfaatan Biji Keriput Kacang Tanah sebagai Benih ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahmianna, Agustina Asri]]>;
<![CDATA[Purnomo, Joko]]>;
<![CDATA[Harnowo, Didik]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
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<![CDATA[State Law No. 12/92 on agricultural systems for food crops stated that good quality seeds is seeds of correct and pure variety with high genetic, physiological and physical qualities, and in accordance with the quality standard of its class. The demand for groundnut seeds were almost entirely fulfilled by informal seed supply, which may come from a traditional system (farmers use their own seeds), buying from agricultural shops that process their own harvested pods into seeds, or buying from informal seed growers. Whilst the certified seeds produced by official seed growers is very limited in amount and supplys only a small portion of the total national seed demand. Under such condition, selection for seed quality is mainly based on the physical seed condition, such as seed size, brightness of seed coat color, and maturity of seeds. In other words, farmers prefer to select sound mature kernels and reject the shriveled kernels. Research results, however, indicated that plants generated from shriveled kernels were not significantly different to those generated from pithy kernels in term of growth and pod yield. Given the high cost and limited stocks of seed during the high planting season, it is advisable seed sorting process is not too tight and the use of wrinkled seeds for planting is prioritized. When there are overstock seeds, it is suggested to keep the sound or pithy seeds or to consume these seeds for food safety issue. This is because research results showed that shriveled seeds are more susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination than the pithy seeds.]]>
<![CDATA[Prospek Varietas Toleran dalam Pengendalian Hama Kutu Kebul pada Kacang Tanah ]]>
<![CDATA[Kasno, Astanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Suharsono, Suharsono]]>;
<![CDATA[Trustinah, Trustinah]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
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<![CDATA[The status of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) as a major pest of groundnut had increased in the past few years. Severe pest attacks occurred in the hot and dry season caused significant groundnut yield loss. An effective component of whitefly control is the use of resistant varieties since it has a wide host range. Evaluation of groundnut for resistant germplasms had been carried out with resistant criteria as a basis for the assesment. So far there has been no resistant groundnut genotypes identified as indicated by the number of whiteflies observed on each of groundnut genotype (256 whiteflies per accession). The resistance was defined as the ability of plants to grow under the pest infestation and produce acceptable yield. In this study, the pod yield criteria for resistance to whitefly were set up as follow: >1.2 t/ha = resistant (R); 1.0 to 1.2 t/ha = moderately resistant (MR), and <1.0 t/ha = susceptible (S). Based on these criteria and selection limit of 50% pod yield, 15 groundnut genotypes were found resistant to whitefly with pod yields ranging from 1.2-2.0 t/ha dry pods. Three groundnut varieties that resistant to whitefly were Takar 1, Talam 1, and Landak. Among these varieties, Takar 1 was the most resistant variety to whitefly. In order to maintain the resistance and to avoid the development of new strains of whiteflies, it is suggested that the planting of resistant groundnut should be integrated with selective use of insecticides.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemupukan sebagai Penentu Produktivitas Ubi Jalar ]]>
<![CDATA[Paturohman, Eman]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumarno, Sumarno]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
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<![CDATA[Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a cosmopolitan crop, grown on 116 countries in the world. A total of 34 countries harvested 200,000 tons or more fresh tuber annually, and 82 countries with a national production less than 200,000 tons per year. China accounted for 68% of the worldâs sweet potato production or 90% of the Asian fresh tuber production. The sweet potato productivity varies among countries in the world, from less than 5 t/ha to 24 t/ha, mainly related to the amount use of inorganic fertilizers of N, K, and organic fertilizer. The recommended use of fertilizers for sweet potato is as follow: low to moderate dosage of N (40 to 75 kg N/ha), low dossage of P (20-50 kg P2O5 /ha), and medium to high dosage of K (75-100 kg K2O/ha), combined with organic manure (3-10 t/ha). Indonesian sweet potato productivity is relatively high as compared to that in other countries in the world with an average of 14.75 t/ha. In the provincial production center, sweet potato productivity ranges from 18 to 22.7 t/ha fresh tuber except in Nusa Tenggara Timur (7.5 t/ha) and Papua (10.9 t/ha). In other provinces, the productivities range from 7.1 to 15.5 t/ha fresh tubers. Commercial sweet potato farming is always carried out under an optimum agroecology condition; however farmers do not always obtain optimum yield due to inoptimum application of fertilizer. Application of the recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizers with the addition of 3 to 5 t/ha organic manure is expected to improve sweet potato productivity to 24-25 t/ha fresh tubers. Improvement on sweet potato productivity will increase the supply of fresh tubers to the markets and thus, increases the sweet potato consumption as a rice substitute.]]>
<![CDATA[Cendawan Tular Tanah (Rhizoctonia solani) Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pelepah pada Tanaman Jagung dan Sorgum dengan Komponen Pengendaliannya ]]>
<![CDATA[Soenartiningsih, Soenartiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Akil, M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Andayani, N. N.]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
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<![CDATA[Sheath blight is an important disease of maize and sorghum. Yield decrease on susceptible varieties of both commodities due to the disease is high. The fungus survives in the form of sclerotia or hyphae in the soil or remains on infected plants. The pathogen has a wide range of host plants including members of the families Leguminosae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Gramineae, hence causes the fungi difficult to control. Control of the disease could be done biologically using antagoistic microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae, planting resistant varieties, as well as mechanically, physically, and chemically.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemanfaatan Biji Keriput Kacang Tanah sebagai Benih ]]>
<![CDATA[Agustina Asri Rahmianna]]>;
<![CDATA[Joko Purnomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Didik Harnowo]]>
<![CDATA[ Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[State Law No. 12/92 on agricultural systems for food crops stated that good quality seeds is seeds of correct and pure variety with high genetic, physiological and physical qualities, and in accordance with the quality standard of its class. The demand for groundnut seeds were almost entirely fulfilled by informal seed supply, which may come from a traditional system (farmers use their own seeds), buying from agricultural shops that process their own harvested pods into seeds, or buying from informal seed growers. Whilst the certified seeds produced by official seed growers is very limited in amount and supplys only a small portion of the total national seed demand. Under such condition, selection for seed quality is mainly based on the physical seed condition, such as seed size, brightness of seed coat color, and maturity of seeds. In other words, farmers prefer to select sound mature kernels and reject the shriveled kernels. Research results, however, indicated that plants generated from shriveled kernels were not significantly different to those generated from pithy kernels in term of growth and pod yield. Given the high cost and limited stocks of seed during the high planting season, it is advisable seed sorting process is not too tight and the use of wrinkled seeds for planting is prioritized. When there are overstock seeds, it is suggested to keep the sound or pithy seeds or to consume these seeds for food safety issue. This is because research results showed that shriveled seeds are more susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination than the pithy seeds.]]>
<![CDATA[Prospek Varietas Toleran dalam Pengendalian Hama Kutu Kebul pada Kacang Tanah ]]>
<![CDATA[Astanto Kasno]]>;
<![CDATA[Suharsono Suharsono]]>;
<![CDATA[Trustinah Trustinah]]>
<![CDATA[ Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[The status of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) as a major pest of groundnut had increased in the past few years. Severe pest attacks occurred in the hot and dry season caused significant groundnut yield loss. An effective component of whitefly control is the use of resistant varieties since it has a wide host range. Evaluation of groundnut for resistant germplasms had been carried out with resistant criteria as a basis for the assesment. So far there has been no resistant groundnut genotypes identified as indicated by the number of whiteflies observed on each of groundnut genotype (256 whiteflies per accession). The resistance was defined as the ability of plants to grow under the pest infestation and produce acceptable yield. In this study, the pod yield criteria for resistance to whitefly were set up as follow: >1.2 t/ha = resistant (R); 1.0 to 1.2 t/ha = moderately resistant (MR), and <1.0 t/ha = susceptible (S). Based on these criteria and selection limit of 50% pod yield, 15 groundnut genotypes were found resistant to whitefly with pod yields ranging from 1.2-2.0 t/ha dry pods. Three groundnut varieties that resistant to whitefly were Takar 1, Talam 1, and Landak. Among these varieties, Takar 1 was the most resistant variety to whitefly. In order to maintain the resistance and to avoid the development of new strains of whiteflies, it is suggested that the planting of resistant groundnut should be integrated with selective use of insecticides.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemupukan sebagai Penentu Produktivitas Ubi Jalar ]]>
<![CDATA[Eman Paturohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumarno Sumarno]]>
<![CDATA[ Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a cosmopolitan crop, grown on 116 countries in the world. A total of 34 countries harvested 200,000 tons or more fresh tuber annually, and 82 countries with a national production less than 200,000 tons per year. China accounted for 68% of the world’s sweet potato production or 90% of the Asian fresh tuber production. The sweet potato productivity varies among countries in the world, from less than 5 t/ha to 24 t/ha, mainly related to the amount use of inorganic fertilizers of N, K, and organic fertilizer. The recommended use of fertilizers for sweet potato is as follow: low to moderate dosage of N (40 to75 kg N/ha), low dossage of P (20-50 kg P2O5/ha), and medium to high dosage of K (75-100 kg K2O/ha), combined with organic manure (3-10 t/ha). Indonesian sweet potato productivity is relatively high as compared to that in other countries in the world with an average of 14.75 t/ha. In the provincial production center, sweet potato productivity ranges from 18 to 22.7 t/ha fresh tuber except in Nusa Tenggara Timur (7.5 t/ha) and Papua (10.9 t/ha). In other provinces, the productivities range from 7.1 to 15.5 t/ha fresh tubers. Commercial sweet potato farming is always carried out under an optimum agroecology condition; however farmers do not always obtain optimum yield due to inoptimum application of fertilizer. Application of the recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizers with the addition of 3 to 5 t/ha organic manure is expected to improve sweet potato productivity to 24-25 t/ha fresh tubers. Improvement on sweet potato productivity will increase the supply of fresh tubers to the markets and thus, increases the sweet potato consumption as a rice substitute.]]>
<![CDATA[Cendawan Tular Tanah (Rhizoctonia solani) Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pelepah pada Tanaman Jagung dan Sorgum dengan Komponen Pengendaliannya ]]>
<![CDATA[Soenartiningsih Soenartiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Akil]]>;
<![CDATA[N. N. Andayani]]>
<![CDATA[ Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Sheath blight is an important disease of maize and sorghum. Yield decrease on susceptible varieties of both commodities due to the disease is high. The fungus survives in the form of sclerotia or hyphae in the soil or remains on infected plants. The pathogen has a wide range of host plants including members of the families Leguminosae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Gramineae, hence causes the fungi difficult to control. Control of the disease could be done biologically using antagoistic microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium spp., and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae, planting resistant varieties, as well as mechanically, physically, and chemically.]]>
<![CDATA[Keunggulan Penggunaan Fosfat Alam pada Pertanaman Kedelai di Lahan Kering Masam ]]>
<![CDATA[Andy Wijanarko]]>
<![CDATA[ Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[Phosphorus is an essential nutrient required in large quantities by plants after Nitrogen. Rock phosphate is an alternative to improve the P availability in the soil, especially in acid soils. The use of rock phosphate in agriculture, should primarily be initiated by improving its reactivity due to its low reactivity. Characteristics of rock phosphate, chemical and physical properties of soil, and type of crops grown are greatly affecting the direct application rock phosphate in agriculture. The natural phosphate may be improved by the application of organic matter, use of strong acid or sulfur, application of phosphate solvent microorganisms, and increase use of high solubility fertilizer such as SP-36.]]>
