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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 22 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2015)" : 22 Documents clear
Daya Repelensi Biopestisida Terhadap Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa oratorius, Fabricus) di Laboratorium Sihombing, Maic Audo Eybi Mayer; Samino, Setijono
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

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Abstract

Biopestisida adalah pestisida organik yang dipakai untuk mengendalikan populasi hama di bawah batas ambang ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi efektif biopestisida yang dapat mengusir walang sangit dewasa, baik pada kondisi gravid dan non gravid (kondisi campur) dan non gravid. Walang sangit dewasa diaklimatisasi selama satu minggu di laboratorium. Konsentrasi biopestisida yang digunakan adalah 0 %, 1,79 %, 3,57 %, 7,14 %, 14,29 %, dan 50 %. Uji repelensi dilakukan dengan menggunakan olfaktometer empat lengan yang dimodifikasi menjadi binary choice. Data dianalisis dengan uji T tidak berpasangan, SPSS 16 untuk Windows. Seluruh konsentrasi biopestisida efektif untuk mengusir walang sangit dewasa dalam kondisi campur (P>0,05) dengan daya repelensi berkisar antara 70-90 %. Konsentrasi efektif biopestisida untuk mengusir walang sangit dewasa dengan kondisi non gravid yaitu 14,29 % dan 50 % dengan daya repelensi berturut-turut yaitu 83,33 % dan 90,91 %. Durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh walang sangit dewasa kondisi campur bervariasi untuk setiap konsentrasi efektif (50 % : 23,13 detik;   14,29 % : 27,67 detik; 7,14 % : 27,11 detik; 3,57 % : 23,50 detik;  1,79% : 45,70 detik). Durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh walang sangit dengan kondisi non gravid pada konsentrasi efektif yaitu 13,91 detik dan 18,70 detik. Kata kunci: Biopestisida, Leptocorisa oratorius, Fabricus, Olfaktometer Binary Choice, Repelensi
Profile of T cells after dexamethasone treatment in BABL/c mice Iga Dwi Januarisasi; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Regulation of homeostatic mechanisms and the development of T lymphocytes is influenced by several things, one of them is glucocorticoids. Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drugs used in the treatment for several diseases acted as an anti-inflammatory. The aim of this experiment was to confirm the effect of dexamethasone at normal dose and high dose on T cell profile and also to know the quantity of T cells after dexamethasone injection in each dose. This experiment we applied 18 mice in the age of 2 week and divided into 3 treatment groups with six replication i.e. control, dexamethasone injection with normal dose (0.5 mg/kg BW) and high dose (10 mg/kg BW), then observed on day-7 after injection. T cells were isolated from the spleen and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data analysis was confirmed with the ANOVA test followed by Turkey test with significance different (α) of 0.05. The result showed that dexamethasone act as immunosuppressant agent on high dose (10 mg/kgBB). Dexamethasone injection with normal dose on healthy mice showed no significant different in total number of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD62L, and CD8+CD62L compared to control. But, dexamethasone injections with high dose showed that the total number of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD62L, and CD8+CD62L were decreased significantly. Key words: Dexamethasone, Flowcyto metry, Glucocorticoid, Immunosuppressant, T lymphocyte.
Daya Repelensi Biopestisida Terhadap Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa oratorius, Fabricus) di Laboratorium Maic Audo Eybi Mayer Sihombing; Setijono Samino
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Biopestisida adalah pestisida organik yang dipakai untuk mengendalikan populasi hama di bawah batas ambang ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi efektif biopestisida yang dapat mengusir walang sangit dewasa, baik pada kondisi gravid dan non gravid (kondisi campur) dan non gravid. Walang sangit dewasa diaklimatisasi selama satu minggu di laboratorium. Konsentrasi biopestisida yang digunakan adalah 0 %, 1,79 %, 3,57 %, 7,14 %, 14,29 %, dan 50 %. Uji repelensi dilakukan dengan menggunakan olfaktometer empat lengan yang dimodifikasi menjadi binary choice. Data dianalisis dengan uji T tidak berpasangan, SPSS 16 untuk Windows. Seluruh konsentrasi biopestisida efektif untuk mengusir walang sangit dewasa dalam kondisi campur (P>0,05) dengan daya repelensi berkisar antara 70-90 %. Konsentrasi efektif biopestisida untuk mengusir walang sangit dewasa dengan kondisi non gravid yaitu 14,29 % dan 50 % dengan daya repelensi berturut-turut yaitu 83,33 % dan 90,91 %. Durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh walang sangit dewasa kondisi campur bervariasi untuk setiap konsentrasi efektif (50 % : 23,13 detik;   14,29 % : 27,67 detik; 7,14 % : 27,11 detik; 3,57 % : 23,50 detik;  1,79% : 45,70 detik). Durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh walang sangit dengan kondisi non gravid pada konsentrasi efektif yaitu 13,91 detik dan 18,70 detik. Kata kunci: Biopestisida, Leptocorisa oratorius, Fabricus, Olfaktometer Binary Choice, Repelensi
EXPLORATION NON-SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA PRODUCED IAA (INDOLE ACETIC ACID) AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZATION FROM APPLE’S TREE RHIZOSPHERE IN BATU, EAST JAVA Ratna Fadhilah Israwan; Tri Ardyati; Suharjono Suharjono
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Biofertilizer is fertilizer contain microbes that help provide available nutriens for plants. Non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria has been widely utilized as a biofertilizer agent. The objective of this research was to explore bacteria have ability in fixing nitrogen, producing IAA (indole acetic acid) and solubilizing phosphate from rhizosfer of Apple tree in Batu City. East Java. Isolation of soil sample from Apple tree rhizosphere was carried out using serial dilution. Nitrogen fixation ability was assayed qualitatively using nitrogen free bromothymol blue (Nfb) medium enriched with tryptophan. Quantitative measurement of Nitrogen fixation was done by Visocolor ammonium alpha detection kit. IAA production was observed in Luria Bertani medium enriched with tryptophan and Salkowski reagent. Detection of phosphate solubilization was done using Pikovskaya agar and Mo-blue reagent. Four isolates were obtained, isolates TR1, TR2, TR4 and TR5. All isolates have ability to fix nitrogen and to produce IAA. Isolate TR5 has the highest ability of nitrogen fixing (1 mg/L). Isolate TR1 produce maximum IAA concentration (793,55 µg/mL) at 48 hours. Isolate TR4 has the highest ability to solubilize phosphate (31,28 ppm) with index of phosphate solubization 1,21. Isolate TR1, TR4 and TR5 are potential as biofertilizer agents. Keywords: Biofertilizer, IAA, nitrogen fixation, phosphate, rhizosphere  
Effectivity Combination of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) Extract to Suppress Proinflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic Mouse Models Firda Agustin; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

nsulin Resistance (IR) is main characteristic of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. IL-6 and IFNγ play important role in the deterioration of this disease. The aim of this experiment was to know effectivity combination of Bitter Melon and Bitter to decrease the expression of IL-6 and IFNγ in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were induced by injecting streptozotocin to neonate BALB/c mice in the age of five days (100 mg/kg BW). This experiment applied five groups which divided into  normal group, T2D (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus model group), T2D-D1 (Bitter Melon dose 5,6 mg/kg BW and Bitter 20 g/kg BW), T2D-D2 (Bitter Melon doses 56 mg/kg BW and Bitter doses 200 mg/kg BW) and T2D-D3 (Bitter Melon doses 5600 mg/kg BW and Bitter doses 20000 mg/kg BW). Relative number of proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The results showed that the treatment with Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) gave different effect compared to T2D groups. Medicinal herbs groups supressed proinflamatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IFNγ. So that relative number of IL-6 and IFNγ in treated group is lower than Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) mice model.   Key words: IFNγ, IL-6, Insulin, Proinflammatory
The Effect of Different Media Content on Protease Activity Bacillus subtilis Siti Nurkasanah; Nashi Widodo
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Enzymes were protein molecules that synthesized cells to accelerate biochemical reactions. One of the microorganisms that produce a protease was Bacillus subtilis. B. subtilis used in this research consisted of isolate 1 and isolate 2. Methods used include thequalitative assay of protease activity through theclear zone on skim milk agar and calculation of protease activity on production media such as NB (Nutrient Broth) and TSB (Tryptic Soy Broth). Based on the results revealed that the clear zonediameter isolate 2 better than the isolate 1 after 24hours and 48 hours incubation periods. It showed both isolates having the possibility in different strains but within a species. The highest protease activity calculation obtained from TSB production media respectively  0,14 Unit /ml unit and 0.12 Unit/ml. Keywords:B. subtilis, clear zone, protease, TSB
PEMANTAUAN KUALITAS FISIKO-KIMIA AIR DI MATA AIR NYOLO, CURAH GLOGO DAN CURAH LANG-LANG DESA NGENEP KECAMATAN KARANGPLOSO KABUPATEN MALANG Ayu Hilyatul Millah; Catur Retnaningdiyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas air di mata air Nyolo dan salurannya yang terletak di Desa Ngenep Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang berdasarkan parameter fisiko-kimia dan indeks kualitas air menurut National Sanitation Foundation’s Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI). Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pada enam stasiun yaitu hulu mata air Nyolo (stasiun I, II), saluran Curah Glogo (stasiun III dan IV) dan saluran Curah Lang-lang (stasiun V dan VI). Parameter yang diukur meliputi pH, DO, BOD, alkalinitas (bikarbonat), nitrat, dan turbiditas. Perbedaan nilai tiap-tiap parameter ditentukan dengan menggunakan uji Anova atau Brown Forsythe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter BOD, Nitrat, dan pH mata air Nyolo dan salurannya sudah memenuhi baku mutu kualitas air kelas I menurut PP No. 82 tahun 2001 untuk bahan baku air minum. Oksigen terlarut di mata air Nyolo dan salurannya termasuk rendah dan hanya memenuhi baku mutu kelas III untuk pertanian kecuali stasiun II yang termasuk dalam kelas IV. Parameter turbiditas pada stasiun IV tidak memenuhi standar baku untuk air minum berdasarkan WHO karena melebihi 5 mg/L. Kualitas air berdasarkan indeks kualitas air menurut National Sanitation Foundation’s termasuk dalam kategori sedang (medium). Kata kunci : Mata air  Nyolo dan salurannya, indeks kualitas air NSF,  kualitas fisiko-kimia air
Efect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) Extract to Humoral Immunity in Balb/c Mice Model of Type 2 DM Lailiya Vina Rochmatika; Muhaimin Rifa'i
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is disease caused by decreased insulin receptor sensitifity,  so that, causing level blood glucose to rise. One of strategy to reduce blood glucose level is by administration with medicinal herbs. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and bitter (Andrographis paniculata) extract on B220 cell in Balb/c mice model of type 2 DM. Mice in the age of 5 days were divided into five groups, each group consists of 4 mice. The treatments consist of negative control (normal mice), positive control (DM2), dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3. DM2 was induced by intraperitoneally injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) in neonate BALB/c mice. Treatment with bitter melon and bitter was performed for 14 days. Blood glucose level was examined by glucometer. Spleen cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry post treatment. The result showed that dose 3 of extract of Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) and Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) can increase the number of B cells in DM2 treated mice compare to DM2 untreated mice. Furthermore, we showed that Bitter melon extract herbal (Momordica charantia) and Bitter (Andrographis paniculata) had an ability to reduce blood glucose level in concentration dependent manner. Dose 3 known as the most efective to optimize either B cells proliferation or blood glucose reduction. Key words: Bitter, bitter mellon, diabetes mellitus type 2, streptozotocin
THE EFFECT AND THE UTILIZATION OF X-RAY EXPOSURE AGAINTS MICRONUCLEUS FREQUENCY OF LYMPOCYTES CELLS FOR BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETER Triesha Retno Astari; Agung Pramana Warih
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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ABSTRACT Use of nuclear technology in various fields requires a development of a simple and quick method to determine the risks of person after exposed to radiation. Micronucleus (MN) is one of the indication of structural defect on chromosome as a result of radiation exposure which can be observed in a cell with two nuclei (binucleic cells, BNC), by blocking the cleavage process using cytochalacine-B. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of MN that formed after radiation exposure based on gender and age of respondences (donor). Blood samples from six healthy person with age of about 25-51 years old were irradiated with X-ray at doses of 0 and 2 Gy, then MN culturing and its harvesting were done with standard procedures. The results showed that MN frequency was different with differences in age and gender of the respondents ( donors ) that were irradiated at doses of 0 Gy (control) and 2 Gy (α = 5 %). It was found that the MN frequency induced by dose of 2 Gy was significantly higher than that of 0 Gy . However, MN in each age group of 28-30 years, 42-43 years and 50-51 years were not significantly different. It is may be caused by the difference of laboratory condition and other factors such as the amount and sample condition that used with variety of ages >60 years old. The MN test methods of peripheral blood lymphocytes due to radiation enable to be used to learn the irradiation effect in in vitro on the chromosome and can be used as a biological dosimeter.  Key words : Biodosimetri, cytokinesis Block ( CB ), dose, micronuclei, ionizing radiation .      
Uji Potensi Bakteri Penghasil Hormon IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) dari Tanah Rhizosfer Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum L.) Desak Ketut Tristiana Sukmadewi; Suharjono Suharjono; Sarjiya Antonius
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanaman cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi perkebunan yang memiliki peranan penting bagi pendapatan devisa negara. Perkebunan cengkeh rutin mengunakan pupuk kimia sintetik dalam proses pertumbuhannya. Permintaan produk pertanian dan perkebunan yang bebas akan bahan kimia semakin meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari potensi isolat  bakteri penghasil hormon IAA dari tanah rhizosfer tanaman cengkeh. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel tanah, isolasi bakteri penghasil hormon IAA dan analisa hormon IAA. Bakteri yang berpotensi menghasilkan hormon IAA tertinggi adalah isolat TCKI 5 (32,84 ppm) dari Karangasem. Hasil tertinggi ini didapatkan pada waktu inkubasi 48 jam. Berdasarkan nilai OD terlihat bahwa isolat TCKI 5  pada waktu inkubasi  48 dan 72 jam memiliki nilai OD yang  sama yang  merupakan  fase stasioner   Kata kunci: bakteri, tanaman cengkeh, Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), rhizosfer 

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