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Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 123 Documents
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The Effect of Mangosteen Rind Extract (Garcinia mangostana L) to the Damaging of Hepar Cell of Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by Paracetamol Panjaitan, Winda A; Widjokongko, S B; Setyawan, Sigit
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: The antioxidant properties of mangosteen rind extract such as xanthones, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin C are estimated can protect hepar from free radicals and reducing NAPQI which produced by paracetamol metabolism. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of mangosteen rind ethanol extract to the damaging of hepar cell of mice induced by paracetamol. Methods: This research was a laboratorial experiment with post test only control group design. Samples of 28 male mice, Swiss webster type, 2-3 months old age and ±20 gram of each weight, were divided into 4 groups in random or 7 mice each group. Aquadest were administered to mice in Control Group (KK) and the First Treatment Group (KP1), while mangosteen rind extract were administered to the Second Treatment Group (KP2) and the Third Treatment Group (KP3) with the dose of 10 mg/20 g body weight of mice and 15 mg/20 g body weight of mice. Paracetamol were administered to KP1, KP2, KP3, with dose 5.07 mg/20 g body weight of mice. On day 4th, mice were sacrificed with neck dislocation. Hepar cell slides were made and stained by HE. The hepar cell damage of mice were observed by counting number of necrosis cell. The data was analized by One-Way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and continued by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons using Least Significant Differences (LSD) test (α = 0.05). Results: The data showed that average number of necrotic nucleus of KK was 9.71; KP1 was 72.86; KP2 was 14.00; and KP3 was 22.29. The results of One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference in all group (p < 0.05). The statistical data result showed a significant difference of necrotic nucleus between K-KP1, K-KP2, K-KP3, KP1-KP2, KP1-KP3, and KP2-KP3 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The feeding of mangosteen rind was able to decrease hepar cell damage of mice which is induced by paracetamol. Keywords: mangosteen rind extract, paracetamol, the damaging of hepar cell 
Renoprotective Effect of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. Leaves Extract Against Renal Histological Damage on Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by Reheated Palm Oil Setiawan, Candra Aji; Widjokongko, Bambang; Utari, Siti
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Backgrounds: Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. contains active substances polyphenols which are predominantly in the leaves. Polyphenols are capable to reduce oxidative stress dan halt lipid peroxidation on renal cells because of its antioxidant properties. Palm oil is widely used in Indonesia. It is known that reheated palm oil can damage renal cells by inducing lipid peroxidation reaction. The objective of this study is to know renoprotective effect of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. to inhibit damage to the renal cells of mice (Mus musculus) induced by reheated palm oil. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with a post test only controlled group design. Samples were male Swiss-Webster mice, 2-3 months old and ± 25 g in weight, taken as many as 25 heads by incidental sampling and divided into 5 groups randomly. For 14 days, the Negative Control Group (KK (-)) were given aquadest, the Positive Control Group (KK (+)) were given reheated palm oil, and Treatment Group 1-3 (KP1-3) ​​were given reheated palm oil and Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. leaves extract with multilevel dose 3.5 mg, 7 mg, and 14 mg. On day 15, mice were terminated and the kidneys were made ​​preparations by the method of Paraffin Blocks and HE staining. Kidney histological features assessed by the sum of proximal tubular cells that undergo pyknosis, karyorhexsis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis test (α = 0.05) and post hoc test of Mann-Whitney (α = 0,05). Results: Kruskal-Wallis test results showed a significant difference among the five study groups p = 0.000 (p < 0,05). Mann-Whitney test results showed significant differences between KK (-) - KK (+), KK (-) - KP1, KK (-) - KP2, KK (-) - KP3, KK (+) - KP1, KK (+ ) - KP2, KK (+) - KP3, KP1 - KP2, KP2 - KP3 (p < 0,05) and a non-significant difference between KP1 - KP3 (p < 0,05). Conclusions: Leaves extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. have renoprotective effects on renal histological damage of mice (Mus musculus) induced by reheated palm oil. Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. leaves extract, reheated palm oil, renal histological damage. 
The Effect of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Juice on Paracetamol – Induced Liver Cell Damage in Mice (Mus musculus) Ras, Samiaji Abbas; Listyaningsih, Endang; Sari, Yulia
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) contains beta-carotene and vitamin C which were thought to protect the liver from free radicals. In present study, Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice with certain dose was evaluated for its protective effect on paracetamol induced liver damage in mice. Methods: This study used 28 male Swiss Webster mice were equally divided into four groups. Animals of Control Group (KK) were given aquadest and Treatment Group I (KP1) received paracetamol for 3 days. Treatment Group II and III (KP2 and KP3) not only received paracetamol, but also received multilevel doses of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice (0,2 mg and 0,4 mg) for 14 days. Mice were sacrificed on the 15th day and histological preparation was made to evaluate histological damage on liver. Liver histological features  were  assessed  by  counting  the  number  of hepatocyte on centrolobuler zone undergoing pyknosis, karyorhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the  One Way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and the Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD) test (α = 0.05). Results: The mean liver histological damage score was significantly higher on group of KP1= 61,8±7.991, while group of  KK= 26,21±4.828 as the least. KP3 group had fewer numbers of liver histological damage (40,09±7.635) compared to the KP2 group (37,81±5.653). The results of One Way ANOVA test showed significant difference between the five groups (p = 0.000) and the results of LSD test showed significant differences between each other group (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice showed protective effect against the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol in mice. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice with the dose of 0,4 mg/20 g body weight of mice showed a higher hepatoprotective effect than the dose of 0,2 mg/20 g body weight of mice. Keywords: Mango juice, paracetamol, histologic liver damage.  
The Effect of Acetone Papaya Leaves Extract (Carica papaya, L.) to Hepatoprotector of Rat (Rattus novergicus) Induced by Paracetamol Saputri, Dewantari; ., Suyatmi; Damayanti, Kusmadewi Eka
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Acetone papaya leaves extract contains chlorophyll and flavonoids with antioxidative capacity to protect the liver cell  from free radicals The aims of this research were to know the hepatoprotective effect of the extract and to investigate the influence of increasing dose of the extract towards the amount of  paracetamol-induced liver cells damage of rats. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental research applying posttest only controlled group design. A total of 24 Strain Wistar rats were equally divided into 6 groups. Rats for control group (KK) and 1st group (KP1) were given aquades  for 7 days. The second treatment group (KP2) was given 100mg/kg body weight (bw) of rat dose curcuma tablet. The 3rd (KP3),  4th(KP4), and  5th (KP5) treatment groups ware given acetone papaya leaves extract dose 150mg/kg bw, 300mg/kg bw, 600mg/kg bw, respectively for 7 days. Paracetamol  was given to KP1, KP2, KP3, KP4, KP5 with dose 600mg/kg weight of rat on 5th, 6th, and 7th day. Finally on  8th day, rat were sacrificed by neck dislocation. After that, we made histological slides from the liver that stained with Hematoxillin Eosin (HE). The slides were observed and assessed based on the liver histological damage (pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis). Data were analized by Kruskal Wallis (α = 0,05), and continued by Mann Whithney test(α = 0,05). Results: Kruskal Wallis showed that there was a significant difference between 6 groups. Result of Mann Whithney method showed that there was a significant difference between control group  (KK)and treatment group (KP1, KP2,KP4,KP5)  as well as between curcuma (KP2) and acetone papaya leaves extract (KP3,KP4, KP5) groups, but there was no any significant difference between groups the increase doses (KP3-KP4,KP5). Conclusion: Acetone papaya leaves extract has hepatoprotective effect to the liver cell histological damage of rats induced by paracetamol.. Key words : acetone papaya leaves extract, paracetamol, liver cell histological damage.
The Effect of Soybean Powder (Glycine max) to the Histological Structure of Mice’s (Mus musculus) Liver Cells Induced by Used Cooking Oil Anggraeni, Selvia; Suparyanti, Endang Listyaningsih; Febrinasari, Ratih Puspita
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Soybean contain antioxidants which have hepatoprotective effect; one of them is isoflavone. Soybean powder has the highest isoflavone among soybean products. This research aims to prove that the use of soybean powder can prevent damage of the histological structure of the mice’s liver cells induced by used cooking oil. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design. Twenty eight Swiss Webster male mice were divided into 4 groups. Negative control group (KN) was given distilled water, the positive control (KP) was given 0.06 ml/ 20 g BW used cooking oil, dose 1 (KD1) was given soybean powder 5.6 mg/ 20 g BW and used cooking oil, and dose 2 (KD2) was given soybean powder 11.2 mg/ 20 g BW and used cooking oil. Soybean powder was given for 14 days, while the used cooking oil was given orally on 8th-14th day. On the 15th day, mice were sacrificed, taken their liver, and made ​​preparations with HE staining. Liver cell damage was observed by counting the number of cells with pyknosis, karyorheksis, and karyolysis of 100 cells in liver centrolobular zone. Data were analyzed by statistical tests One-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) (α = 0.05). Results: The highest number of liver cells damage is on KP, followed by KD1, KD2, and at least on KN. Results of One-way ANOVA test showed significant differences among the four groups with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Results of Post Hoc Test of Multiple Comparasions using LSD test also showed significant differences between KN-KP, KN-KD1, KD2-KN, KP-KD1, KD2-KP, KD1-KD2 with respectively p = 0.000 (p < 0, 05). Conclusion: Soybean powder can prevent damage of the histological structure of the mice’s liver cells induced by used cooking oil. Keywords: soybean powder, used cooking oil, liver histological structure 
Metformin increases protein expression of Bax and p21 in WiDr cancer cell line Mahanani, Melani Ratih; Budiani, Dyah Ratna; Probandari, Ari Natalia
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract which leads to high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Colorectal cancer is the fourth highest cancer in Indonesia. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first choice of chemotherapy for treating colorectal cancer but this therapy isless effective due to severeadverse effects. Metformin, a biguanidediabetes drug, has a potential anticancer, which is able to inhibit growth of some cancer cell lines like breast cancer, prostate cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and nasopharynx cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate protein expression ofBax (pro apoptotic protein) and p21 (cell cycle inhibitor) on colorectal cancer cell line treated with metformin. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study with the posttest only control group design. WiDrcancer cell line was cultured in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 U penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin and incubatedin 5% CO2for 48 h at 37 ° C.Following day, cellswere treated with medium only, 7.68 mM5-FU and various doses of metformin(20, 10 and 5 mM) respectively. Protein expression of Bax and p21 was assessed by using immunocytochemistry staining against monoclonal antibodies antihuman Bax and p21.Intensity staining of each cell group was cytological scored and statistically analyzed by using Kruskal Wallis test. Results:Higher intensity score of Bax immunostaining was observed in WiDr cell line treated with three doses of metformin, compared to that of incontrol WiDr cell line and reached significantly difference with p= 0,00. Interestingly, these intensity scores of immunostaining were higher than the intensity score of immunostaining in WiDr cell line with 5-FU treatment. Moreover, administration of metformin increased intensity staining score against p21 monoclonal antibody with negatively dose dependent manner. WiDr cell line administered with 5 mM metformin had the highest intensity score of immunostaining but the intensity score was lower than the intensity score of immunostaining in WiDr cell line with 5-FU treatment. Conclusion: Metformin up regulates protein expression of Bax and p21 in WiDr cancer cell line and may become a promising anticancer. Further investigation is required to confirm the up regulation of both proteins. Keywords: Bax,colorectal cancer, metformin, p21 
Exposure of hazardous compounds in Furniture Painting Induces Oxidative Stress through Increasing Plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels Oktaviani, Ratna; Jusup, Sinu Andhi; Indarto, Dono
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Some heavy metals and organic solvents like toluene and formaldehydeare hazardous chemicals that are usually used to paint furniture.These compounds may increase oxidative stress andassociatewithseveraldiseases.Oxidative stress is characterized by high levels of free radicals, which induce macromolecule oxidation including lipid. Lipid is oxidized to become reactive and toxic compounds like ethane and MDA. This study aimed to investigatethedifferences ofplasma MDA levels between furniture painters and non-painters. Method:This study was analytical observationwithcross sectional research design. Thisstudywas conducted in several furniture industries in Taunan, Jepara. 14 people who work as furniture painters were classified as the painter group and 14 people who work as non-furniture painters become the control group. The plasma MDA levels were measured by using Thiobarbituric Acid ReactiveSubstances(TBARS) test. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using student t and multiple linear regression tests. Result:The majority of people in painter group aged between 20-34 years old and was younger than that of control group (25-39 years old). A significant increase in MDA levels was observed in the painter group, compared with MDA levels of the control group (5.74 ±0.39 vs. 1.94 ±0.33 µmol/L) with p value <0.001. Paint exposure was significantly associated with plasma MDA levels (r = 0,968; = 96,80%; p<0,001).Other factors such as nutritional status, food, psychic, sports and air pollutants had small proportion (3.20%) to increase the MDA levels. Conclusion:Plasma MDA levels of furniture painters increased approximately three-fold and are positively related to paint chemical exposure. This data suggests the possibility of oxidative stressin furniture painters although its pathogenesis needs further investigation. Keywords: Furniture painters,oxidativestress, plasma MDA level 
Effect of EthanolicExtract of Centella asiatica againts Adrenal Gland CortexCell Lipid Droplet Feature Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress in Rats Zahran, Mochammad Fairuz; Wasita, Brian; Wiyono, Nanang; Febrinasari, Ratih Puspita
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Chronic stress can increase the lipid droplet in cortex cell and adrenal gland damage. Pegagan extract contains such as asiaticoside, flavonoids and triterpenoid are known have antioxidant effect. The objective of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica (EEC) on adrenal gland cortexcell lipid droplet feature induced by immobilization stress in male rats. Method: This study was a laboratory experimental study with randomized post test only control group design. Paraffin blocks from thirty five male rats previously subjected with chronic immobilization stress and then divided into 6 groups: control group given distilled water 1 mg/kg, stress + PGA, stress + 150 mg/kg EEC, stress + 300 mg/kg EEC, stress + 600 mg/kg EEC and stress + fluoxetine 10 mg. The treatments were performed for 21 consecutive days. Lipid droplet was evaluated using Scoring Lipid Content from Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Statistic analysis was performed using Kruskall-Wallis test continued by Post Hoc Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction. Result: Results of Kruskall Wallis test showed significant differences in six groups with p = 0.000. Mann Whitney test with Bonferroni correction showed a significant difference between control group with stress + PGA and stress + 600 mg/kg EEC. Fluexetine as positive control show the most effective dose in this study (p = 0,000). There were no significant difference between fluoxetine as control positive and control group (p = 0,112). Conclusion: Stress + 600 mg/kg EEC has beneficial effect on preventing adrenal gland cortexcell lipid droplet feature induced by chronic immobilization stress in rat. Keywords : Centella asiatica, chronic immobilization stress, adrenal glands lipid droplet feature 
The Effect of Propolis’ Ethanolic Extract on the degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke ismael, .; Prasetyo, Diding Hery; Pesik, Riza Novierta
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: The Propolis’ ethanolic extract contains a variety of potent antioxidants, especially flavonoids and Caffeic Acid Phenylethyl Ester (CAPE). Flavonoids have a very strong antioxidant effect against free radicals capable of cigarettes. Meanwhile, CAPE is a potent inhibitor of Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB). Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-kB) is an essential mediator of inflammation. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis can reduce the degree of lung damage of mice induced by cigarette smoke. Methods: This was a laboratory experimental research the posttest only control group design. Samples were twenty five mices Swiss Webster type (age 2-3 months; weight 20-30 gram) divided into 5 groups, each group has five mices.   Mices for Control Group (KK) and Induction Group (KI) were administered by aquadest. While,  the first Treatment Group (KP1), the second Treatment Group (KP2) and the third Treatment Group (KP3) were administered propolis’ ethanolic extract  by dose 5.6 mg/20 g weight of mice, 11.2 mg/20 g weight of mice, and 16.8 mg/20 g weight of mice respectively. All groups except KK, were induced by smoke of one cigarette stick per day before extract administration. This research was done for 14 days. On day 15th, the mice were killed and lung organ was isolated and prepared histologically using paraffin method and then stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE). The Data were analyzed by using Kruskall Wallis (α = 0.05) and continued by Mann Whitney (α = 0,05). Results: The results of Kruskall Wallis test showed that there was significant difference between five-groups. Mann Whitney test results showed there was significant difference between grups of KK-KI, KI-KP1, KI-KP2,KI-KP3, KP1-KP2,KP1-KP3 and  KP2-KP3. Conclusion: Propolis’ ethanolic extract  decreasethe degree of lung damage of mice (Mus musculus) which induced by cigarette smoke. Keywords: Propolis ,cigarette smoke, degree of lung damage, mice. 
The Effect of Alkaline Water on Blood Glucose Diabetic White Rates. Ramadhani, Dhia; Ediningsih, Endang; Ayusari, Amelya Augusthina
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Alkaline water has high pH level and work as antioxidant that could repair the damaged pancreatic beta cells caused by alloxan. This research aimed to know the effect of alkaline water on blood glucose in diabetic white rats induced by alloxan. Methods: This was an experimental research with pre- and post-test group design. The subjects were thirty Wistar male white rats selected by a simple random technique. They were divided into 2 groups, control group (aquadest group), and treatment group given alkaline water dosed 23 ml perday. Blood glucose were measured by stript test at the first day as GDP 1, at the fifth day after induced by alloxan as GDP 2, and the last, after treatment at the twelfth day as GDP 3. The data were analyzed by Anova test followed by Post Hoc Test using SPSS for Windows Release 20 program. Results: This research showed that there was significant difference of GDP 3 betweenaquadest and alkaline group (p=0,00) by independent t test.There was no significant difference between GDP 1 and GDP 3 both group by dependent t test. Conclusion: It concluded that alkaline water was able to decrease the blood glucose level on diabetic white rates induced by alloxan. Keywords: alkaline water, blood glucose level, antioxidant 

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