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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
Veterinary
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021" : 5 Documents clear
Processing Technologies of Lignocellulosic Biomass: Potentials and Constraints for Ruminant Feed Production Simon Petrus Ginting
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (237.121 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i2.2737

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) such as crop residues and agro-industrial wastes are renewable resources and available abundantly. It could play central role in sustainable feeding system of ruminant production. These materials are potential source of fiber to support optimum rumen function and energy supply. However, the LCB has important nutritional constraints that limit its utilization as feed for ruminants. This review is intended to discuss nutritional constraints of LCB as ruminant feed and the potentials and challenges of processes in upgrading the nutritional quality of LCB. The main polymer compounds in LCB are  cellulose (30 to 60% ), hemicellulose (20 to 40 %) and lignin (15-25%)  and its  inter linkages make the energy contained in the LCB is less extractable by the ruminant digestive system. Physical, chemical and biological processing technologies have been well known as  alternative means to upgrade the nutritive values of LCB. Recently, novel processing technologies of LCB such as ionic liquid, organosolv, sonication, and new screened rot white fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) and some older technologies  using alkaline and acids have been studied and developed particularly for the purpose of biofuel production in the bio refinery industry. Processing technologies have different properties in degrading the lignin, degrading and solubilizing the cellulose and hemicellulose that all relate to the nutritive quality of LCB. Advantages of processed LCB in ruminant animals were indicated by increase in diet digestibility, intake, rumen fermentation and gain. It is concluded that numerous processing technologies are available to upgrade the nutritional quality of LCB, but there are obstacles to use some of these techniques for wide application in ruminant production system.
The Potential of Bioactive Compound Moringa Leaf to Improve Rabbit Reproductive Performance Setiasih Setiasih; Ahmad Mualif Abdurrahman; Hendrawan Soetanto
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (188.132 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i2.2566

Abstract

Moringa leaf is a potential animal feed material because it has a complete nutrient content as well as many bioactive compounds. Among its bioactive compounds are phytosterols and isoflavones. This paper aims to describe the importance of moringa leaf as feed supplementation to improve rabbit reproductive performance. The bioactive compounds in moringa leaf  have an important role  to trigger  reproductive hormones.. Phytosterols have a chemical structure similar to that of cholesterol that can be used as precursors of steroid hormones (testosterone, estradiol and progesterone). Isoflavones are one  of the flavonoid compounds, also have  estrogenic activity and are able to bind with estrogen receptors i.e. ER-α and ER-β. Because of these bioactive compounds, moringa leaves are potential to  be utilized as feed supplements as aphrodisiac for bucks, stimulating estrous, and increasing litter size and milk production of does, reduce mortality and increase weaning weight and average daily gain of bunnies.
Pathogenic Organisms in Varanidae and Their Potential as Zoonotic Diseases Syaiful Rizal; R A Rahmawati
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.065 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i2.2694

Abstract

Monitor lizards have various body sizes, belong to the Varanidae and it is reported that there were various kinds of pathogenic organisms in their bodies. This review aims to describe various information on pathogenic organisms and their potential as zoonotic diseases and can be used as a reference in the prevention of zoonotic diseases originating from Varanidae. The results of this review discuss two types of viruses, three types of bacteria, five types of protozoa, two types of arthropods, and seven types of endoparasites that are pathogenic in Varanidae. Based on this information it is known that potentially zoonotic pathogens include bacteria group is Salmonella spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum; groups of protozoa was Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium sp.; Arthropod group namely Amblyomma sp. which carries the bacteria Rickettsia sp., Borrelia spp. and Anaplasma spp. and the endoparasite group consisting of Ascaris sp., Strongyloides sp., Pentastomida, and Angiostrongylus cantonensis, while for the virus group, there were no pathogenic organisms with zoonotic potential. The extensive use of Varanidae by humans as exotic pets, as well as for consumption and medicine has great potential in the transmission of zoonotic diseases. Those are possible because the varanids non-aseptically environment. The proper handling and maintenance of monitor lizards are necessary to prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases. Unhygienic and less aseptic way of handling food products of animal origin can lead to the potential for transmission of pathogenic organisms (foodborne disease). Efforts to prevent the transmission of foodborne diseases can apply Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) with the process of cooking reptile meat for consumption. Besides, disease transmission can be prevented by implementing the One Health concept.
Lumpy Skin Disease: Ancaman Penyakit Emerging Bagi Kesehatan Ternak Sapi Di Indonesia Indrawati Sendow; Nur Sabiq Assadah; Atik Ratnawati; NLP Indi Dharmayanti; Muharam Saepulloh
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (238.119 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i2.2739

Abstract

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi bagi peternak sapi, yang disebabkan oleh  virus LSD, genus Capripoxvirus,  famili Poxviridae.  Penyakit ini di karakterisasi dengan adanya nodul pada kulit.  Virus ini hanya menginfeksi sapi dan kerbau rawa yang memiliki tingkat mortalitas rendah, namun tingkat morbiditas tinggi. Sedangkan virus ini tidak menginfeksi kambing dan domba. Hingga saat ini, LSD belum pernah dilaporkan di Indonesia, oleh karena itu pengenalan penyakit LSD diperlukan terutama bagi dokter hewan dan paramedis lapangan sehingga infeksi LSD dapat diketahui dan penanganannya dapat dilakukan  lebih dini. Tulisan ini akan membahas mengenai penyakit LSD, cara penyebaran penyakit, epidemiologi, diagnosis, faktor risiko  serta pengendalian penyakit LSD, sehingga diharapkan masuknya infeksi LSD dapat terdeteksi sedini mungkin  dan  diantisipasi dengan  lebih arif oleh pemangku kebijakan. 
Beneficial of Bioactive Compound of Rice Bran for Chicken’s Functional Feed cecep hidayat; Elizabeth Wina; Soni Sopiyana
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (526.45 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v31i2.2676

Abstract

Rice bran is a feed ingredient as a result of the rice milling process which widely used as an energy source in the feed formulation in the chicken diet. Rice bran contains various nutrients such as oil, protein, carbohydrates (especially starch), beta-glucans, and pectins. Rice bran contains bioactive compounds that have positive effects on the chicken performance and health. Recently, rice bran’s bioactive compounds have been developed as a source of making functional feed. The objective of this study was to review the bioactive compounds in rice bran and their benefits in order to produce chicken’s functional feed. The results of the study showed that rice bran contains oryzanol as an important bioactive compound that has high antioxidant activity. Furthermore, other bioactive compound, lysolecithin,  has an ability to reduce cholesterol content in blood, meat and eggs of chicken. Besides, rice bran extract is reported to exert antibacterial activity and has  immunomodulator function. It was concluded that the bioactive compounds of rice bran is potential to be used as  a substance for making functional feed for chickens.

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