AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Agronomy Association (PERAGI). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection and other pertinent field related to plant production. AGRIVITA is published three times per year. The Journal has been indexed in SCOPUS, Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR), Emerging Source Citation Index ( ESCI-Web of Science), EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar and others international indexing. AGRIVITA is accredited first grade (Sinta 1/S1) for five years (2018-2023) based on Decree No: 30/E/KPT/2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (Ristek Dikti), The Republic of Indonesia. We accept submission from all over the world. All submitted articles shall never been published elsewhere, original and not under consideration for other publication.
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<![CDATA[Photosynthetic Paramaters of Two Indonesian Soybean Top Varieties ]]>
<![CDATA[Padjung, Rusnadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Syam'un, Elkawakib]]>;
<![CDATA[Kasim, Nurlina]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2842
<![CDATA[Each plant genotype has its own photosynthetic parameters required to run crop growth model. The research is aimed to characterize photosynthetic parameters particularly maximum photosynthesis and initial light use efficiency of two soybean varieties widely planted in Indonesia, Dena-1 and Anjasmoro. Photosynthetic performances were measured in a designed experiment to study the effect of Actinomycetes spp. on growth and yield of soybean. Photosynthesis was measured using an open chamber portable photosynthetic system (LI-6400), at variable Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), i.e. 500; 1,000; 1,500; and 2,000 µmol (photon)/m2/s. The photosynthetic light response curve (PN/I curve) was developed using Solver function of Microsoft Excel. Maximum gross photosynthesis (Pgmax) of Dena-1 is 45.64 μmol (CO2)/m2/s, while Anjasmoro variety is only 34.81 μmol (CO2)/m2/s. Quantum yield at low light (initial light use efficiency) of Dena-1 is also higher with the value of 0.068 μmol (CO2)/μmol(photons) compared to Anjasmoro that have 0.058 μmol (CO2)/μmol (photons). Hence light response curve of Dena-1 variety is consistently higher than Anjasmoro. Under Actinomycetes spp. treatment the light response curve of Dena-1 is higher than Anjasmoro at PAR lower than 706 μmol (photon)/m2/s and higher at PAR above it.]]>
<![CDATA[Genetic Diversity of Perennial Wild Species of Alfalfa Subgenus Falcago (Reichb) Grossh. in Kazakhstan and Their Involvement in the Breeding ]]>
<![CDATA[Kalibayev, Bauyrzhan Bakytzhanovich]]>;
<![CDATA[Meiirman, Galiolla Tulendinovich]]>;
<![CDATA[Yerzhanova, Sakysh Tanyrbergenovna]]>;
<![CDATA[Abaev, Serik Sarybaevich]]>;
<![CDATA[Kenebaev, Amankeldi Turgambekovich]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2894
<![CDATA[The field expedition has collected 144 samples at the ecotype level of seven wild alfalfa species, which are the source of adaptive properties. One part of the original seeds has been placed for medium-term storage as the gene pool, and the other part has been sown in the culture to use wild-growing species in recurrent breeding. It has been found that the productivity of wild species is inferior to that of M. sativa L., but they are valuable as a source of adaptation traits: drought tolerance, salt tolerance, and winter hardiness, which are important with the development of recurrent breeding to adapt the crops to the global climate change. The yield of the hybrid plants in the offspring from crossing seven ecotypes of M. falcata L. (yellow-flowered) with M. sativa L. (blue-flowered) using a marker-trait has been established: the hybrid nature of the plants obtained from free entomophilic cross-pollination has been established, and the yield of the hybrid plants has amounted to 61 – 91 %. In the hybrid population obtained from M. sativa sybsp. transoxona, M. falcata L., and M. tianschanica Vass. upon crossing them, 50 best phenotypes have been selected to continue the backcrossing with M. sativa L.]]>
<![CDATA[Combining Ability of Indonesian Tropical Maize in Two Different Seasons ]]>
<![CDATA[Suyadi, Suyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2915
<![CDATA[Testing an inbred cross for hybrid development requires a proper test cross method. The diallel is one crossing method to find out the magnitude of inbred combining ability, both general general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) and specific combining ability, that is useful in hybrid development. The objective of the study is to determine the GCA, SCA and heterosis of 6 inbred lines in two seasons. All the inbreds were crossed in diallel design and further evaluated for their combining ability and genetic ratio following the respective methods of Griffing and Baker. The results revealed that GCA, SCA and Reciprocal (REC.) were influenced by planting seasons for almost all yield and yield-related traits. Non-additive gene action was more important in controlling ear length, ear row number, shelled ear weight and yield. The best GCA for yield trait was detected on inbreds G2 and G5. The conclusion from the interpretation of both SCA and REC. is that the inbred crosses of G1 x G6, G2 x G5, G4 x G6, and G5 x G6 have the best yields followed by high heterosis values.]]>
<![CDATA[Epidemiology of Fire Blight in Fruit Crops in Kazakhstan ]]>
<![CDATA[Umiraliyeva, Zhansaya Ziyathanovna]]>;
<![CDATA[Kopzhassarov, Bakyt Kenzhekozhaevich]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaimurzina, Aliya Abdrahimovna]]>;
<![CDATA[Niyazbekov, Zhan Borisovich]]>;
<![CDATA[Issenova, Gulmira Zhanybekovna]]>;
<![CDATA[Tursunova, Alnura Kairatovna]]>;
<![CDATA[Berganayeva, Gulzat Ergaziyevna]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2674
<![CDATA[A survey on 13 regions of Kazakhstan was carried out to identify foci of fire blight, the extent of its spread, the range of affected crops, and the identification of infection reserves. The disease was mainly concentrated in the main fruit growing zone.at the south and southeast of Kazakhstan. Symptoms of fire blight were characteristic of two bacterial diseases: namely, necrosis, by Pseudomonas syringae Van. Hall. and fire blight by Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. The authors performed bacteriological analyses to isolate and identify the causative agent of fire blight from various fruit and wild cultures of the Rosaceae family, using classical bacteriological and molecular genetic methods. Two types of bacteria were isolated from the samples affected by the disease, namely E. amylovora, the causative agent of fire blight, and P. syringae, the causative agent of bacterial necrosis. The results of the studies on the identification of bacterial species E. amylovora and P. syringae were confirmed by Swiss scientists from the Agroscope research center based on an immuno-chromatographic test and by Russian scientists at the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Quarantine using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, FLASH polymerase chain reaction, and polymerase chain reaction in real-time.]]>
<![CDATA[The decreasing a negative impact of climate change on Indonesian food security ]]>
<![CDATA[Sulaiman, Andi Amran]]>;
<![CDATA[Bahrun, Abd. Haris]]>;
<![CDATA[Husnain, Husnain]]>;
<![CDATA[Syakir, M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir P, M.]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021): ARTICLE IN PRESS ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2979
<![CDATA[The negative Impact of climate change and food security are crucial issues for Indonesia with a large population. Agricultural sector as a contributor about 5-7 percent to CO2 emissions, is a victim of climate change as this sector is very sensitive to the change of climate such as rise of temperature, drought, El Nino and La Nina and rise sea level. The decline in production due to climate change and extreme climate is very risky for Indonesia's food security. Various studies and studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of climate change. However, since 2009, voluntary commitment of Indonesian Government to reduce 26 percent of CO2 emissions set up the strong effort in many sectors to adapt with climate change. In agriculture, improving soil quality is key in maintaining food production. Soil conservation using vegetative or engineering technique is one of the most important technology. Nutrient management by applying balance fertilization, the use of organic material and ameliorant such as biochar, zeolite and other natural mineral are beneficial for plant production. All these ameliorants will be very useful in maintain soil organic matter (SOM) and soil carbon which very important in increasing water holding capacity. Water harvesting is one option to capture high precipitation and important to irrigate agricultural area. Besides, the use of cropping calendars, high yielding varieties which adapt to biophysical stress will be very useful. Other effort is also needed to control the peat fire, peat drainage and deforestation.]]>
<![CDATA[Internet of Things based Smart Irrigation Control System for Paddy Field ]]>
<![CDATA[Li-Wei Liu]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohd Hasmadi Ismail]]>;
<![CDATA[Yu-Min Wang]]>;
<![CDATA[Wen-Shin Lin]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2936
<![CDATA[This study aimed to establish a water-saving irrigation technique-based Smart Field Cultivation Server (SFCS) for paddy field irrigation by employing information and communication technologies. The development of SFCS considered the requirement on rice growth, pest development, and fieldwork management. The proposed SFCS is equipped with a solar power supply system and consisted of sensors including illumination, air temperature, air humidity, water level, soil moisture content, soil electronic conductivity, and soil temperature. Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is used for data transmission due to the data size and transmitting frequency. A smartphone-based application (APP) has been developed for users to monitor field environment by tabular, dashboard panel, and whisker chart box, provides multiple data display ways for different purposes. Moreover, a proposal for a water-saving irrigation technique named system of probiotics rice intensification (SPRI) has been integrated into the APP. With the developed APP, farmers will receive fieldwork reminders by calendar day that water-saving irrigation may be possibly implemented. The SFCS is not only shown ability on the field monitoring but also links the gap between the fieldwork application and modern technology.]]>
<![CDATA[Enhancing Rice Yield and Weed Management in Direct Seeded Rice Using Ammonium Sulfate as Adjuvant with Lower Dose of Early Postemergence Herbicides ]]>
<![CDATA[Wajid Saeed]]>;
<![CDATA[Saif Ullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul Khaliq]]>;
<![CDATA[Fazal Munsif]]>;
<![CDATA[Izhar Ali]]>;
<![CDATA[Tahir Hussain Jandan]]>;
<![CDATA[Anas Iqbal]]>;
<![CDATA[Pingwu Liu]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2426
<![CDATA[A field experiment was conducted in 2016 to find out the sequential use of different herbicides with adjuvants (a substance which enhances pesticides efficiency) towards improved rice production and weed management in direct-seeded rice crop. The early postemergence herbicides (Kelion 50 WG, Ryzelan 240 SC, and Nominee 100 SC were applied at full or 75% of the full dose with and without adjuvants i.e. 2% solution of ammonium sulfate (AS) and alkyl ether sulfate (AES) at 14 days after sowing (DAS), followed by late postemergence herbicides i.e. Puma super (7.5 EW) and Sunstar 60 WG at 28 DAS. Application of herbicides with and without adjuvant substantially suppressed weed with weed dry weight at 40 and 60 DAS and improved rice yield attributes over a weedy check. It was found that a combination of 75% of Nominee 100 SC along with adjuvant i.e. AS (2% v/v) resulted in higher biological yield (9.16 t/ha), harvest index (30.65%), more grains per panicle (98.13), 1000 grain weight (21.32 g) with improved seed yield (3.86 t/ha). Also, abortive kernel (5.33), chalky kernels (5.66), opaque kernels (5.00), normal kernel (70.66), water absorptive ratio (4.28), and kernel length (10.13). ]]>
<![CDATA[Drip vs. Mini-sprinkler Irrigation System on Leaf Water Potential and Various Vegetative Attributes of Annona squamosa under Lebanese Conditions ]]>
<![CDATA[May Hammoud]]>;
<![CDATA[Saleh Mobarak Alturk]]>;
<![CDATA[Zeina El Sebaaly]]>;
<![CDATA[Youssef Najib Sassine]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2606
<![CDATA[Recently, the introduction of tropical crops in Lebanon represented a challenge for farmers and researchers. Constraints to the adaptation of such crops, to climatic and soil conditions were found. In this study, an orchard of Annona trees (Sq/Ch combination) was irrigated by minisprinkler system and drip system, and compared to a control (not irrigated) over two consecutive years (year 4 and year 5 of the project). Compared to the control, plant height and leaf number were improved the most in year 5 by drip irrigation. Leaf water potential that peaked in the summer season in control plants (-1.8 MPa) was the lowest in plants irrigated by drip system (-1.3 MPa). No significant difference was observed between treatments in the number of lateral shoots. TDM of plant parts was improved by drip irrigation in both experimental years by 81 g (year 4) and by 258 g (year 5). LMF was significantly enhanced in year 5 by the mini-sprinkler system. RMF was the highest in trees irrigated by drip irrigation (0.265 g/g) and the lowest in the control (0.227 g/g). SMF was the highest in control trees in both experimental years. It seems that drip system presented an optimal method for the irrigation of annona.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Bacteria Isolated from Peat Swamp Forests to Control Rice Dirty Panicle Fungi in Thailand ]]>
<![CDATA[Unartngam, Jintana]]>;
<![CDATA[Naunnet, Thiphaphorn]]>;
<![CDATA[Sangsuk, Sasawat]]>;
<![CDATA[Chountragoon, Orawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Kerdkhong, Chommanat]]>;
<![CDATA[Tantirungkij, Manee]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2779
<![CDATA[Rice dirty panicle disease is one of the most important problems in Thailand. The fungal pathogens were reported to be many species including Curvularia lunata, Bipolaris oryzae, Fusarium incarnatum, Sarocladium oryzae, Trichoconis padwickii and Cercospora oryzae. Biological control is an alternative method for controlling this disease and reducing the application of fungicides. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic potential of bacteria isolated from peat swamp forests in Thailand. A total of 513 bacterial isolates were collected and screened in the laboratory using the dual culture method. The results revealed that three of the 513 bacterial strains (IBK-4, IBK-8 and IBK-5) were highly inhibitory to the fungal pathogens including C. lunata, B. oryzae and F. incarnatum. These three strains were identified as Bacillus (IBK-4 and IBK-8) and Brevibacillus (IBK-5) based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Then, these three strains were evaluated on a susceptible rice variety by inoculation with three fungal pathogens. The results indicated that Bacillus strain IBK-8 had the highest efficiency to control the disease development as observed in the disease severity and index. The results of this study indicated that bacterial strains from peat swamp forests have the potential to be antagonistic to plant pathogens.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation and In Vitro Selection on Citrus nobilis (L.) ‘Siam Banyuwangi’ to Huanglongbing (HLB) Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Dumaris Priskila Purba]]>;
<![CDATA[Ali Husni]]>;
<![CDATA[Alina Akhidaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Mia Kosmiatin]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Purwito]]>
<![CDATA[ AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI ]]>
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DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i2.2887
<![CDATA[Siam orange (Citrus nobilis L.) provides great economic value and social importance, despite its susceptibility to Huanglongbing (HLB) disease caused by Ca. Liberabacter sp., classified as specific bacterium phloem vessels marked by the formation of callouses covering plasmodesmata. This research aims to improve the tolerance of Siam orange from Banyuwangi (SB) to HLB disease. The experiment was undertaken by performing a randomized design (CRD) with one factor (irradiation dose). This study consists of two interrelated experiments, which include: induction of embryo mutations with gamma rays irradiation, and in vitro selection of putative mutant. The embryo of SB was irradiated by gamma rays with doses of 0, 45, 50, and 55 Gray. Each treatment was repeatedly undertaken for five times with 20 embryos. After 24 weeks, in vitro selection of putative mutant shoots was screened by HLB pathogen suspension. The observation indicated that treatment of gamma rays in various doses influenced embryo germination. In general, gamma ray irradiation gave significant effects on embryo germination and plant morphological characters. In vitro selection results for putative mutant on doses of 45, 50, and 55 indicated tolerance to HLB pathogen after selection.]]>
