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Samsul Kamal
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BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 23379812     EISSN : 25491768     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/biotik
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education
BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan publishes scientific articles in the field of biology education and technology. Furthermore, this journal bridges the gap between research and practice, providing information, ideas and insights, in addition to critical examinations of biology research and teaching. Through the coverage of policy and curriculum developments, the latest results of research into the teaching, learning and assessment of biology are brought to the fore. This journal is published by the Department of Biology Education in cooperation with the Center for Research and Community Service (LP2M) Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 328 Documents
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Development of Herbal Booster Product “A5I (Katuk (S. androgynus (L.) Merr.), Moringa (M. oleifera), Fenugreek (T. foenum-graecum L.), Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii))” as a Lactagogue Based on Clinical Observational Study Eva Kusumahati; Kintoro Kintoro; Sagiran Sagiran
Biotik Vol 14 No 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i1.34463

Abstract

Inadequate exclusive A5I provision is a risk factor for stunting, which remains a major health problem in Indonesia. A polyherbal tea product A5I containing katuk (Sauropus androgynus), moringa (Moringa oleifera), klabet (Trigonella foenum-graecum), torch ginger (Etlingera elatior), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) was developed as a natural lactagogum. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of the product through histopathological analysis of vital organs and mammary tissue in female mice after repeated administration. A 28-day subchronic toxicity test was conducted on female mice divided into control and treatment groups. The heart, lungs, kidneys, and mammary organs were harvested for histopathological examination using hematoxylin-eosin staining with a standardized scoring system. Myocardial histopathology showed minimal bleeding without necrosis. The lungs exhibited alveolar septal destruction and mild inflammatory cell infiltration without pulmonary edema, indicating a functional alveocapillary barrier. The kidneys exhibited only mild tubular degeneration without necrosis or inflammatory infiltration. Mammary tissue exhibited extensive ductal dilation and abundant intraluminal secretion distribution, consistent with active lactation. Subchronic administration of A5I polyherbal tea did not cause significant histopathological damage to vital organs, and the mammary findings support its potential lactagogic effect. These findings provide preliminary evidence of the safety of this polyherbal product as a breast milk booster, although further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm its safety and clinical effectiveness. Keyword: Breastfeeding Booster; Histopathology; Lactagogue; Mammary Gland; Mice; Polyherbal
Experimental Study on Delayed Cell Death After Thawing and the Effect of Cryoprotective Base Solutions Ho, YongIl; Mun, JongHyong; Pyo, KumChon; Pak, NamIl; Choi, SongGuk; Kang, Chol; Li, Chol; Lim , GyongMan; Choi, YongDo
Biotik Vol 14 No 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i1.33377

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cryopreservation is a cornerstone technology in regenerative medicine, cell therapy, and biobanking; however, delayed cell death (DCD) occurring 24–48 hours post-thaw remains a critical barrier to maintaining high-quality viable cells—even when immediate post-thaw viability exceeds 95%.  OBJECTIVE:   To investigate the occurrence of delayed cell death (DCD) in cells after thawing following cryopreservation, and to evaluate the regulatory effect of different cryoprotective base solutions, with a focus on establishing a UW solution-based cryopreservation protocol.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six cell lines (PESUN, Vero, RD, RK13, VeroE6, L20B) were used to compare two freezing methods (rapid freezing vs. slow freezing) and two cryoprotective base solutions (DMEM vs. UW solution). Cell viability was detected by trypan blue staining, apoptotic cells by Giemsa staining, and cell biological characteristics (proliferation, viral susceptibility) were assessed.  RESULTS: 1) DCD peaked at 24 h post-thaw: the mortality rate was 42.2% and apoptotic rate was 28.9% in DMEM-based groups. 2) UW solution (intracellular-type, low Na⁺/high K⁺) significantly reduced DCD: 24 h post-thaw mortality was 21.8% (vs. 43.2% in DMEM) and apoptotic rate was 13.9% (vs. 28.9% in DMEM, both P<0.05). 3) The optimal UW-based protocol was confirmed as: 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1 min room temperature equilibration, rapid freezing, 37°C water bath thawing, 2.5% glucose in dilution medium, and ≥4-fold dilution. 4) Cells preserved by this protocol maintained pre-cryopreservation properties (proliferation index: 3.27 vs. 3.23; doubling time: 41.8 h vs. 42.2 h; Echovirus B1 log₁₀ TCID₅₀/mL: 7.50 vs. 7.50).  CONCLUSION: Post-thaw DCD is closely associated with apoptosis. The UW solution-based cryopreservation protocol effectively reduces DCD while preserving cell function, providing a reliable strategy for clinical cell cryopreservation.
Efektivitas Daun Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) sebagai Insektisida Alami terhadap Kecoa (Periplaneta americana) Lestari, Rena; Sutarno; Astuti, Annisa Puji; Parlindungan, Deni; Handayani, Dewi
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34881

Abstract

Synthetic insecticides used to eradicate cockroaches leads to ecosystem damage and pest resistance, so there need environmental friendly natural insecticides. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of calamansi leaf extract (Citrofortunella microcarpa) as a natural insecticide against the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The leaves of C. microcarpa were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. The extract was prepared in 5 (five) concentrations: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%. Its effectiveness was tested using a spraying method and observed over 9 (nine) hours  on the trial. The data shows decreased in the activity of P. americana and morphological changes that ultimately led to death. Mortality data were analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC₅₀ value. The phytochemical screening of leaf C. microcarpa extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The leaf C. microcarpa extract was effective in killing P. americana, with mortality rates of 33%, 83%, 100%, 100%, and 100% at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%, respectively, and an LC₅₀ of 23.85%. Leaf C. Microcarpa extract containing tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The 60% concentration demonstrated the highest effectiveness in increasing the mortality rate of P. americana. Keyword:Citrofortunella microcarpa; Periplaneta americana; Natural Insecticide; Mortality.
Coral Fish Ecological Indices and Relationship with Seawater Physical Parameters at Nasi Island Sarong, M. Ali; Artika, Wiwit; Huda, Ismul; Iswadi, Iswadi; Aldyza, Nadia; Kamal, Samsul
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.35054

Abstract

Coral reef fishes are primary indicators of reef health and providers of essential ecosystem services, including maintaining food web balance, controlling algal growth, and supporting local fisheries. Monitoring the structure of coral reef fish communities is crucial for assessing reef conservation status, particularly in the Nasi Island ecosystem, Aceh, which has experienced coral bleaching and continues to face pressures from fishing activities and tourism. This study assessed species richness, diversity, and similarity of coral reef fishes at three stations (Deudap, Alue Riyeung, Pasie Janeng) during October–November 2024 using Belt Transect and Underwater Visual Census methods. The species richness index of coral reef fishes at Nasi Island was high (7.89–9.65), indicating that the reef ecosystem still provides complex habitats and resources that support diverse taxa. Diversity indices ranged from 2.98–3.49, categorized as moderate to high, reflecting relatively balanced community structures, although dominance by certain species may influence ecosystem functioning. Similarity indices between stations ranged from 52–60%, classified as high, suggesting ecological connectivity and uniform environmental conditions across sites. Integration of these indices confirms that the coral reefs of Nasi Island continue to function as resilient ecosystems, with the capacity to maintain biodiversity and ecological stability despite anthropogenic pressures and the impacts of coral bleaching. These findings provide an important foundation for conservation planning, sustainable resource management, and ecotourism development in the region. Keywords: Coral Reef Fish; Diversity; Similarity Index; Species Richness.
Utilization of Morphological and Morphometric Data of Amphibians from the Silahisabungan Geosite as Content for the Development of an Amphibian Species Diversity Booklet Situmorang, Berri; Manurung, Binari
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34780

Abstract

Amphibian diversity is an important indicator of environmental quality; however, the utilization of local biodiversity data as a learning resource remains limited, resulting in abstract learning processes. This study aimed to analyze the morphological and morphometric variations of amphibians in the Silahisabungan Geosite-Toba Caldera Unesco Global Geopark (TCUGGp) and to utilize these data as contents for developing a biodiversity booklet. A quantitative descriptive method was employed through observation, documentation, and morphometric measurements of 18 species from five families. The parameters measured included snout-vent length (SVL), head length (HL), head width (HW), tibia length (TL), and others. Data were analyzed descriptively and through morphometric comparisons among species and families. The results showed significant variation in body size and proportions, with SVL ranging from 2.48 to 11.78 cm. Differences in morphometric characteristics among families reflect adaptations to their respective habitats. These findings indicate that morphometric data have strong potential as a basis for developing contextual biology. Keywords: Amphibian; Biodiversity; Booklet; Morphometric; Toba Caldera Unesco Global Geopark (TCUGGp).
Comparative Evaluation of Kratok Bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) Flour and Boiled Extract as Alternative Media for Candida albicans Growth Rahmayanti, Rahmayanti; Erlinawati, Erlinawati; Ibrahim , Ibrahim; Husna, Nurul
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.35176

Abstract

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and the principal causative agent of candidiasis, whose laboratory identification frequently relies on selective culture media most notably Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) at considerable cost. As a practical alternative, this study evaluated the potential of kratok bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) seeds processed as flour-based agar (FBKA) and boiled-extract agar (BEKA) for supporting C. albicans growth. A pure laboratory experimental design was employed, comparing macroscopic and microscopic colonial characteristics between PDA (control) and both alternative media following 72 hours of incubation at 37°C, with three independent replicates (n = 3). Both alternative media supported C. albicans growth, producing colonies with a cream to yellowish coloration, a characteristic yeast odor, and a convex surface morphology by day 3. Microscopic examination via the germ tube test on both alternative media confirmed pseudohyphal formation. Kruskal–Wallis analysis revealed significant inter-media differences in colony diameter on day 3 (H = 7.200; p = 0.027). Post-hoc Dunn's test demonstrated that BEKA produced colonies of ≤3 mm at day 3, statistically comparable to PDA (z = 1.342; p = 0.179, ns), whereas FBKA yielded colonies of ≤2 mm and differed significantly from PDA (z = 2.683; p = 0.007). These findings indicate that the boiled-extract medium outperforms the flour-based formulation and warrants consideration as an efficient, cost-effective substitute for C. albicans culture in resource-limited laboratory settings.  
Phytochemical Constituents and Hypoglycemic Effects of Bhee Fruit (Melastoma sp) Extract in Diabetic Animal Model Rinawati, Rinawati; Muhsin, Sri Wahyuni; Siregar, Siti Maisyaroh Fitri; Oktasari, Ade
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.34777

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic condition that cannot be cured, but it can be managed using synthetic or herbal hypoglycaemic agents. Herbal plants containing phytochemicals serve as an alternative treatment for diabetes due to their lower incidence of side effects. Bhee fruit (Melastoma malabathricum L.) is rich in antioxidants and has potential as a hypoglycaemic agent. This study aims to identify the phytochemical content qualitatively and quantitatively, and to test the effect of bhee fruit extract on blood glucose levels in a diabetic mice model. Qualitative identification was carried out using water, ethanol and methanol as solvents. Quantitative analysis was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and gravimetry. The in vivo test involved 24 mice divided into six groups: normal control, metformin control, diabetic control, and three treatment groups with extract doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight over 28 days. The results showed that the aqueous solvent extracted the highest amount of bioactive components, including steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols and tannin. Furthermore, administration of the aqueous extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, with the highest reduction at 400 mg/kg body weight (p<0.05). In conclusion, the aqueous extract of bhee fruit is effective as a hypoglycaemic agent in diabetic mice. Keyword: Antioxidants; Alloxan; Hyperglycemia; Secondary metabolites.
ThinkNature.id : Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah dan Berpikir Kreatif Melalui Website Pembelajaran dalam Problem-Based Learning Putra, Harizki Ananda; Saptasari, Murni; Rohman, Fatchur
Biotik Vol 14 No 2 (2026): JURNAL BIOTIK
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/biotik.v14i2.35000

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have become a requirement in school curricula to equip students with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to contribute to sustainable development. One implication for biology education is the need to develop 21st-century skills, including problem-solving and creative thinking skills. This study aims to develop ThinkNature.id, a Problem-Based Learning based educational website designed to enhance students’ problem-solving and creative thinking skills in the context of biodiversity. This study employed the development model proposed by Lee and Owens. The results indicate that ThinkNature.id was categorized as highly valid and highly practical. Implementation of the website improved problem-solving skills, with an N-Gain score of 0.51, while creative thinking skills also increased by 0.64. ANCOVA test results revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control classes (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Therefore, the Problem-based learning based ThinkNature.id platform is deemed valid, practical, and effective in supporting the improvement of students’ problem-solving and creative thinking skills. Keywords: Biodiversity; Creative Thinking Skills; Problem-Based Learning; Problem-Solving Skills; ThinkNature.id.

Page 33 of 33 | Total Record : 328

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