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Jurnal Fisika Unand
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 23028491     EISSN : 26862433     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Makalah yang dapat dipublikasikan dalam jurnal ini adalah makalah dalam bidang Fisika meliputi Fisika Atmosfir, Fisika Bumi, Fisika Intrumentasi, Fisika Material, Fisika Nuklir, Fisika Radiasi, Fisika Komputasi, Fisika Teori, Biofisika, ataupun bidang lain yang masih ada kaitannya dengan ilmu fisika.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika Nuklir dan Molekuler, dan Ooptik
Articles 50 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12 No 4 (2023)" : 50 Documents clear
Pengaruh Tegangan terhadap Nilai CTDIvol, Dose Length Product dan Dosis Efektif pada Pemeriksaan Computed Tomography (CT) Abdomen: Studi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Fulki Fiarka; Sri Oktamuliani; Nunung Nuraeni
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.591-597.2023

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi dampak variasi tegangan pada dosis radiasi yang diterima oleh pasien yang menjalani pemeriksaan Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen menggunakan mesin pemindai Philips 128 slice. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada evaluasi hubungan antara tegangan, Compued Tomography Dose Index Volume (CTDIvol), Dose Length Product (DLP), dan dosis efektif pada organ gonad pasien. Sampel terdiri dari 20 pasien dengan postur tubuh normal yang menjalani pemeriksaan CT abdomen, dengan variasi tegangan sebesar 100 kV dan 120 kV. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata CTDIvol adalah (72,028 ± 18,88) mGy dan DLP diukur sebesar (3369,06 ± 1036,70) mGy.cm. Selain itu, dosis efektif yang diserap organ gonad sebesar (6,8011 ± 2,30) mSv. Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik dalam CTDIvol, DLP, dan dosis efektif dengan peningkatan variasi tegangan. Hubungan ini didukung oleh P-value < 0,05, menunjukkan signifikansi statistiknya. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya mempertimbangkan pengaturan tegangan dalam mengoptimalkan protokol pemeriksaan CT untuk menjaga keselamatan pasien. Dengan memahami pengaruh tegangan pada dosis radiasi, para profesional kesehatan dapat mengadopsi strategi untuk meminimalkan paparan radiasi pada pemeriksaan CT abdomen.
Prototipe Alat Pengujian Gelombang dengan Buzzer Generator Frekuensi Sebagai Alternatif Pengusir Tikus Umi Pratiwi; Zaroh Irayani
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.526-533.2023

Abstract

Tikus merupakan hewan pengerat yang banyak mendatangkan kerugian baik di rumah tangga, industri, maupun pertanian. Selain mengganggu kesehatan, tikus juga pernah menjadi salah satu penyebab menurunnyya produksi beras secara nasional pada tahun 2015-2017. Perkembangan teknologi menawarkan solusi permasalahan ini dengan pemanfaatan gelombang suara untuk membuat pendengaran tikus terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang prototype alat pengujian gelombang suara menggunakan kontrol potensiometer guna mendapatkan besar frekuensi yang cukup efektif mengganggu pendengaran tikus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian perancangan yang menggunakan adopsi model 4D Thiagarajan. Adapun Istrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi ahli dan lembar uji laboratorium. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah diperoleh: (1) Alat memenuhi kriteria kelayakan pada uji coba laboratorium dengan tingkat kesalahan yang sangat kecil sebesar 0.05% pada output sistem, 0.06% pada uji komparasi tegangan, dan kesalahan sebesar 0.07% pada uji komparasi arus. (2) Alat memenuhi kriteria kelayakan pada uji validasi dengan persentase sebesar 78% dengan pengujian lapangan . Penelitian perancangan ini tentunya memiliki keterbatasan penelitian sehingga untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut bisa ditambahkan sampel pengujian untuk jenis hama ataupun serangga untuk menguji efektifitasnya senagai alat pengusir hama.
Numerical Simulation of Bird Strike with Varied L/D Ratio in Hemispherical-ended Cylinder Bird Model Using Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian Method Endah Yuniarti; S Afandi Sitompul; B Aji Warsiyanto
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.628-638.2023

Abstract

This research studies the numerical simulation of the finite element method for bird strike using a hemispherical-ended cylinder bird model with varying length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio, namely 1.4; 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 1.8; 1.9; and 2.0. Birds are modelled with elastic, plastic, and hydrodynamic behaviour. The bird model uses the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method with impact speeds of 100 ms-1, 200 ms-1, and 300 ms-1. The simulation results show that the Hugoniot pressure value is around 15-36 times higher than stagnation pressure in L/D 1.4; 14-36 times in L/D 1.5; 13-30 times in L/D 1.6; 12-32 times in L/D 1.7; 12-26 times in L/D 1.8; 13-30 times in L/D 1.9; and 13-29 times in L/D 2.0. It was found that the highest Hugoniot and stagnation pressure were in L/D 1.5 and 1.8, while the lowest Hugoniot and stagnation pressure were in L/D 2.0 and 1.5, respectively. In addition, the error of the numerical results of the average Hugoniot and stagnation pressure value compared to the analytic was 2.9% and 7%, respectively. 
Sistem Booster dan Pendeteksi Kadar Alkohol Pada Fermentasi Tapai Ketan Menggunakan Sensor MQ-3 Berbasis IoT Joanica Intan Cahyandari; Harmadi Harmadi
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.561-567.2023

Abstract

Proses fermentasi tapai ketan sebagai salah satu makanan tradisional yang disukai oleh masyarakat Sumatra Barat membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama yaitu selama +-72 jam. Fermentasi yang terlalu lama dapat menghasilkan tapai yang memiliki kandungan alkohol yang tinggi dan rasa asam yang kurang disukai masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membuat sistem booster dan pendeteksi kadar alkohol pada fermentasi tapai ketan menggunakan sensor MQ-3 berbasis IoT. Sistem booster menggunakan elemen Peltier untuk mengontrol suhu ruang fermentasi tapai pada rentang 35°C sampai 40°C yang dideteksi oleh sensor DHT11. Peningkatan kadar gas alkohol selama proses fermentasi dideteksi oleh sensor MQ-3. Kadar gas alkohol 0,58% menjadi acuan bahwa tapai sudah matang. Hasil pengukuran suhu, kelembapan, dan kadar gas alkohol selama proses fermentasi ditampilkan pada LCD dan aplikasi Blynk berbasis IoT. Buzzer berbunyi pada saat tapai matang. Waktu fermentasi tapai ketan hitam lebih lama yaitu selama 39 jam, sedangkan tapai ketan putih selama 36 jam. Tapai ketan yang dihasilkan memiliki tekstur yang lunak, berair, dan memiliki rasa yang manis dengan kadar gas alkohol yang sama sebesar 0,58%.
Rancang Bangun Tripod Kamera Otomatis Pengikut Objek Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik Ali Irvan; Wildian Wildian
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.690-696.2023

Abstract

A design of an object follower automatic tripod camera based on an ultrasonic sensor has been done. The object follower automatic tripod camera design consists of 3 units of ultrasonic sensor, a servo motor, and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. An ultrasonic sensor was used to detect an object in the left front, in front, and in the right front of the device. Object detection was performed by using distance intervals from sensors. The sensors were designed to make 30° angle intervals each other and make 90° total angle detection in front of the device. Characterization of ultrasonic sensors showed that sensors could detect an object with an angle of 15°.  The servo test shows that it can rotate until 160°. Servo could rotate until the angle position at 60°, 90°, and 120°. Device testing shows that it was able to detect an object at a distance of 2 m and a total angle of 90° in front of the device, and the servo was able to rotate the camera to the detection field.
Design of a Thermal Conductivity Measurement Technique for Clay Furnace Materials Using an Arduino-Based Thermocouple Sensor¬ Elfiana, Elfiana; Tansa, Salmawaty; Eka Setiawan, Dewa Gede
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.615-620.2023

Abstract

This study aims to design a thermal conductivity measurement system for solid clay furnace materials, measure the thermal conductivity value of a clay furnace using an Arduino-based Thermocouple sensor, and determine the relationship of the thermal conductivity value to variations in clay furnace samples using an Arduino-based thermocouple sensor. The method used in research, design, manufacture and testing of tools. Data collection in this study was to measure the thermal conductivity of 4 samples of clay furnaces based on differences in husks using an Arduino-based Thermocouple sensor. Analysis of research data was carried out using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, assisted by Microsoft Excel and SPSS programs. In data analysis, univariate, bivariate analysis was performed. The relationship between the value of thermal conductivity to the husk material in each sample has a positive relationship between time and temperature variables, in other words, the more time the temperature increases, the faster the temperature increases. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the best thermal conductivity is in sample one with a value of 1.5375 J/ (K.m) and the poorest is in sample four with the lowest conductivity value of 0.3125 J/ (K.m).
Pengaruh Nilai Ketahanan Tarik Terhadap Daya Regang Dalam Pembuatan Kertas Dari Bahan Baku Kulit Singkong dan Daun Nanas Ningsih, Mulia; Sirait, Ratni; Jumiati, Ety
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.518-525.2023

Abstract

 Kertas dihasilkan dari bahan setengah jadi (pulp) yang mengandung selulosa. Bahan baku yang digunakan kulit singkong dan daun nanas, karena mengandung selulosa yang tinggi diatas 40%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik kertas dan variasi komposisi terbaik kertas dari kulit singkong dan daun nanas. Metode pembuatan pulp menggunakan proses soda. Variasi berat sampel A (80:20%), B (60:40%), C (40:60%) dan D (20:80%). Kulit singkong dan daun nanas dipanaskan menggunakan hot plate dengan penambahan NaOH 1,5% dengan suhu 100˚C. Proses pemutihan menggunakan larutan H2O2 10%. Hasil karakterisasi kertas pada sampel menunjukkan bahwa nilai uji ketahanan tarik sampel A bernilai 0,2567 MPa, B bernilai 0,4854 MPa, C bernilai 1,3127 Mpa dan D bernilai 1,4322 MPa dan daya regang sampel A sebesar 0,70%, B sebesar 0,86%, C sebesar 1,69%, dan D sebesar 2,05%. Berdasarkan data menunjukkan bahwa sampel D yang terbaik dan telah memenuhi kertas cetak C SNI 14-0937-2005 dalam pembuatan kertas.         
Interpretasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Menggunakan Data Anomali Medan Magnet Daerah Manifestasi Panas Bumi Sampuraga Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Tanjung, Rita Ummi Sahida; Pujiastuti, Dwi; Putra, Ardian
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.554-560.2023

Abstract

This research was conducted to identify the distribution of magnetic field anomalies to determine the subsurface structure of the area around Sampuraga hot springs. Magnetic field data was measured using a magnetometer in an area with dimensions of 1400 m x 1100 m with 154 points. The measurement data is a total magnetic field, and to obtain magnetic field anomaly values, corrections are made for diurnal variation and IGRF correction. Magnetic field anomaly values range from 353,1 nT to 7622,0 nT. Magnetic field anomaly data were processed using the Oasis Montaj software by reducing to the poles, upward continuation, and 2D modeling. The 2D modeling results show three layers of soil in the study area. The upper part (first and second layers) is interpreted as a caprock. This layer consists of sedimentary rock types of sandstone and clay and igneous rock in the form of granite at a depth of up to 1700 m. The lower part (third layer) is interpreted as a reservoir. This layer consists of metasedimentary volcanic rock, clay alteration, andesitic lava, and dacitic lava with a depth of up to 2030 m from the ground surface. The results of this model also interpret the fault zone as an outflow zone so that it forms manifestations on the surface. These three geothermal system components show that the Sampuraga area can be further developed and explored.
Perhitungan Shutdown Margin Teras NuScale Menggunakan OpenMC Razaqiyanto, Hadi; Shafii, Mohammad Ali; Raflis, Helen
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.512-517.2023

Abstract

One of the important reactor safety parameters to study is the issue of shutdown margin (SDM). This study aims to obtain an effective safety design of the NuScale reactor in reviewing the SDM value parameter. SDM calculations are performed using OpenMC, which is a programming code based on the Monte Carlo method. OpenMC is an open source calculation code that has the advantage of access to modifications to the reactor core geometry design. The type of reactor used in this simulation is the NuScale Small Modular Reactor (SMR) which is a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) type of reactor. The NuScale core simulation was designed in accordance with the General Design Criterion (GDC), which is a core arrangement that has a Control Rod Assemblies (CRA) regulating bank (RB) and CRA shutdown bank (SB) and UO2 fuel with an enrichment of <4.9%. From the calculation results, the SDM value of NuScale is 17743 pcm. This NuScale core SDM value indicates that the NuScale reactor under study complied with the sufficient safety design limits for all power levels and operating modes.
Sistem Pemantauan Slot Parkir Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik JSN-SR04T dan Pengenalan Plat Nomor Kendaraan dengan ESP32-CAM Auliya, Khairina; Yusfi, Meqorry; Rasyid, Rahmat
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 12 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.534-540.2023

Abstract

A parking slot monitoring system prototype has been produced using the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor and vehicle license plate recognition with ESP32-CAM. The system was created to make it easier for motorists to monitor the availability of parking slots remotely by utilizing Telegram which is connected to the ESP32-CAM module and Arduino Mega 2560. The ultrasonic sensor detects the distance of vehicles entering or exiting the parking lot, then a servo motor opens the entry and exit bars. Vehicle users can monitor the availability of parking slots on the Telegram bot. In each slot there is an ultrasonic sensor that detects the distance so that it can find out whether there is a vehicle in the slot. The test results show that the ultrasonic sensor has an average error percentage of 0.65%. The parking barrier can be opened when the ultrasonic sensor detects the presence of a vehicle at the entrance or exit and the ultrasonic sensor can detect the presence of a vehicle according to the conditions in the slot. The system is equipped with vehicle license plate character recognition using the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) method. Through the ESP32-CAM module camera webserver, the OCR program can detect vehicle plates with the furthest distance of 140 cm using video resolution (400x296) and 300 cm using video resolution (1600x1200). The OCR program can read the vehicle plate characters correctly and the results for the number of characters obtained correspond to the license plate being tested, then the vehicle plate data is stored in the database

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