ROTOR: JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK MESIN
ROTOR merupakan jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Jember yang memuat artikel ilmiah dalam bidang Konversi Energi, Design/Perancangan, Teknik Produksi, Material serta bidang lain yang terkait dengan Teknik Mesin. Semua naskah yang diterima ROTOR diterbitkan secara global dalam bentuk elektronik. Hasil penelitian yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini diharapkan dapat menambah khasanah pengetahuan di bidang Teknik Mesin serta menjadikan sarana bagi para profesional baik dari dunia usaha, pendidikan, ataupun peneliti untuk menyebarluaskan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di bidang Teknik Mesin melalui publikasi hasil penelitian.
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<![CDATA[RANCANG BANGUN SEPEDA LISTRIK UNTUK PENDERITA CACAT KAKI ]]>
<![CDATA[Eko Sulistyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Rodika Rodika]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[This time the need of transport's mode for the disabled leg is not maximized. To fulfill these need, we need the necessary transportation tools, one of the tools is a bike. However, the existing bike cannot be used for patients with leg disabilities. The purpose of this research is to design an electric bike wake for the disabled leg with movers using hand paddles and electric system. Bikes are made to be able to provide a low risk of injury while driving and can be used on any terrain. This research will be focused on the design and make electric bike frame for the disabled leg with brushless motor drive and battery charging via PLN's electricity. The stages of the research is the first stage of drafting the bike according to the list of needs. The concept design electric bikes are made with size 1270 x 850 x 1226 mm and uses three wheels. For the movers using brushless DC motors 350 Watt / 48 V with battery accu used 12V / 7 Ah combined series of 4 pieces battery and for manual use paddle power hand. The second stage of is the process of making electric bike. The third stage of is the process of testing an electric bike. Tests performed include testing the strength of the frame, tilt test and movers’s test on the bike. From the results of Static test performed that by loading 70 kg on the bike showed the bike suffered no damage and passed the test. In testing of stability with position of the front wheel facing upwards, downwards and sideways with make a tilt angle of 100. The test results revealed bike was not damaged and will not tip so the bike passed the test. For the test movers electric bike, the speed of electric bicycles from testing up to 20Km / h on a straight road for 1 hour and charging time for 3.5 hours using a charge battery 48V / 2A through voltage PLN’s source. Keywords: Foot deformity, Stability, Electric bikes]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH LAJU ALIRAN UDARA TERHADAP KINERJA SISTEM REFRIGERASI PADA TATA UDARA SENTRAL ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Nuriyadi]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[The work of refrigeration system incentral air conditioning should be set to the cooling load to obtain the peak performance of the system with efficient energy consumption. One factor that affect to the the cooling load is the conditioned air flow rate suppliedin the system.The experiment is conducted by varying air flow rate (with 4 variations which is 1,152; 1,184; 1,216 and 1,280 m3/s respectively), to aim the optimum performance of the refrigeration system in the air conditioning system (central AHU) to consumption efficient levelof power. The results is that the refrigeration system performance is not much influenced by variations ofair flow rate,where the highest coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigeration system (5.69) was obtained by air flow rate (debit) of 1,184 m3/s, about 4% of the COP on the largest debit. The highest compression ratio (3.5) was obtained at lowest air flow rate (1.152 m3/s), and the lowest average of power consumption is obtained at the lowest air flow rate 1.152 m3/s, 9% lower than power consumption at thegreatest air flow.While the performance of the HVAC system is affected by variations in air flow rate, where is the greatest cooling capacity (62.364 kW) and the highest EER (3.99) was obtained at the highest flow rate of 1.280 m3/s. Keywords: air flow rate, performance, central air conditioning.]]>
<![CDATA[PENINGKATAN PERFORMA TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORISONTAL BERSUDU AIR FOIL MELALUI PENAMBAHAN NOSEL DAN DIFUSER ]]>
<![CDATA[Jhon A. Wabang]]>;
<![CDATA[Agustinus Betan]]>;
<![CDATA[Edwin Hattu]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambros Tuati]]>;
<![CDATA[Thomas Fongo]]>;
<![CDATA[Piter Tukah]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[Horizontal axis wind turbine air foil blade is one of several types of wind turbines to convert the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy of the wind turbine. Mechanical energy wind turbine is then converted into electrical energy through a generator and also for irrigation and other functions. The mechanism of utilization of wind energy to generate electricity or irrigation function is a positive step because the kinetic energy of wind is the energy that is environmentally friendly, does not cause air pollution, on the other hand, wind energy freely available in nature. In this research, the process of converting the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy through a horizontal axis wind turbine air foil blade is still done on a laboratory scale. The purpose of this study was to determine the torque and power of horizontal axis wind turbines air foil blade. The method of implementation of this research is a horizontal axis wind turbine air foil blade in the test using a fan with three speeds varying found on the fan. The wind turbine is also tested using additional devices such as utilization of nozzle and diffuser to determine the performance of the turbine. The addition nozzle and diffuser is a method of increasing the efficiency of wind turbines because look at the function of the nozzle and diffuser itself. Dimensions of wind turbines in the study had a sweep of the area of 50 cm2 and the number of blades used 3 pieces or blades. The mechanism of this device test carried out in three stages, namely testing without using nozzle and diffuser, using a nozzle testing and testing using a diffuser. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the first speed, the greatest torque and power the of the wind turbine without nozzle and diffuser is 0.1017 Nm and 4,126 W; at a speed of 2, the greatest power and torque occurs in the turbine using a diffuser that is 0.1195 Nm and 6.88 W; at 3 speed, torque and power are greatest in the turbine using a diffuser that is 0.1166 Nm and 7,935 W. Keywords: Wind turbine, Airfoil, Nozzle, Diffuser.]]>
<![CDATA[APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI CATALYTIC CONVERTER SISTEM SERABUT BAJA KARBON RENDAH PADA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR SEBAGAI PEREDUKSI POLUSI UDARA ]]>
<![CDATA[Andi Sanata]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[Technology of motor vehicles that are environmental friendly and fuel-efficient has been a demands in this era of energy crisis and global warming. The growth in number of motor vehicles which are very rapidly has raised the issue of air pollution that should be immediately resolved. Material utilization of iron (Fe) containing low carbon steel is often called low carbon as material for reducing pollution in this study applies principles of catalysation in motor vehicle exhaust gas pollutants with the material. The purpose of this research is generating a product of an architecture modification exhaust pollutants reducing motor vehicle by applying the technology of catalytic converter to reduce pollutant gases like CO and HC that are contained in the exhaust gas, as well as improving performance of the machine. The methods used to achieve these goals is the experimental method, which starts with design and creating of modification reducing exhaust gas as well as testing the effectiveness for emissions level and testing the poduct against the performance of the machine. The results of this research is the use of modification exhaust with application of catalytic converter technology with low carbon steel filler metals as catalysts in motor gasoline four steps can lower the levels of concentration of exhaust pollutants carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC), increase torque, power, and lower fuel consumption than a standard exhaust conditions. Testing with a percentage of 75% volume of fibres low carbon steel has the best average results in the reduction of carbonmonoxide (CO) gases of 0.41% (lowered levels of CO 71.79% from the standard exhaust conditions) and hydrocarbons (HC) by 77.89 ppm (lowered levels of HC 61,25%), also can generate an increase in the average torque of 15.46% (with an average value of 4.23 Kg. m), an increase of the average effective power of 19.14% (with an average value of 11.76 HP), and decreasing in fuel consumption of 18.51% (with an average value of 1.48 Kg/hour) of the standard exhaust treatment conditions. Keywords: Catalytic Converter, Low Carbon Steel, Hydrocarbon, Carbonmonoxide]]>
<![CDATA[KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN KOTORAN SAPI DAN LIMBAH PUCUK TEBU (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ISIAN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN BIOGAS ]]>
<![CDATA[Danial Ahmad Fauzi]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuli Hananto]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuana Susmiati]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[Biogas is the result of organic waste fermentation into methane with certain anaerobic microorganisms (air-tight). The purpose of this study is aims to analyze the concentration of a mixture of cow manure and sewage shoots sugar cane based on C/N ratio to produce biogas and to compare the results and identify the best gas production rate. The treatment in this study is using 20, 30 and 40 C/N ratio. The parameters that will be observed is the first time to produce gas, volume of biogas, biogas production rate, ambient temperature and fire flame. Based on this research, biogas optimal results based on 40 C/N ratio that is 40.205,7 ml but it have high CO2 this is proved by the flame test, while the C/N ratio of 30 is 32215 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 6288 ml. Best biogas production rate is 30 C/N ratio which is on the first day can produce 13.733 ml gas, C/N ratio of 40 is 10.666,67 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 1.203 ml. Therefore, the more a mixture of sugar cane waste in biogas shoots cow manure, the greater the volume of biogas produced. Keywords: Biogas, Cow manure, waste shoots sugarcane, C/N ratio]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH WAKTU GESEK FRICTION WELDING TERHADAP KARAKTERISASI BAJA AISI 1045 DENGAN SUDUT CHAMFER 15 DERAJAT ]]>
<![CDATA[Riko Septian]]>;
<![CDATA[Gaguk Jatisukamto]]>;
<![CDATA[Salahuddin Junus]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[Friction welding is a technique by rubbing between two metal surfaces to produce a heat source, causing the union between the two metal surfaces without using filler metal. The purpose of this research is to improve the mechanical strength of metal welded joints 1045. The research method is done by rubbing between the two metal surfaces with the time variation of friction 25 seconds, 35 seconds, 45 seconds and 55 seconds. Friction time in 45 seconds able to get the highest tensile strength about 703,835 N/mm2 and get fracture in main metal. In other, at the time of friction 25 seconds reach its low tensile strength about 429,671 N/mm2 and occured a fracture in connection welds. Best hardness distribution obtained at the time of friction 55 seconds with a value of 270 BHN in hardness weld metal, the hardness value inleft part of HAZ reach 252 BHN and hardness value of right part of HAZ reach 247.6 BHN. Lowest hardness obtained at Friction time in 25 seconds with welding metal hardness of 250 BHN, hardness value in left side HAZ reach 240.3 BHN and the right sideof reach 236.6 BHN. Time friction affect to the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 1045. Smaller crystal structure will be block the movement of the dislocation, so that the mechanical properties of the metal are getting better, and conversely when crystal structuresare formed getting greater, the mechanical properties of the material will decreases. Keywords: friction welding, friction time, tensile strength, hardness, metallography.]]>
<![CDATA[SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KESAMBI (Schleichera Oleosa L.) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS BASA HETEROGEN DARI LIMBAH KARBIT ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Syarif]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuana Susmiati]]>;
<![CDATA[Michael Joko Wibowo]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[Biodiesel is a kind of alternative fuels to replace fossil fuels as form as diesel can be obtain through out transesterification process of vagetable oils and methanol with catalyst. One of all vegetables oil that able to use as biodiesel’s material is kesambi seeds oil. The objective of this study is to determine the number of calcium carbide residual catalyst effect to the number of biodiesel’s production. Biodiesel produce by esterification-esterification-transesterification (EET) method. Esterification process using methanol amount of 20% w/v, sulfuric acid is 5% w/v, while the reactive temperature is 60oC and stirring duration about 60 minutes. Transesterification process using methanol amount of 75% w/v while the reactive temperature is 60oC, stirring duration is 120 minutes and calcium carbide residue will be variated to 2,3,4,5 and 6% w/v. The highest biodiesel’s production in amount of 51.4% is achieved by 6% catalyst number. While the lowest number in amount of 34.32% is achieved by 2% catalyst number. R2 number is about 93% which positive correlation slope number reached 475,7x according to correlation between calcium carbide catalyst number and biodiesel’s production number. Therefore it has more and more catalyst calcium carbide residue used will obtain the greater biodiesel yield. Keywords: : Biodiesel, Kesambi seeds oil, Calcium Carbide Residue,Esterification,Transesterification]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS DIAMETER GELEMBUNG PADA KERUGIAN TEKANAN ALIRAN FLUIDA ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachmat Subagyo]]>;
<![CDATA[I.N.G. Wardana]]>;
<![CDATA[Eko Siswanto]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[In the development of science studies have been conducted to observe the losses that occur in piping systems. During the fluid flowing through the pipe friction losses will occur between the fluid with the walls of the pipes, which are called by major losses. In general, the greater the loss of majorlosis on rough surfaces and can be reduced by using a more smooth surface such as glass, acrylic or with other coating materials. Gas bubbles that occur from the reaction of water with very influential magnesium in lowering the pressure in a turbulent flow. With the gas bubbles in the fluid flow creates the effect of two-phase flow. This study reviewed the effect of gas bubbles to the pressure drop (pressure drop) that occurs. The working fluid used is water that flowed through the channel with a square acrylic 18´9 mm size. The bottom of the channel is mounted ribbon mg powder grain size 160mm to create the effect of bubbles in the fluid flow. The powder iron (Fe) used as comparison with the same grain size. The results showed when the turbulent flow mg tape coating is more effective to reduce pressure losses due to flow into two phases and some bubbles that can survive will shrink the size of its diameter so it does not impede the flow rate. Keywords: Piping systems, major losis, bubbles of gas, two-phase flow, bubble effect.]]>
<![CDATA[STUDI NUMERIK 2-D PENGARUH PRANDTL NUMBER DAN SUB-CRITICAL REYNOLDS NUMBER TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK ALIRAN DAN PERPINDAHAN PANAS PADA SINGLE CIRCULAR CYLINDER ]]>
<![CDATA[Arif Kurniawan]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[The phenomenon of the process of flow and heat transfer in single circular cylinder is the base concept to determine the characteristics of flow and heat transfer in a circular cylinder arranged in a particular pattern , the practical application is widely used in industries such as determining the design arrangement of tube or pipe in the tool of heat tranfer (heat exchangers). The amount of heat transfer when the fluid flow across (cross flow) circular cylinder indicated by the parameter Nusselt number, be it is local Nusselt number (NuФ) and Average Nusselt number ( is strongly influenced by the Prandtl number and Reynolds number, where the area in the boundary layer that contribution is very large in the process of heat transfer is a stagnation point at the laminar boundary layer region, reattachment of the shear layer region on the transition boundary layer and periodic vortex flow region (turbulent boundary layer) in the region wake. Fluid flow phenomena and periodic vortex flow region accompanied by the occurrence of vortex shedding and Karman vortex street. The method used in this research is the study of numerical 2-D unsteady RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes), using simulation analysis SST k-ω turbulence models in software CFD FLUENT to obtain data relating to the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer. Validation of numerical use grid independence according to Nusselt number of experimental results and the results of calculations using the empirical correlation equation. Numerical studies showed significant results that the Nusselt number is influenced by the value of Reynolds number and Prandtl number and can be used as a basis concept for studying the mechanism of the phenomenon of the concept of flow and heat transfer tube banks of heat exchangers. Value of local Nusselt number (NuФ) numerical simulation results increased with increasing Reynolds number and Prandtl number, where NuФ = 21.55 up to NuФ = 128.2, and from NuФ = 21.55 up to NuФ = 598.76. Keywords: Nusselt number Prandtl number, Reynolds number, 2-D unsteady RANS, SST k-ω turbulence model]]>
<![CDATA[UJI TABRAK KOMPONEN PINTU DAN BAMPER MOBIL LISTRIK BERBAHAN KOMPOSIT SERAT TEBU DENGAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuni Hermawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Robertus Sidartawan]]>
<![CDATA[ ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember ]]>
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<![CDATA[In each design do have to consider the strength of the material. The force that must be considered regarding the dimensions, materials, and the structure of the workpiece. This research will be discussed on the analysis of stress concentration crash test specimen doors and bumpers electric car with the finite element method. The finite element method is a numerical method used to solve technical problems and physical symptoms metematis which include stress, strain, force, and vibration analysis. The finite element method is to compare between calculation using CATIA software and use manual calculation. In this case the finite element method to be used is the finite element method 2D triangular elements with 3 nodes. From this study, the largest and smallest stress to the crash test door electric car is8.65 x 106 N/m2 and 1.71 x 105 N/m2. while stress for the largest and smallest electric car bumper crash test are: 4.69 x 107 N/m2 and 1.01 x 106 N/m2. Keywords: stress, crash test, the electric car doors and bumpers.]]>
