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Yuana Susmiati
Politeknik Negeri Jember
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Prospek Produksi Bioetanol dari Limbah Pertanian dan Sampah Organik Yuana Susmiati
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 7, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (685.231 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.industria.2018.007.02.1

Abstract

Abstrak Bioetanol merupakan salah satu bioenergi yang digunakan sebagai substitusi bensin dan bersifat ramah lingkungan. Bahan baku bioetanol yang bersumber dari tanaman budidaya membutuhkan biaya tinggi dan bersaing dengan penyediaan pangan. Limbah pertanian dan sampah organik mempunyai kandungan kimia yang potensial digunakan sebagai bahan baku alternatif pembuatan bioetanol. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah menentukan potensi limbah pertanian dan sampah organik sebagai bahan baku bioetanol di Indonesia, mengidentifikasi jenis teknologi proses produksi bioetanol yang dapat dikembangkan, serta menentukan dampak pengembangan produksi bioetanol tersebut terhadap lingkungan, sosial ekonomi dan keberlanjutannya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan data jumlah limbah pertanian dan sampah organik, penghitungan potensi bietanol yang dapat diproduksi dan analisis sesuai hasil kajian pustaka. Potensi limbah pertanian dan sampah organik di Indonesia pada tahun 2015 cukup tinggi yaitu 156.892.752,7 ton dan 1.035.889,2 ton serta dapat dikonversi menjadi bioetanol sebanyak 11.880.641,29 kiloliter dan 72.511,2 kiloliter. Teknologi proses pengolahan limbah pertanian dan sampah organik menjadi bioetanol dapat dilakukan secara Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF), Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation (SSF) dan Consolidated BioProcessing (CBP). Konsep keberlanjutan pengem-bangan bioetanol dari limbah pertanian dan sampah organik dituangkan dalam causal loop diagram dan memberikan dampak positif terhadap lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi.Kata kunci: bioetanol, limbah pertanian, sampah organik Abstract Bioethanol is environmentally friendly bioenergy used as a gasoline substitute. Bioethanol raw materials sourced from cultivated plants require high cost and compete with the provision of food. Agricultural waste and organic waste have potential chemical content used as alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of agricultural and organic waste as a raw material for bioethanol in Indonesia, to identify the types of bioethanol production process technologies that can be developed, and to determine the impact of bioethanol production development on the environment, socio-economic and sustainability. The research methods include collecting data on the amount of agricultural and organic waste, calculating bioethanol producing potential and analysis according to the results of a literature review. The potential of agricultural waste and organic waste in Indonesia in 2015 is quite high at 156,892,752,7 tons and 1,035,889.2 tons and can be converted into bioethanol as much as 11,880,641.29 kiloliters and 72,511.2 kiloliters. Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF), Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation (SSF) and Consolidated BioProcessing (CBP) are some of the technology that turns waste and organic waste into bioethanol. The concept of sustainable development of bio-ethanol from agricultural waste and organic waste is poured into causal loop diagrams and has a positive impact on the environment, social and economic.Keywords: agricultural waste, bioethanol, organic waste 
DETOKSIFIKASI HIDROLISAT ASAM DARI UBI KAYU UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOETANOL Yuana Susmiati
AGROINTEK Vol 5, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v5i1.1930

Abstract

The production of bioetanol by using acid hydrolisis method resulted the formation of compounds which can destructed the fermentation process, such as HMF or furfural, thus it needs detoxification process to erase or decrease it. Detoxification process is done by adding alkali in to hidrolisat before it is used as fermentation substrat. Alkali compound which is usually used are Ca(OH)2 or NH4OH. This research is conducted to compare ethanol rendement resulted from the detoxification process, and also to decide the most optimal detoxification that can be done to produce the best etanol rendement. The study is done by using distinct treatmentof catalist, that are Ca(OH)2 dan NH4OH as well as the stirring/mixing time, which are control, 15, 30 and 45 minutes during detoxification process. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that etanol rendement resulted from hydrolisat which is detoxificated by using catalyst NH4OH is higher than the one which use catalyst Ca(OH)2. Acid hydrolisat detoxification method from cassava in order to produce an optimal bioetanol is by using catalist NH4OH with free stirring time(less than 15 minutes)
Rekayasa Proses Hidrolisis Pati dan Serat Ubi Kayu (Manihot utilissima) untuk Produksi Bioetanol Yuana Susmiati; Dwi Setyaningsih; Titi Candra Sunarti
agriTECH Vol 31, No 4 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (201.652 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.9648

Abstract

Ethanol production from cassava (Manihot utilissima) usually uses enzymatic process for starch hydrolysis. Enzymatichydrolysis by α-amylase and amyloglucosidase enzymes are not able to convert cassava fibers into sugars. Dilute acid hydrolysis is applied to convert both starch and fibers, which will increase the yield of simple sugars as fermentable sugars and resulting in high ethanol production. In this research there are two steps of dilute acid hydrolysis, first for starch hydrolysis at H SO concentration of 0.1-0.5 M, 5-15 minutes and second for fiber hydrolysis at 0.5-1.0 24M H SO , 10-20 minutes, at the same temperature of 121-127 oC and pressure of 1.0-1.5 atm. The disadvantage of acid hydrolysis is the formation of toxic compounds such as hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) which is inhibited yeast fermentation. Therefore, acid hydrolyzates were detoxified with NH OH before use as fermentation substrate. The best starch hydrolysis condition was obtained at 0.4 M H SO  for 10 minutes which gave 257.37 g/l of total sugars, 24229.38 g/l of reducing sugars, 89.59 of dextrose equivalent (DE) and 0.57 g/l of HMF. While the best fiber hydrolysis performed at 1.0 M H SO  solution for 20 minutes which gave 79.74 g/l of total sugars, 70.88 g/l of reducing sugars, 2488.99 of DE and 0.0142 g/l of HMF. Single direct acid hydrolysis was the most suitable substrate for yeast fermentationwith the ethanol concentration of 5.7 % (w/v) and 30.5 % (w/w) of ethanol yield. This result is comparable with enzymatic hydrolysis which gave ethanol yield of 30 % (w/w).ABSTRAKProduksi etanol dari ubi kayu biasanya menggunakan enzim untuk menghidrolisis pati. Hidrolisis secara enzimatismenggunakan enzim α-amilase dan amiloglukosidase tidak mampu mengkonversi serat menjadi gula. Hidrolisis asam  berkonsentrasi  rendah  dilakukan  untuk  mengkonversi  pati  dan  serat,  sehingga  gula-gula  sederhana  yang dapat difermentasi meningkat dan menghasilkan produksi etanol tinggi. Pada penelitian ini ada dua tahap hidrolisis menggunakan asam berkonsentrasi rendah, yaitu tahap pertama untuk menghidrolisis pati dengan konsentrasi H SO 0,1-0,5 M selama 5-15 menit dan tahap kedua untuk menghidrolisis serat dengan kensentrasi H SO  0,5-1,0 M selama 2410-20 menit pada suhu dan tekanan sama, yaitu 121-127 oC dan 1,0-1,5 atm. Kekurangan pada hidrolisis asam adalahterbentuknya senyawa toksik seperti hidroksimetil furfural (HMF) yang mengganggu fermentasi khamir. Oleh karena itu hidrolisat asam didetoksifikasi menggunakan NH OH sebelum digunakan sebagai substrat fermentasi. Kondisi terbaik hidrolisis pati diperoleh pada konsentrasi H SO  0,4 M selama 10 menit dengan nilai total gula 257,37 g/l, 24gula pereduksi 229,38 g/l, dextrose equivalent (DE) 89,59 dan HMF 0,57 g/l. Selain itu kondisi terbaik hidrolisis serat diperoleh pada konsentrasi H SO  1,0 M selama 20 menit dengan nilai total gula 79,74 g/l, gula pereduksi 70,88 g/l, 24DE 88,99 dan HMF 0,0142 g/l. Hidrolisat asam yang paling sesuai digunakan sebagai substrat fermentasi adalah darihidrolisis satu tahap tanpa pemisahan serat yang menghasilkan etanol dengan konsentrasi 5,7 % (b/v) dan rendemen etanol 30,5 (b/b). Hasil tersebut tidak berbeda jauh dengan hidrolisis enzimatis yang mengasilkan rendemen etanol 30% (b/b).
Kinerja Internal Reboiler Tipe Vertical Tubular Baffle pada Proses Distilasi Etanol secara Batch yuana susmiati; Bambang Purwantana; Nursigit Bintoro; Sri Rahayoe
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 15, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.65483

Abstract

The performance of ethanol distillation is determined by the type of reboiler used in the distillation column. This study aims to determine the effect of differences in diameter and height of internal reboiler tubes, as well as feed content on ethanol distillate concentration and distillation yield. The research was conducted on a batch ethanol distillation process using a rectified distillation device with an internal vertical tubular baffle reboiler using different diameters and tube height, namely 1.5, 1, and 0.5 inches of diameter, and 8, 6, and 4 cm of tube heights. Materials or feeds in this study were ethanol solutions with levels of 10%, 20%, and 30% v/v. The results showed that the highest ethanol distillate content of 97.17% v/v (average) was achieved in the distillation process using an internal reboiler with a diameter of 0.5”, a tube height of 8 cm, and a feed content of 10%. Geometry affected the heat transfer process in the internal reboiler of a distillation device so that it affected the distillation results.Keywords: distillation; ethanol; internal reboiler: performanceA B S T R A KKinerja alat distilasi etanol ditentukan oleh jenis reboiler yang digunakan pada kolom distilasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh perbedaan diameter dan tinggi tabung internal reboiler, serta kadar umpan terhadap kadar etanol distilat dan rendemen distilasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada proses distilasi etanol secara batch menggunakan alat distilasi rektifikasi dengan internal reboiler jenis Vertical Tubular Baffle yang berbeda ukuran diameter dan tinggi tabungnya, yaitu diameter 1,5, 1 dan 0,5 inci, serta tinggi tabung 8, 6 dan 4 cm. Bahan atau umpan pada penelitian ini adalah larutan etanol berkadar 10%, 20% dan 30% v/v. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kadar etanol distilat yang paling tinggi dengan kadar rata-rata 97,17% v/v dicapai pada proses distilasi dengan internal reboiler berukuran diameter 0,5 inci, dan tinggi tabung 8 cm dan kadar umpan 10%. Geometri berpengaruh pada proses perpindahan panas di dalam internal reboiler suatu alat distilasi sehingga berpengaruh terhadap hasil distilasi.Kata kunci: distilasi; etanol; internal reboiler; kinerja
Increased Concentration of Bioethanol by Rectification Distillation Sieve Tray Type Yuana Susmiati; Mochamad Nuruddin
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Bioethanol is one of the alternative energy which can be used to replace fossil fuels. Bioethanol used are typically high alcohol concentration. In the process of making bioethanol is usually produced with low alcohol content, hence the need for a purification process so that the consentrations are increased. One of bioethanol purification process is rectification distillation. This study aimed to test the rectification distillation apparatus sieve tray type and verify whether the alcohol content measurement using a pycnometer according to alcoholmeter. The results showed that the apparatus can be used to increase the ethanol concentration of 38% to 53%. This research can be demonstrated that the measurement of the concentration of ethanol by pycnometer method not much different from using alcoholmeter.
SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KESAMBI (Schleichera Oleosa L.) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS BASA HETEROGEN DARI LIMBAH KARBIT Mohammad Syarif; Yuana Susmiati; Michael Joko Wibowo
ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (206.437 KB)

Abstract

Biodiesel is a kind of alternative fuels to replace fossil fuels as form as diesel can be obtain through out transesterification process of vagetable oils and methanol with catalyst. One of all vegetables oil that able to use as biodiesel’s material is kesambi seeds oil. The objective of this study is to determine the number of calcium carbide residual catalyst effect to the number of biodiesel’s production. Biodiesel produce by esterification-esterification-transesterification (EET) method. Esterification process using methanol amount of 20% w/v, sulfuric acid is 5% w/v, while the reactive temperature is 60oC and stirring duration about 60 minutes. Transesterification process using methanol amount of 75% w/v while the reactive temperature is 60oC, stirring duration is 120 minutes and calcium carbide residue will be variated to 2,3,4,5 and 6% w/v. The highest biodiesel’s production in amount of 51.4% is achieved by 6% catalyst number. While the lowest number in amount of 34.32% is achieved by 2% catalyst number. R2 number is about 93% which positive correlation slope number reached 475,7x according to correlation between calcium carbide catalyst number and biodiesel’s production number. Therefore it has more and more catalyst calcium carbide residue used will obtain the greater biodiesel yield. Keywords: : Biodiesel, Kesambi seeds oil, Calcium Carbide Residue,Esterification,Transesterification
KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN KOTORAN SAPI DAN LIMBAH PUCUK TEBU (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ISIAN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN BIOGAS Danial Ahmad Fauzi; Yuli Hananto; Yuana Susmiati
ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.963 KB)

Abstract

Biogas is the result of organic waste fermentation into methane with certain anaerobic microorganisms (air-tight). The purpose of this study is aims to analyze the concentration of a mixture of cow manure and sewage shoots sugar cane based on C/N ratio to produce biogas and to compare the results and identify the best gas production rate. The treatment in this study is using 20, 30 and 40 C/N ratio. The parameters that will be observed is the first time to produce gas, volume of biogas, biogas production rate, ambient temperature and fire flame. Based on this research, biogas optimal results based on 40 C/N ratio that is 40.205,7 ml but it have high CO2 this is proved by the flame test, while the C/N ratio of 30 is 32215 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 6288 ml. Best biogas production rate is 30 C/N ratio which is on the first day can produce 13.733 ml gas, C/N ratio of 40 is 10.666,67 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 1.203 ml. Therefore, the more a mixture of sugar cane waste in biogas shoots cow manure, the greater the volume of biogas produced. Keywords: Biogas, Cow manure, waste shoots sugarcane, C/N ratio
PRODUKSI BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN CANGKANG BEKICOT (ACHATINA FULICA) DENGAN METODE PENCUCIAN DRY WASHING Zainul Arifin; Bayu Rudiyanto; Yuana Susmiati
ROTOR Vol 9 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (373.266 KB)

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel from renewable sources with the composition of fatty acids from vegetable oils or animal oils. Biodiesel production from used cooking oil was counducted to determine the effect of basa heterogen catalyst of snail shell that used on a transesterification reaction with dry washing method for the yield and quality of biodiesel based on the quality standard of Biodiesel according to SNI No. 04 – 7182-2006. The study was designed using Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) with two factors, the concentration of catalyst (K): (6, 7 and 8%) and the concentration of magnesium silicate (M): (1 and 1.5%). The parameters analyzed include biodiesel yield, viscosity, density, acid number, flash point, cloud point , water content and heat value. The results showed that the highest yield of 63% was obtained from treatment of the catalyst concentration 6% and magnesium silicate 1% with the quality of biodiesel: viscosity of 5.692 mm2 / s, density of 867.8 kg / m3, the number of acid 0.605 Mg-KOH/Kg, a flash point of 160 oC, 12 oC cloud point, the water content of 0.08% and a heat value of 41.379 MJ / Kg. Keywords : Biodiesel, Catalyst Heterogenous, Snail Shell, Dry Washing
Pemurnian Bioetanol dengan Distilasi Rektifikasi Tipe ‘Sieve Tray’ untuk Menghasilkan FGE (Fuel Grade Etanol) Yuana Susmiati; Mochamad Nuruddin; Agus Nursalim
Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi Vol 17 No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25047/jii.v17i1.461

Abstract

Bioethanol can be used as a substitution of fosil fuel as a fuel stove or motor vehicle. In the ordinary distillation bioethanol production process is only able to produce 50-70% of ethanol which can only be used to fuel stove. To obtain high-grade bioethanol, a multilevel distillation process is required. One of the distillation methods to purify bioethanol is rectification distillation. The purpose of this research is to design a sieve tray type rectifier distillation apparatus that used to increase the bioethanol content. The results showed that the device can increase the ethanol content from 37% to 90%.
Upaya Pengadaan Air Bersih Bagi Kelompok Usaha Bersama Nelayan Pantai Boom Di Kelurahan Kepatihan Kabupaten Banyuwangi Mochammad Nuruddin; Yuana Susmiati
J-Dinamika : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 2 No 1 (2017): Juni
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25047/j-dinamika.v2i1.443

Abstract

Air minum merupakan kebutuhan pokok manusia. Secara ideal penyediaan air minum yang memenuhi syarat hendaknya menjamin kualitas, kuantitas serta kontinuitas. Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) nelayan pantai boom yang terletak di kelurahan kepatihan kabupaten Banyuwangi berada dalam kesulitan pemenuhan air bersih. Kegiatan yang dilakukan pada program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan solusi untuk pengadaan air bersih dengan menggunakan alat desalinasi air laut menjadi air tawar. Alat desalinasi ini merupakan alat yang sederhana dan ramah lingkungan karena menggunakan tenaga matahari sehingga sesuai untuk diterapkan pada masyarakat. Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan air laut sebanyak 10 liter didapatkan hasil distilat kurang lebih 300 mL air tawar. Hasil uji kualitas air yang dilakukan menyatakan bahwa air distilat yang dihasilkan layak dikatakan sebagai air bersih berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 416 tahun 1990 tentang persyaratan kualitas air bersih.
Co-Authors Afianah, Nuzula Agus Nursalim Agus Susanto Ari Nugroho , Darmawan Ari Prasetyo, Dafit Arifin Tasrif Ayu Perwiraningrum, Dhyani Bambang Purwantana Bambang Purwantana Bayu Rudiyanto Bayu Rudiyanto Beni Widiawan Beni Widiawan, Beni Danial Ahmad Fauzi Denny Trias Utomo Dessy Putri Andini, Dessy Putri Dora Candra Dewi, Riskha Dwi Setyaningsih Elly Antika, Elly Farhan Syarif Hidayatullah Febriani, Siti Diah Ayu Hariadi Subagja Hidayatullah, Farhan Syarif Kadhafi, Abu Michael Joko Wibowo Mochamad Nuruddin Mochamad Nuruddin Mochammad Nuruddin Mohammad Syarif Muhammad Aminullah, Muhammad Nursigit Bintoro Nursigit Bintoro Nurul Karimah, Rinda Prasetyo, Dafit Ari Qanitah Qanitah Qanitah, Qanitah Rachmanita, Risse Entikaria Ridho, Ainur Rosyid Risse Entikaria Rachmanita Rohmadini, Fira Sri Rahayoe Sri Rahayoe Syarif, Mesbahul Titi Candra Sunarti Ulma, Zeni Utomo , Denny Trias Wicaksono, Damar Canggih Yuli Hananto ZAINUL ARIFIN